设施农业土壤大量和微量元素等级评价与空间变异特征研究
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摘要
采用GPS定位取土与实验室测定及地理制图等方法,分析了某产业园区设施农业土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾等大量元素和总硼、总锰、总钼、总硒等微量元素描述性统计特征,进行了等级评价,并阐述了其空间变异特征。结果表明:(1)园区设施农业土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾平均值分别为39.4g/kg、1.05g/kg、90.6mg/kg、56.0mg/kg、107.7mg/kg,皆为中等变异强度,其中有机质变异强度最小,有效磷则最大;总硼、总锰、总钼、总硒平均值分别为24.1mg/kg、271.2mg/kg、0.30mg/kg、0.30mg/kg,其中总硼、总锰为弱变异,总钼、总硒为中等变异。(2)土壤有机质、有效磷含量较丰富,全氮、碱解氮、速效钾偏缺。总硒含量高于土壤环境背景值,总硼、总锰、总钼含量均低于背景值。(3)南部区域土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量普遍高于北部,总硼、总锰高值区主要集中在南部区域,总钼、总硒高值区则位于北部。
The paper adopted methods such as GPS positioning,laboratory measurement and geographic mapping to analyzed the contents of macro elements such as organic matter(OM),total nitrogen(TN),alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen(AHN),available phosphorous(AP),available potassium(AK)and trace elements such as total boron,total manganese,total molybdenum and total selenium of facility agriculture soil in industrial park. The paper also analyzed its spatial variability characteristics and graded their evaluations. Results were as follows:(1)The average content of OM was 39.4 g/kg,TN 1.05 g/kg,AHN 90.6 mg/kg,AP 56.0 mg/kg,and AK 107.7 mg/kg,all of which were moderately variable in intensity. The variation intensity of OM was the smallest and the AP was the largest. The average values of total boron,total manganese,total molybdenum and total selenium were 24.1 mg/kg,271.2 mg/kg,0.30 mg/kg,and 0.30 mg/kg respectively. Total boron and total manganese were weak variations,total molybdenum and total selenium were medium variation.(2)The content of OM and AP were abundant,and TN,AHN and AK were lacking. The total selenium content was higher than the background value of the soil environment,and the total boron,total manganese and total molybdenum content were much smaller than the background value.(3)The content of OM,TN,AHN,AP and AK in the southern region soil was generally higher than that in the north. The total values of total boron and total manganese were mainly concentrated in the southern region while the total molybdenum and total selenium were located in the north.
The paper adopted methods such as GPS positioning,laboratory measurement and geographic mapping to analyzed the contents of macro elements such as organic matter(OM),total nitrogen(TN),alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen(AHN),available phosphorous(AP),available potassium(AK)and trace elements such as total boron,total manganese,total molybdenum and total selenium of facility agriculture soil in industrial park. The paper also analyzed its spatial variability characteristics and graded their evaluations. Results were as follows:(1)The average content of OM was 39.4 g/kg,TN 1.05 g/kg,AHN 90.6 mg/kg,AP 56.0 mg/kg,and AK 107.7 mg/kg,all of which were moderately variable in intensity. The variation intensity of OM was the smallest and the AP was the largest. The average values of total boron,total manganese,total molybdenum and total selenium were 24.1 mg/kg,271.2 mg/kg,0.30 mg/kg,and 0.30 mg/kg respectively. Total boron and total manganese were weak variations,total molybdenum and total selenium were medium variation.(2)The content of OM and AP were abundant,and TN,AHN and AK were lacking. The total selenium content was higher than the background value of the soil environment,and the total boron,total manganese and total molybdenum content were much smaller than the background value.(3)The content of OM,TN,AHN,AP and AK in the southern region soil was generally higher than that in the north. The total values of total boron and total manganese were mainly concentrated in the southern region while the total molybdenum and total selenium were located in the north.
引文
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[3]李文庆.大棚土壤管理中存在的问题及对策[C].第七次“土壤与环境”学术研讨会论文摘要,2001.
[4]陈玉鹏,梁东丽,刘中华,等.大棚蔬菜土壤重金属污染及其控制的研究进展与展望[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(1):9-17.
[5]刘长庆,王德科,王文香.不同棚龄大棚土壤养分年度变化特征研究[J].中国农学通报,2001,17(6):38-40.
[6]熊汉琴,王朝辉,宰松梅.保护地土壤质量障碍因素研究[J].水土保持通报,2006,26(3):136-140.
[7]吴才武,夏建新,段峥嵘.土壤有机质测定方法述评与展望[J].土壤,2015,47(3):453-460.
[8]李桂花,叶小兰,吕子古,等.元素分析仪和全自动凯氏定氮仪测定土壤全氮之比较[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(3):111-115.
[9]李金彦.土壤水解性氮的测定(碱解扩散法)[J].农业科技与信息,2010(10):15.
[10]邢晓丽,岳志红,陈瑞鸽,等.土壤有效磷测定方法及注意事项[J].河南农业,2011(4):48-49.
[11]栾慧,高一娜,刘红,等.土壤速效钾测定方法的影响因素[J].绿色科技,2016(16):159-160.
[12]王敏,赵冲厚,张晴,等.微波消解-原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中重金属的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013(16):7128-7129.
[13]陈天恩,董静,郜允兵,等.小丰营村蔬菜地土壤养分变异特性研究[C].中国植物营养与肥料学会2010年学术年会论文集,2010.
[14]魏复盛,杨国治,蒋德珍,等.中国土壤元素背景值基本统计量及其特征[J].中国环境监测,1991,7(01):1-6.
[15]魏复盛,陈静生,吴燕玉,等.中国土壤环境背景值研究[J].环境科学,1991,12(04):12-19.
[16]廖启林,刘聪,许艳,等.江苏省土壤元素地球化学基准值[J].中国地质,2011,38(05):1363-1378.