鸡胚注射肉碱对肉鸡孵化率、生长和屠宰性能的影响
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摘要
文章旨在研究体外鸡胚注射肉碱对肉鸡孵化率及出壳后49 d肉鸡生长性能和屠宰性能的影响。鸡胚在孵化第18天通过羊膜注射0.6、2.4和9.6 mg左旋肉碱/100μL稀释液,此外还有3个对照组(非注射组、穿孔组和注射稀释液组),评估肉鸡孵化率、生长期肉鸡死亡率、增重、采食量和料比以及屠宰性能指标(屠宰率、腹脂、小腿肌、大腿肌、鸡翅和胸肌占比)。结果发现:鸡胚注射左旋肉碱对受精蛋孵化率无显著影响(P> 0.05),但随左旋肉碱注射量的增加,受精蛋孵化率和仔鸡出壳时间有升高趋势(P=0.08)。鸡胚注射左旋肉碱对出壳后49 d肉鸡生长性能、死亡率及屠宰性能指标均无显著影响(P> 0.05)。结论 :鸡胚注射0.6、2.4和9.6 mg左旋肉碱/100μL稀释液对出壳后肉鸡生长性能和屠宰性能无显著影响,但可以改善肉鸡出壳时间和受精蛋孵化率。
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of in embryo injection of carnitine on the hatchability,grow performance,and slaughter yield of broilers from a young breeder flock were determined through 49 d of age. The fertilized eggs were injected with 0.6,2.4 and 9.6 mg carnitine/100 μL diluent on 18 d of incubation. There were also three control groups,non-injected and injected with or without diluent,were included. We assessed the hatchability and hatch rate of fertilized eggs. Moreover,we determined the mortality,body weight gain,feed intake and feed gain ratio through 49 d after shelling. On d 49,live body,carcass and abdominal fat with the weights rate of major commercial cuts including thigh,drumstick,wings and breast muscles were accessed. Supplemental carnitine had no significant effect on the hatchability and hatch rate of fertilized eggs(P >0.05),while signi?cant trends were found for the increased hatch ability and length of egg incubation with the injection levels of carnitine(P=0.08). There were no significant effects on any of the growout performance or slaughter yield parameters investigated(P >0.05). In conclusion,although increasing the levels of carnitine between 0.6 and 9.6 mg/100 μL for commercial in embryo injection did not signi?cantly in?uence subsequent broiler growth performance and slaughter yield in this study,but it is seem that carnitine has the potential for signi?cantly increasing incubation length and hatchability of broiler hatching eggs.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of in embryo injection of carnitine on the hatchability,grow performance,and slaughter yield of broilers from a young breeder flock were determined through 49 d of age. The fertilized eggs were injected with 0.6,2.4 and 9.6 mg carnitine/100 μL diluent on 18 d of incubation. There were also three control groups,non-injected and injected with or without diluent,were included. We assessed the hatchability and hatch rate of fertilized eggs. Moreover,we determined the mortality,body weight gain,feed intake and feed gain ratio through 49 d after shelling. On d 49,live body,carcass and abdominal fat with the weights rate of major commercial cuts including thigh,drumstick,wings and breast muscles were accessed. Supplemental carnitine had no significant effect on the hatchability and hatch rate of fertilized eggs(P >0.05),while signi?cant trends were found for the increased hatch ability and length of egg incubation with the injection levels of carnitine(P=0.08). There were no significant effects on any of the growout performance or slaughter yield parameters investigated(P >0.05). In conclusion,although increasing the levels of carnitine between 0.6 and 9.6 mg/100 μL for commercial in embryo injection did not signi?cantly in?uence subsequent broiler growth performance and slaughter yield in this study,but it is seem that carnitine has the potential for signi?cantly increasing incubation length and hatchability of broiler hatching eggs.
引文
[1]李广新,郭林生,王兴文.鸡蛋孵化条件控制与调节技术措施[J].农村养殖技术,2012,23:18~19.
[2]马友彪,张海军,王晶,等.肉禽卵内给养研究进展[J].动物营养学报,2015,27:3012~3019.
