市郊轨道交通站点周边居民购物出行研究——以上海为例
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摘要
市郊轨道交通建设推动了上海郊区的快速城市化发展,人口在外围大量集聚,也促进了郊区商业的发展。通常情况下,市郊居民每月去市中心购买大件物品而在周边超市购买日常用品。然而随着轨道交通的发展和私家车保有量不断提高,购物出行特征变得更加复杂化。通过对上海市郊两个地铁站点的居民进行出行调查,研究发现:郊区居民对市中心购物的依赖性较强,轨道交通成为去市中心购物的主要交通方式;居民根据就近原则来选择大型超市,提供免费的超市班车可以增加超市的消费群体;改善地铁站点周边的出行环境,同时优化外围的公交服务水平,增加到地铁站的公交线路,可以引导小汽车出行转向轨道交通出行。
ABSTR AC T: The construc tion of rail transit promoted the rapid urbanization of the suburbs of Shanghai, and the population gathered in the city periphery also promoted the development of suburban commerce. In general, suburban residents go to the city center every month to buy large goods and buy daily necessities in surrounding grocery stores. However, with the development of rail transit and the increasing number of private cars, the characteristics of shopping trips have become more complicated. Through a survey of residents of two subway stations in the suburbs of Shanghai, it is found that suburban residents have strong dependence on shopping downtown, and rail transit has become the main choice of transportation to the city center; residents choose large supermarkets according to the principle of proximity, and the free supermarket shuttle can enlarge the consumer group of supermarket; improvement of the environment around the subway station and optimization the peripheral bus service level could contribute to the change of transportation choice from private car to rail transit.
ABSTR AC T: The construc tion of rail transit promoted the rapid urbanization of the suburbs of Shanghai, and the population gathered in the city periphery also promoted the development of suburban commerce. In general, suburban residents go to the city center every month to buy large goods and buy daily necessities in surrounding grocery stores. However, with the development of rail transit and the increasing number of private cars, the characteristics of shopping trips have become more complicated. Through a survey of residents of two subway stations in the suburbs of Shanghai, it is found that suburban residents have strong dependence on shopping downtown, and rail transit has become the main choice of transportation to the city center; residents choose large supermarkets according to the principle of proximity, and the free supermarket shuttle can enlarge the consumer group of supermarket; improvement of the environment around the subway station and optimization the peripheral bus service level could contribute to the change of transportation choice from private car to rail transit.
引文
[1]郑捷奋,刘洪玉.香港轨道交通与土地资源的综合开发[J].中国铁道科学,2002,23(5):1-5.ZHENG Jiefen,LIU Hongyu.Comprehensive Development of Rail Transport and Land Resources in Hong Kong[J].China Railway Science,2002,23(5):1-5.
2 CERVERO R.The Transit Metropolis:A Global Inquiry[J].Development,1998.
3 MCCARTHY P S.Transportation Economics:Theory and Practice:A Case Study Approach[J].2001.
4李文翎,阎小培.城市轨道交通发展与土地复合利用研究--以广州为例[J].地理科学,2002,22(5):574-580.LI Wenling,YAN Xiaopei.Study on the Development of Urban MTR System and Land Compound Use:A Case in Guangzhou City[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2002,22(5):574-580.
5潘海啸,杨朓晕.轨道交通对于节点城镇建设发展的影响[J].城市轨道交通研究,2006,9(4):45-48.PAN Haixiao,YANG Tiaoyun.Impact of Urban Rail Transit on Node Towns[J].Urban Mass Transit,2006,9(4):45-48.
6陈蔚珊,柳林,梁育填.广州轨道交通枢纽零售业的特征聚类及时空演变[J].地理学报,2015,70(6):879-892.CHEN Weishan,LIU Lin,LIANG Yutian.Characterizing the Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Retail Business at Transfer Hubs of Guangzhou Metro[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(6):879-892.
7惠英.城市轨道交通站点地区规划与建设研究[J].城市规划学刊,2002(2):30-33.HUI Ying.Planning and Construction of the Areas Round the Rail Transportation Station[J].Urban Planning Forum,2002(2):30-33.
8林耿,张小英,马扬艳.广州市地铁开发对沿线商业业态空间的影响[J].地理科学进展,2008,27(6):104-111.LIN Geng,ZHANG Xiaoying,MA Yangyan.The Influence of Metro System on Commercial Space Structure Along the Line in Guangzhou[J].Progress in Geography,2008,27(6):104-111.
9林耿.地铁开发对大城市消费空间的影响[J].城市规划,2009(3):17-24.LIN Geng.Impact of Metro Development on Consumption Space in Metropolis[J].City Planning Review,2009(3):17-24.
10潘海啸,任春洋.轨道交通与城市公共活动中心体系的空间耦合关系--以上海市为例[J].城市规划学刊,2005(4):80-86.PAN Haixiao,REN Chunyang.Study on Spatial Coupling Between the Metro and Urban Activity Center:Case Study in ShangHai[J].Urban Planning Forum,2005(4):80-86.
11潘海啸.轨道交通与大都市地区空间结构的优化[J].城市发展研究,2008(S1):37-43.PAN Haixiao.Rail Transit and Optimization of Spatial Structure in Metropolitan Areas[J].Urban Development Studies,2008(S1):37-43.
