新疆昭苏牧区放牧绵羊硒元素营养状况调查
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摘要
为了解新疆昭苏牧区牧草中硒含量以及放牧绵羊硒的营养状况,分别于春、夏、秋、冬四季,选择3块地势平坦、具代表性样地,采用模拟采食法留茬3 cm采集羊只所食牧草,同时选取成年母羊和育成母羊各10只,测定羊毛、血清、肝脏、心肌、肾脏、脾脏和肌肉及牧草中硒含量。结果:四季牧草中硒含量分别为2.23、3.51、3.05和2.04μg/kg,各季节间差异不显著(P>0.05);成年母羊羊毛、血清、肝脏、心肌、肾脏、脾脏和肌肉中硒含量四季平均值分别为1.738μg/kg、0.039 mg/L、0.453 mg/kg、0.024 mg/kg、0.367 mg/kg、0.050 mg/kg和0.017 mg/kg;育成母羊分别为1.888μg/kg、0.034 mg/L、0.260 mg/kg、0.028 mg/kg、0.318 mg/kg、0.029 mg/kg和0.020 mg/kg。分析结果表明,昭苏牧区放牧成年母羊与放牧育成母羊处于缺硒状态,放牧过程中需要补饲硒。
In order to investigate the nutritional status of selenium in grazing sheep in Zhaosu pastoral area of Xinjiang, ten adult ewes and ten growing ewes were observed, sacrificed and sampled in each season for four consecutive seasons of a year from Sept, 2014 to Aug. 2015. The selenium content in wool, serum, liver, myocardium, kidney, spleen, and muscle samples of animal as well as the forage samples taken in the four seasons were measured. The results showed that the contents of selenium in wool, serum, liver, myocardium, kidney, spleen and muscle of adult ewe were 1.738 μg/kg, 0.039 mg/L, 0.453 mg/kg, 0.024 mg/kg, 0.367 mg/kg, 0.050 mg/kg and 0.017 mg/kg, respectively; those of growing ewes were 1.888 μg/kg, 0.034 mg/L, 0.260 mg/kg, 0.028 mg/kg, 0.318 mg/kg, 0.029 mg/kg and 0.020 mg/kg, respectively; and the contents of selenium in grass of the four seasons were 2.23 mg/kg, 3.51 mg/kg, 3.05 mg/kg and 2.04 mg/kg, respectively, with no significant difference in the content between seasons. To sum up, adult and growing ewes in the Zhaosu pastoral area are in a state of selenium deficiency. It is necessary to supplement selenium to their diet during grazing.
In order to investigate the nutritional status of selenium in grazing sheep in Zhaosu pastoral area of Xinjiang, ten adult ewes and ten growing ewes were observed, sacrificed and sampled in each season for four consecutive seasons of a year from Sept, 2014 to Aug. 2015. The selenium content in wool, serum, liver, myocardium, kidney, spleen, and muscle samples of animal as well as the forage samples taken in the four seasons were measured. The results showed that the contents of selenium in wool, serum, liver, myocardium, kidney, spleen and muscle of adult ewe were 1.738 μg/kg, 0.039 mg/L, 0.453 mg/kg, 0.024 mg/kg, 0.367 mg/kg, 0.050 mg/kg and 0.017 mg/kg, respectively; those of growing ewes were 1.888 μg/kg, 0.034 mg/L, 0.260 mg/kg, 0.028 mg/kg, 0.318 mg/kg, 0.029 mg/kg and 0.020 mg/kg, respectively; and the contents of selenium in grass of the four seasons were 2.23 mg/kg, 3.51 mg/kg, 3.05 mg/kg and 2.04 mg/kg, respectively, with no significant difference in the content between seasons. To sum up, adult and growing ewes in the Zhaosu pastoral area are in a state of selenium deficiency. It is necessary to supplement selenium to their diet during grazing.
引文
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[6] 丁在亮.原子荧光法测定饲料中硒的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2011.
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[12] 魏时来,李发弟,郝正里,等.甘肃省舍饲牛羊日粮微量元素盈缺分析[J].中国草食动物,2000(3):45-46.
[13] 陈代文.动物营养与饲料学[M].2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2015:102-103.
[14] 刘宁,余顺祥.天山北坡放牧绵羊的限制性矿物元素调查[J].西北农业学报,1992,1(3):73-76.
[15] 邵凯.放牧反刍动物矿物质营养状况的分析与评价[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,1997(1):26-31.
[16] 郝正里,项光华,魏时来,等.甘肃省8个地区牛羊被毛的主要矿物质元素含量[J].草业学报,1998(1):43-50.
[17] 李光辉,王珏.微量元素在土壤、饲料与畜体中的含量(续)[J].饲料研究,1995(2):12-13.
[18] 许贵善,张力,冯昕炜,等.青海海西土-草-畜系统中微量元素的季节变化与盈缺分析[J].江苏农业科学,2009,37(6):382-384.
[2] 侯广田,方光新,马生刚,等.新疆矿物元素与反刍家畜营养[J].草食家畜,2003(2):39-42.
[3] 李海,徐海霞.昭苏草地生态现状及治理对策[J].新疆畜牧业,2011(2):53-54.
[4] 侯世斌,刘春兰.昭苏县天然草原退化调查报告[J].新疆畜牧业,2009(6):57-58.
[5] 原倩文.ICp-AES法应用于鸭肉制品中微量元素测定及钢铁中磷测定数据处理研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.
[6] 丁在亮.原子荧光法测定饲料中硒的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2011.
[7] 武立怀.美国NRC绵羊营养需要量(1985年第六版)(续)[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,1987(3):37-38.
[8] 刘宗平,马卓,张尤嘉,等.健康羊全血和被毛微量元素研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1992(3):190-195.
[9] 王宗元,曹光辛,胡在朝,等.动物矿物质营养代谢与疾病[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1995:200-203.
[10] Mc Dowell L R,关新富.反刍动物矿物质营养不平衡的诊断[J].国外畜牧学(草食家畜),1987(1):33-35.
[11] 苏祺.中国饲料、饲草中含硒量分步图简要说明[M].北京:农业科技出版社,1985:24-25.
[12] 魏时来,李发弟,郝正里,等.甘肃省舍饲牛羊日粮微量元素盈缺分析[J].中国草食动物,2000(3):45-46.
[13] 陈代文.动物营养与饲料学[M].2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2015:102-103.
[14] 刘宁,余顺祥.天山北坡放牧绵羊的限制性矿物元素调查[J].西北农业学报,1992,1(3):73-76.
[15] 邵凯.放牧反刍动物矿物质营养状况的分析与评价[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,1997(1):26-31.
[16] 郝正里,项光华,魏时来,等.甘肃省8个地区牛羊被毛的主要矿物质元素含量[J].草业学报,1998(1):43-50.
[17] 李光辉,王珏.微量元素在土壤、饲料与畜体中的含量(续)[J].饲料研究,1995(2):12-13.
[18] 许贵善,张力,冯昕炜,等.青海海西土-草-畜系统中微量元素的季节变化与盈缺分析[J].江苏农业科学,2009,37(6):382-384.