南海风暴潮对风场和外围海水敏感性研究
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摘要
为探索来自西北太平洋台风风暴潮与南海局地生成台风风暴潮不同,本研究在假设两种台风气象条件相同情况下,研究随台风而来外围海水所形成增水对南海沿岸的影响。以0814"黑格比"强台风风暴潮为基础,使用ROMS(regional ocean modeling system)模式进行数值模拟并通过设计对比试验方法进行研究,研究发现在台风登陆时引起的增水最大,最大增水出现在台风路径右侧,其中在沿岸区域,外围海水形成增水约占总增水10%,且大约3 h后出现增水回震现象。同时,设计对比试验,研究来自西北太平洋台风风暴潮对台风路径、台风强度、台风移动速度和流入角等气象条件敏感性,并获得与前人一致的结果。
To explore the difference between the storm surge generated from the Pacific Northwest and that generated from the South China Sea, we studied the external seawater influence on the storm surge of the South China Sea coast under constant meteorological conditions. Regional ocean modeling system(ROMS) was used to simulate and analyze the external seawater, and a comparative test was performed. The results showed that the maximum surge appeared at the moment the typhoon landed on the right of typhoon path. The external seawater came back after 3 hours, accounting for about 10% of the total surge. Meanwhile, different model results show the same conclusions on the storm surge in terms of typhoon moving paths, change of typhoon strength, increase of typhoon moving speed, different inflow angle, and external seawater evolution.
To explore the difference between the storm surge generated from the Pacific Northwest and that generated from the South China Sea, we studied the external seawater influence on the storm surge of the South China Sea coast under constant meteorological conditions. Regional ocean modeling system(ROMS) was used to simulate and analyze the external seawater, and a comparative test was performed. The results showed that the maximum surge appeared at the moment the typhoon landed on the right of typhoon path. The external seawater came back after 3 hours, accounting for about 10% of the total surge. Meanwhile, different model results show the same conclusions on the storm surge in terms of typhoon moving paths, change of typhoon strength, increase of typhoon moving speed, different inflow angle, and external seawater evolution.
引文
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[2]Xie Lian,Liu Huiqing,Peng Machuan.The effect of wave-current interactions on the storm surge and inundation in Charleston Harbor during Hurricane Hugo1989[J].Ocean Modelling,2008,20(3):252-269.
[3]Feng Xingru,Yin Baoshu,Yang Dezhou,et al.The effect of wave-induced radiation stress on storm surge during Typhoon Saomai(2006)[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2011,3:20-26.
[4]赵昊辰,尹宝树,冯兴如,等.台湾附近海域超强台风南玛都期间风暴潮对海浪影响的数值研究[J].海洋科学,2015,39(3):127-134.Zhao Haochen,Yin Baoshu,Feng Xingru,et al.Numerical study of influence of surge and wave interaction on waves in Waters surrounding Taiwan[J].Marine Sciences,2015,39(3):127-134.
[5]Orton P,Georgas N,Blumberg A,et al.Detailed modeling of recent severe storm tides in estuaries of the New York City region[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2012,117:1-17.
[6]Metzger E J,Hurlburt H E.Coupled dynamics of the South China Sea,the Sulu Sea,and the Pacific Ocean[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans(1978-2012),1996,101(C5):12331-12352.
[7]叶小敏,林明森,宋庆君,等.利用南海石油平台的卫星雷达高度计定标与检验[J].海洋科学,2015,39(12):135-142.Ye Xiaomin,Lin Mingsen,Song Qingjun,et al.Calibration and validation of satellite radar altimeters in the South China Sea using an oil platform[J].Marine Sciences,2015,39(12):135-142.
[8]王新星,于杰,李永振,等.南海主要上升流及其与渔场的关系[J].海洋科学,2015,39(9):131-137.Wang Xinxing,Yu Jie,Li Yongzhen,et al.The relationship between major upwelling and the upwelling fishing grounds in the South China Sea[J].Marine Sciences,2015,39(9):131-137.
[9]王喜年.风暴潮预报知识讲座(第二讲风暴潮灾害及其地理分布)[J].海洋预报,2001,18(2):70-77.Wang Xinian.Lectures on storm surge forecasting knowledge(second story about storm surge disasters and their geographical distribution)[J].Marine Forecasts,2001,18(2):70-77.
[10]Trenberth K.Uncertainty in hurricanes and global warming[J].Science,2005,308:1753-1754.
[11]Muis S,Verlaan M,Winsemius H C,et al.A global reanalysis of storm surges and extreme sea levels[J].Nature Communications,2016,11969:1-11.
[12]Moon I J.Impact of a coupled ocean wave-tidecirculation system on coastal modeling[J].Ocean Modelling,2005,8(3):203-236.
[13]付翔,董剑希,马经广,等.0814号强台风“黑格比”风暴潮分析与数值模拟[J].海洋预报,2009,26(4):68-75.Fu Xiang,Dong Jianxi,Ma Jingguang,et al.Analysis and numerical simulation of the storm surge caused by Typhoon“Hagupit”[J].Marine Forecasts,2009,26(4):68-75.
[14]Willoughby H E,Darling R W R,Rahn M E.Parametric representation of the primary hurricane vortex.Part II:a new family of sectionally continuous profiles[J].Monthly Weather Review,2005,134:1102-1120.
[15]李健,侯一筠,孙瑞.台风模型风场建立及其模式验证[J].海洋科学,2013,37(11):95-102.Li Jian,Hou Yijun,Sun Rui.Surge model caused by0814 Typhoon and mold wind field established[J].Marine Sciences,2013,37(11):95-102.
[16]于福江.中国近海海洋综合调查与评价专项-灾害调查和综合评价[R].北京:国家海洋环境预报中心,2012.Yu Fujiang.Marine comprehensive survey and evaluation of offshore China-disaster investigation and comprehensive evaluation[R].Beijing:National Marine Evvironmental Forecasting Center,2012.
[17]Weisberg R H,Zheng L.Hurricane storm surge simulations for Tampa Bay[J].Estuaries and Coasts,2006,29(6):899-913.