上海适生白及属植物的耐湿性评价及其生理机制研究
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摘要
以引种的12份白及属(Bletilla)种源为实验材料,在人工水湿环境下结合形态变化测定5项生理指标,结果发现:形态变化方面,主要是部分叶片发黄,根部根系出现软化且根尖处有发黑的情况;生理指标变化方面,在水湿环境12、36、60 h下,大多数白及属种源体内的丙二醛(MDA)含量先减少后增加,脯氨酸(Pro)含量先增加后减少,细胞膜透性先减少后增加,叶绿素含量先增加后减少,根系脱氢酶活性大多数先增加后减少,在水湿环境下36 h达到调节极限。运用隶属函数对白及属植物耐水湿性进行综合评价,得出耐水湿性从强到弱的排序是:江西白及11号>重庆白及7号>湖北白及10号>湖北黄花白及3号>陕西白及12号>四川白及9号>陕西黄花白及5号>台湾小白及2号>云南小白及1号>广西黄花白及6号>安徽白及8号>四川小白及4号。
In this study, twelve Bletilla germplasms were examined to determine their tolerance to excessive moisture. Within an artificial system with excessive moisture, Bletilla morphology and 5 physiological parameters including malondialdehyde(MDA) content, proline(Pro) content, cell membrane permeability, chlorophyll content, and root dehydrogenase activity were monitored at 12, 36 and 60 hours of treatments. Excessive moisture induced accumulation of chlorosis in leaves and softening of roots with noticeable blackness in the root tips. Regarding to the 5 physiological parameters, most of the examined Bletilla germplasms showed an initial decrease followed by an increase in the levels of MDA content and cell membrane permeability; meanwhile, an initial increase followed by a decrease was observed for Pro and chlorophyll contents as well as for root dehydrogenase activity. The time course study indicates that the Bletilla plants reached their maximum of regulatory capacity at 36 h of treatment. Based on the comprehensive evaluation by using subordinate function values, Bletilla plants tolerance to excessive moisture show the following order from the strongest to the weakest: B. striata No. 11 from Jiangxi, B. striata No. 7 from Chongqing, B. striata No. 10 from Hube, B. ochracea No. 3 from Hubei, B. striata No. 12 from Shanxi, B. striata No. 9 from Sichuan, B. ochracea No. 5 from Shanxi, B. formosana No. 2 from Taiwan, B. formosana No. 1 from Yunnan, B. ochracea No. 6 from Guangxi, B. striata No. 8 from Anhui, B. formosana No. 4 from Sichuan.
In this study, twelve Bletilla germplasms were examined to determine their tolerance to excessive moisture. Within an artificial system with excessive moisture, Bletilla morphology and 5 physiological parameters including malondialdehyde(MDA) content, proline(Pro) content, cell membrane permeability, chlorophyll content, and root dehydrogenase activity were monitored at 12, 36 and 60 hours of treatments. Excessive moisture induced accumulation of chlorosis in leaves and softening of roots with noticeable blackness in the root tips. Regarding to the 5 physiological parameters, most of the examined Bletilla germplasms showed an initial decrease followed by an increase in the levels of MDA content and cell membrane permeability; meanwhile, an initial increase followed by a decrease was observed for Pro and chlorophyll contents as well as for root dehydrogenase activity. The time course study indicates that the Bletilla plants reached their maximum of regulatory capacity at 36 h of treatment. Based on the comprehensive evaluation by using subordinate function values, Bletilla plants tolerance to excessive moisture show the following order from the strongest to the weakest: B. striata No. 11 from Jiangxi, B. striata No. 7 from Chongqing, B. striata No. 10 from Hube, B. ochracea No. 3 from Hubei, B. striata No. 12 from Shanxi, B. striata No. 9 from Sichuan, B. ochracea No. 5 from Shanxi, B. formosana No. 2 from Taiwan, B. formosana No. 1 from Yunnan, B. ochracea No. 6 from Guangxi, B. striata No. 8 from Anhui, B. formosana No. 4 from Sichuan.
