溴鎓离子的结构解析
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摘要
溴鎓离子是烯烃与溴加成历程中的环状中间体,详细解析其结构对理解不同烯烃与溴的加成历程以及判断加成产物都大有裨益。目前,国内外的教材还没有关于溴鎓离子结构的详细介绍,本文将对溴鎓离子三元环中各原子的杂化方式和电荷分布及后续的亲核取代历程等方面进行分析,以期为有机化学教材提供适当的补充。
The bromonium ion is a cyclic intermediate in the addition of olefin and bromine.A detailed analysis on its structure will be greatly helpful not only in understanding the addition process of different olefins and bromine but also in predicting addition products.At present,there is no detailed introduction about the structure of brominium ions in the textbooks at home and abroad.As an appropriate supplement to the textbooks of organic chemistry,this paper summarized the hybridization modes of each atom and the charge distribution of atoms in three membered ring of the bromonium ion,with the subsequent nucleophilic substitution process also included.
The bromonium ion is a cyclic intermediate in the addition of olefin and bromine.A detailed analysis on its structure will be greatly helpful not only in understanding the addition process of different olefins and bromine but also in predicting addition products.At present,there is no detailed introduction about the structure of brominium ions in the textbooks at home and abroad.As an appropriate supplement to the textbooks of organic chemistry,this paper summarized the hybridization modes of each atom and the charge distribution of atoms in three membered ring of the bromonium ion,with the subsequent nucleophilic substitution process also included.
引文
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[2]裴伟伟.有机化学核心教程.北京:科学出版社,2008.
[3]M Jones,S A Fleming.Organic Chemistry.New York:WWNorton&Company,Inc.2010.
[4]J Strating,J H Wieringa,H Wynberg.Chem.Commun.,1969,16:907~908.
[5]G A Olah,P W Westerman,E G Melby et al.Chem.Commun.,1974:96(11):3565~3573.
[6]B Galland,E M Evleth,M F Ruasse.Chem.Commun.,1990,13:898~900.
[7]S D Ittel,J A Ibers.Adv.Organomet.Chem.,1976,14:33~61.
[8]H Slebocka-Tilk,R G Ball,R S Brown.J.Am.Soc.Chem.,1985,107(15):450~4508.
[9]R Gedye,R S Brown,H Slebocka-Tilk et al.J.Am.Soc.Chem.,1984,106(16):4515~4521.
[10]李晓丽,许苗军,孙才英等.大学教育,2012,1(4):60~61.