[3]喻小琼,赵桂苹,刘冉冉,等.家禽营养与表观遗传学[J].动物营养学报,2013,25:2192~2201.
[4]Keralapurath M M,Keirs R W,Corzo A et al. Effects of in ovo injection of L-carnitine on subsequent broiler chick tissue nutrient profiles[J]. Poult Sci,2010,89:335~341.
[5]Kidd M T,Gilbert J,Corzo A et al. Dietary l-carnitine influences broiler thigh yield[J].Asian-Australas J Anim Sci,2009,22:681~685.
[6]Kidd M T,McDaniel C D,Peebles E D et al. Breeder hen dietary L-carnitine affects progeny carcass traits[J].Br Poult Sci,2005,46:91~103.
[7]Klasing K C. Lipids[M].Comparative Avian Nutrition. CAB International,New York,NY,1998,171~200.
[8]Peebles E D,Kidd M T,McDaniel C D et al. Effects of breeder hen age and dietary l-carnitine on progeny embryogenesis[J].Br Poult Sci,2007,48:299~307.
[9]Rabie M H,Szilagyi M,Gippert T. Effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation and protein level on performance and degree of meatness and fatness of broilers[J].Acta Biol Hung,1997,48:221~239.
[10]RodehutscordM,TimmlerR,DieckmannA.Effectof L-carnitine supplementation on utilization of energy and protein in broiler chicken fed different dietary fat levels[J].Arch Tierernahr,56:431~441.
[11]SatoM,TachibanaT,FuruseM.Heatproductionand lipid metabolism in broiler and layer chickens during embryonic development[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A,2006,143:382~388.
[12]Xu Z R,Wang M Q,Mao H X et al. Effects of L-carnitine on growth performance,carcass composition,and metabolism of lipids in male broilers[J].Poult Sci,2003,82:408~413.
[13]Zhai W,Neuman S,Latour M A et al. The effect of in ovo injection of l-carnitine on hatchability of White Leghorns[J].Poult Sci,2008,87:569~572.
[2]马友彪,张海军,王晶,等.肉禽卵内给养研究进展[J].动物营养学报,2015,27:3012~3019.
[3]喻小琼,赵桂苹,刘冉冉,等.家禽营养与表观遗传学[J].动物营养学报,2013,25:2192~2201.
[4]Keralapurath M M,Keirs R W,Corzo A et al. Effects of in ovo injection of L-carnitine on subsequent broiler chick tissue nutrient profiles[J]. Poult Sci,2010,89:335~341.
[5]Kidd M T,Gilbert J,Corzo A et al. Dietary l-carnitine influences broiler thigh yield[J].Asian-Australas J Anim Sci,2009,22:681~685.
[6]Kidd M T,McDaniel C D,Peebles E D et al. Breeder hen dietary L-carnitine affects progeny carcass traits[J].Br Poult Sci,2005,46:91~103.
[7]Klasing K C. Lipids[M].Comparative Avian Nutrition. CAB International,New York,NY,1998,171~200.
[8]Peebles E D,Kidd M T,McDaniel C D et al. Effects of breeder hen age and dietary l-carnitine on progeny embryogenesis[J].Br Poult Sci,2007,48:299~307.
[9]Rabie M H,Szilagyi M,Gippert T. Effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation and protein level on performance and degree of meatness and fatness of broilers[J].Acta Biol Hung,1997,48:221~239.
[10]RodehutscordM,TimmlerR,DieckmannA.Effectof L-carnitine supplementation on utilization of energy and protein in broiler chicken fed different dietary fat levels[J].Arch Tierernahr,56:431~441.
[11]SatoM,TachibanaT,FuruseM.Heatproductionand lipid metabolism in broiler and layer chickens during embryonic development[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A,2006,143:382~388.
[12]Xu Z R,Wang M Q,Mao H X et al. Effects of L-carnitine on growth performance,carcass composition,and metabolism of lipids in male broilers[J].Poult Sci,2003,82:408~413.
[13]Zhai W,Neuman S,Latour M A et al. The effect of in ovo injection of l-carnitine on hatchability of White Leghorns[J].Poult Sci,2008,87:569~572.