12 CERVERO R,LANDIS J.Twenty Years of the Bay Area Rapid Transit System:Land Use and Development Impacts[J].Transportation Research,1997(7):309.
13张有恒.运输经济学--理论与实务[M].台北:华泰书局,1992.ZHANG Youheng.Transport Economics:Theory and Practice[M].Taipei:HWA TAI Bookstore,1992.
14徐以群,陈茜.城市公共交通服务水平的指标体系[J].城市交通,2006,4(6):42-46.XU Yiqun,CHEN Qian.System of LOS Indicators for Urban Public Transportation[J].Urban Transport of China,2006,4(6):42-46.
(1)截至2010年4月,上海轨道交通已开通运营11条线,运营里程达410km。至2014年10月,轨道交通运营里程578km,年均增加40km。
(2)资料来源:《上海市城市总体规划(1999—2020)》概要。
(3)数据来源:《2007年上海市大型商业发展研究报告》。
(4)所列公交线路均为调查时线路名称。公交线路调查包括超市班车和常规公交线路,超市班车数据利用丁丁同城查询所得。
(5)《城市道路交通规划设计规范》(GB50220-95)。
(6)数据来源:《尼尔森报告:2010年中国购物者趋势》,大卖场和超市成为65%购物者最常去的地方,74%的购物者每7天光顾一次大型超市。
2 CERVERO R.The Transit Metropolis:A Global Inquiry[J].Development,1998.
3 MCCARTHY P S.Transportation Economics:Theory and Practice:A Case Study Approach[J].2001.
4李文翎,阎小培.城市轨道交通发展与土地复合利用研究--以广州为例[J].地理科学,2002,22(5):574-580.LI Wenling,YAN Xiaopei.Study on the Development of Urban MTR System and Land Compound Use:A Case in Guangzhou City[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2002,22(5):574-580.
5潘海啸,杨朓晕.轨道交通对于节点城镇建设发展的影响[J].城市轨道交通研究,2006,9(4):45-48.PAN Haixiao,YANG Tiaoyun.Impact of Urban Rail Transit on Node Towns[J].Urban Mass Transit,2006,9(4):45-48.
6陈蔚珊,柳林,梁育填.广州轨道交通枢纽零售业的特征聚类及时空演变[J].地理学报,2015,70(6):879-892.CHEN Weishan,LIU Lin,LIANG Yutian.Characterizing the Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Retail Business at Transfer Hubs of Guangzhou Metro[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(6):879-892.
7惠英.城市轨道交通站点地区规划与建设研究[J].城市规划学刊,2002(2):30-33.HUI Ying.Planning and Construction of the Areas Round the Rail Transportation Station[J].Urban Planning Forum,2002(2):30-33.
8林耿,张小英,马扬艳.广州市地铁开发对沿线商业业态空间的影响[J].地理科学进展,2008,27(6):104-111.LIN Geng,ZHANG Xiaoying,MA Yangyan.The Influence of Metro System on Commercial Space Structure Along the Line in Guangzhou[J].Progress in Geography,2008,27(6):104-111.
9林耿.地铁开发对大城市消费空间的影响[J].城市规划,2009(3):17-24.LIN Geng.Impact of Metro Development on Consumption Space in Metropolis[J].City Planning Review,2009(3):17-24.
10潘海啸,任春洋.轨道交通与城市公共活动中心体系的空间耦合关系--以上海市为例[J].城市规划学刊,2005(4):80-86.PAN Haixiao,REN Chunyang.Study on Spatial Coupling Between the Metro and Urban Activity Center:Case Study in ShangHai[J].Urban Planning Forum,2005(4):80-86.
11潘海啸.轨道交通与大都市地区空间结构的优化[J].城市发展研究,2008(S1):37-43.PAN Haixiao.Rail Transit and Optimization of Spatial Structure in Metropolitan Areas[J].Urban Development Studies,2008(S1):37-43.
12 CERVERO R,LANDIS J.Twenty Years of the Bay Area Rapid Transit System:Land Use and Development Impacts[J].Transportation Research,1997(7):309.
13张有恒.运输经济学--理论与实务[M].台北:华泰书局,1992.ZHANG Youheng.Transport Economics:Theory and Practice[M].Taipei:HWA TAI Bookstore,1992.
14徐以群,陈茜.城市公共交通服务水平的指标体系[J].城市交通,2006,4(6):42-46.XU Yiqun,CHEN Qian.System of LOS Indicators for Urban Public Transportation[J].Urban Transport of China,2006,4(6):42-46.
(1)截至2010年4月,上海轨道交通已开通运营11条线,运营里程达410km。至2014年10月,轨道交通运营里程578km,年均增加40km。
(2)资料来源:《上海市城市总体规划(1999—2020)》概要。
(3)数据来源:《2007年上海市大型商业发展研究报告》。
(4)所列公交线路均为调查时线路名称。公交线路调查包括超市班车和常规公交线路,超市班车数据利用丁丁同城查询所得。
(5)《城市道路交通规划设计规范》(GB50220-95)。
(6)数据来源:《尼尔森报告:2010年中国购物者趋势》,大卖场和超市成为65%购物者最常去的地方,74%的购物者每7天光顾一次大型超市。