引文
CAS Editorial Committee of the Flora of China(1999).Flora of China.8.Beijing:Science Press,46-47(in Chinese)[中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会(1999).中国植物志.8.北京:科学出版社,46-47]
Chen QL,Yang GC,Cheng Q,et al(2017).Establishment of rapid propagation system on tissue culturing of Bletilla.Hubei Agr Sci,56(24):4807-4810(in Chinese with English abstract)[陈巧玲,杨国才,程群等(2017).白及组织培养的建立与快速繁殖研究.湖北农业科学,56(24):4807-4810]
Gong Y,Jing PF,Wei YK,et al(2014).Potential distribution of Bletilla striata(Orchidaceae)in China and its climate characteristics.Plant Divers Resour,36(2):237-244(in Chinese with English abstract)[龚晔,景鹏飞,魏宇昆等(2014).中国珍稀药用植物白及的潜在分布与其气候特征.植物分类与资源学报,36(2):237-244]
Gorai M,Neffati M(2011).Osmotic adjustment,water relations and growth attributes of the xero-halophyte Reaumuria vermiculata L.(Tamaricaceae)in response to salt stress.Acta Physiol Plant,33(4):1425-1433
Ji XM,Xu L,Xie YF,et al(2015).Effect of flooding stress on physiological adaption metabolism of two species of native herbage.Southwest China J Agr Sci,28(1):110-114(in Chinese with English abstract)[戢小梅,许林,谢焰锋等(2015).水涝胁迫下2种乡土草本植物生理特性的响应.西南农业学报,28(1):110-114]
Li L,Yu S,Jiang YC,et al(2016).Identification and screening of different kidney bean cultivars for saline-alkaline tolerance during seedling stage.Plant Physiol J,52(1):62-72(in Chinese with English abstract)[李琳,于崧,蒋永超等(2016).芸豆苗期耐盐碱性鉴定及品种筛选研究.植物生理学报,52(1):62-72]
Li X(2013).Study on the comparison of the waterlogging stress resistance of four Oleaceae(dissertation).Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University(in Chinese with English abstract)[李雪(2013).木犀科四个树种耐水淹能力的比较研究(学位论文).长春:吉林农业大学]
Liao D,Chen J,Liu Q,et al(2017).Response of water-logging stress on cholorophyll content and anti-oxydant enzyme of Cyclobalanopsis glauca seedling provenances clone.J Cent South Univ For Technol,37(9):1-6(in Chinese with English abstract)[廖德志,陈家法,刘球等.水涝胁迫对不同种源青冈栎幼苗叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响.中南林业科技大学学报,37(9):1-6]
Liu C,Li ZT,Yang KJ,et al(2015).Effects of water stress and subsequent rehydration on physiological characteristics of maize(Zea mays)with different drought tolerance.Plant Physiol J,51(5):702-708(in Chinese with English abstract)[刘承,李佐同,杨克军等(2015).水分胁迫及复水对不同耐旱性玉米生理特性的影响.植物生理学报,51(5):702-708]
Luo Q,Zhang JL,Hao RM,et al(2007).Change of some physiological indexes of ten tree species under waterlogging stress and comparision of their waterlogging tolerance.J Plant Resour Environ,16(1):69-73(in Chinese with English abstract)[罗祺,张纪林,郝日明等(2007).水淹胁迫下10个树种某些生理指标的变化及其耐水淹能力的比较.植物资源与环境学报,16(1):69-73]
Rao WL,Zhang H,Zhang XW,et al(2015).Research progress of pharmacological actions of rhizoma Bletillae.Shanghai J Tradit Chin Med,49(8):91-93(in Chinese with English abstract)[饶文龙,张浩,张熹玮等(2015).白及药理作用研究进展.上海中医药杂志,49(8):91-93]
Ren FM,Liu Y,Li Y,et al(2016).Resource distribution and breedinig of medicinal plants in genus Bletilla Reichb.F.Chin Tradit Herb Drugs,47(24):4478-4487(in Chinese with English abstract)[任风鸣,刘艳,李滢等(2016).白及属药用植物的资源分布及繁育.中草药,47(24):4478-4487]
Shen HF,Zhao B(2018).Study on evaluation of heat tolerance and its physiological mechanisms in Rhododendron cultivars.Plant Physiol J,54(2):335-345(in Chinese with English abstract)[申惠翡,赵冰(2018).杜鹃花品种耐热性评价及其生理机制研究.植物生理学报,54(2):335-345]
Shi J(2010).Resources and Medicinal utilization of Bletilla(Orchidaceae)(dissertation).Haikou:Hainan University(in Chinese with English abstract)[石晶(2010).白芨属植物资源与利用(学位论文).海口:海南大学]
