东太平洋克拉里昂-克利帕顿断裂区多金属结核保留区的气象状况和预报规律
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摘要
为保障我国大洋矿产资源的勘探和开采,文章根据我国于2017年对东太平洋克拉里昂-克利帕顿断裂区多金属结核保留区开展首次调查的志愿船观测数据,结合实际天气和预报过程,在对观测数据进行处理和分析的基础上,总结调查期间该保留区的气象状况和预报规律。研究结果表明:受冷高压及其外围的影响,保留区风向和风速变化较大,在预报过程中须实时关注冷空气的中心位置、走向和持续时间,适时调整作业方案;保留区气压与天气系统吻合较好,气温和湿度受降水影响,且降水频繁;除10月可能受到飓风影响外,保留区11月风速通常比10月大。
The meteorological conditions and forecasting rules of the reserved area during the investigation period were summarized based on the measured data of volunteer ship in the first survey of polymetallic nodules in the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone in the East Pacific in 2017,combined with the actual weather and forecasting process.The results showed that the wind direction and wind speed of the reserved area varied greatly due to the influence of cold high pressure and its periphery.In the forecasting process,the central position,strike and duration of the cold air should be paid attention to in real time,and the operation plan should be adjusted in time.The system is in good agreement between the pressure and weather of the reserved area,the temperature and humidity are affected by precipitation,and precipitation is frequent.In the reservedarea the wind speed in November is usually larger than that in October except affected by hurricanes.
The meteorological conditions and forecasting rules of the reserved area during the investigation period were summarized based on the measured data of volunteer ship in the first survey of polymetallic nodules in the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone in the East Pacific in 2017,combined with the actual weather and forecasting process.The results showed that the wind direction and wind speed of the reserved area varied greatly due to the influence of cold high pressure and its periphery.In the forecasting process,the central position,strike and duration of the cold air should be paid attention to in real time,and the operation plan should be adjusted in time.The system is in good agreement between the pressure and weather of the reserved area,the temperature and humidity are affected by precipitation,and precipitation is frequent.In the reservedarea the wind speed in November is usually larger than that in October except affected by hurricanes.
引文
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[2]李向阳.我国深海多金属结核采矿试验之初论[J].海洋开发与管理,2017,34(1):63-66.
[3]程景广,于敏,戴晓风,等.东太平洋结核区可培养细菌的多样性研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2017,47(6):42-52.
[4]张欢,韩春花,杨锦坤,等.中国大洋数据共享现状与展望[J].海洋开发与管理,2017,34(3):3-11.
[5]刘家沂.我国志愿船管理现状及发展战略措施[J].海洋开发与管理,2008,25(1):21-24.
[6]刘家沂.国际志愿观测船计划[J].海洋开发与管理,2008,25(2):18-22.
[7]李葳.NECP FNL资料解码及数据格式转换[J].气象与减灾研究,2011,34(1):63-68.
[8]高山,江崇波,刘桂艳,等.WRF模式在“大洋一号”随船预报中的应用[J].海洋预报,2015,32(1):46-52.
[9]林锡贵,张庆荣,蔡亲炳.秋、冬季赤道西太平洋海面气象特征初析[J].海洋与湖沼,1992(4):371-378.
[10] MO D X,HOU Y J,LI J,et al.Study on the storm surges induced by cold waves in the Northern East China Sea[J].Journal of Marine Systems,2016,160:26-39.
[11]林锡贵.10月份赤道西太平洋海面气象特征[J].海洋预报,1993,10(4):37-46.