Shi Z,Xu Z,Fu Y,et al(2015).Study of rhizoma Bletillae fibrrous root alcohol extract on anti gastric ulcer.J Shaanxi Coll Tradit Chin Med,38(1):63-65,89(in Chinese with English abstract)[史珍珍,徐正虹,付宇航等(2015).白及须根醇提物抗胃溃疡作用研究.陕西中医学院学报,38(1):63-65,89]
Tong WP,Mu CL,Li YQ,et al(2013).A summary of waterlogging tolerance of plants.J Sichuang For Sci Technol,34(1):23-28(in Chinese with English abstract)[童伟平,慕长龙,黎燕琼等(2013).植物耐水湿性研究综述.四川林业科技,34(1):23-28]
Wang D,Zhao R,Liu H,et al(2017).The constituents,pharmacological action and clinical application of Bletilla striata.China Pharm,26(2):93-96(in Chinese with English abstract)[万大群,赵仁全,刘海等(2017).白及的成分、药理作用和临床应用研究进展.中国药业,26(2):93-96]
Wang XJ,Meng ML,Cao CM,et al(2018).Effects of water stress on physiological characteristics and endogenous hormone IAA and ABA contents in seedling root of potato.J Northeast Norm Univ-Nat Sci,50(2):103-109(in Chinese with English abstract)[王晓娇,蒙美莲,曹春梅等(2018).水分胁迫对马铃薯出苗期根系生理特性及内源激素IAA、ABA含量的影响.东北师大学报(自然科学版),50(2):103-109]
Wu J(2014).Genetic diversity AFLP analysis and identification of Bletilla(dissertation).Nanjing:Nanjing Normol University(in Chinese with English abstract)[吴劲松(2014).白及属植物AFLP遗传多样性分析及鉴定研究(学位论文).南京:南京师范大学]
Xu YH,Hou ZH,Zhang WY,et al(2015).Effects of 5-azacytidine and sodium butyrate on waterlogging tolerance during stage in barley.Guangdong Agr Sci,(24):26-30(in Chinese with English abstract)[徐延浩,侯泽豪,张文英等(2015).5-氮杂胞苷和丁酸钠对大麦苗期耐湿性的影响.广东农业科学,(24):26-30]
Yan Z,Liu G,Liu YC,et al(2018).Research progress on chemical constituents,pharmacological activities and quality evaluation of Bletilla striata.Guangzhou Chem Ind,46(16):42-44,48(in Chinese with English abstract)[颜智,刘刚,刘育辰等(2018).白及化学成分、药理活性及质量评价研究进展.广州化工,46(16):42-44,48]
Yang G(2017).Research on seedling establishment technique of Bletilla striata with seed liquid culture and the occurrence of protocorm-like bodies(dissertation).Xi’an:Shaanxi University of Technology(in Chinese with English abstract)[杨国鹏(2017).白及种子液体培养成苗技术及类原球茎发生研究(学位论文).西安:陕西理工大学]
Zhang SC,Yuan F,Guo JR,et al(2015).Comprehensive evaluation on salt-tolerance of Sorghum bicolor seedlings by subordinate function values analysis.Plant Physiol J,51(6):893-902(in Chinese with English abstract)[张士超,袁芳,郭建荣等(2015).利用隶属函数值法对甜高粱苗期耐盐性的综合评价.植物生理学报,51(6):893-902]
Zhang Y,Huang X,Chen Y(2009).Experimental Course of Plant Physiology.Beijing:Higher Education Press,129-139(in Chinese)[张以顺,黄霞,陈云凤(2009).植物生理学实验教程.北京:高等教育出版社,129-139]
Zhou GS,Mei FZ,Zhou ZQ,et al(2003).Comprehensive evaluation and forecast on physiological indices of waterlogging resistance of different wheat varieties,Sci Agr Sin,36(11):1378-1382(in Chinese with English abstract)[周广生,梅方竹,周竹青等(2003).小麦不同品种耐湿性生理指标综合评价及其预测.中国农业科学,36(11):1378-1382]
Chen QL,Yang GC,Cheng Q,et al(2017).Establishment of rapid propagation system on tissue culturing of Bletilla.Hubei Agr Sci,56(24):4807-4810(in Chinese with English abstract)[陈巧玲,杨国才,程群等(2017).白及组织培养的建立与快速繁殖研究.湖北农业科学,56(24):4807-4810]
Gong Y,Jing PF,Wei YK,et al(2014).Potential distribution of Bletilla striata(Orchidaceae)in China and its climate characteristics.Plant Divers Resour,36(2):237-244(in Chinese with English abstract)[龚晔,景鹏飞,魏宇昆等(2014).中国珍稀药用植物白及的潜在分布与其气候特征.植物分类与资源学报,36(2):237-244]
Gorai M,Neffati M(2011).Osmotic adjustment,water relations and growth attributes of the xero-halophyte Reaumuria vermiculata L.(Tamaricaceae)in response to salt stress.Acta Physiol Plant,33(4):1425-1433
Ji XM,Xu L,Xie YF,et al(2015).Effect of flooding stress on physiological adaption metabolism of two species of native herbage.Southwest China J Agr Sci,28(1):110-114(in Chinese with English abstract)[戢小梅,许林,谢焰锋等(2015).水涝胁迫下2种乡土草本植物生理特性的响应.西南农业学报,28(1):110-114]
Li L,Yu S,Jiang YC,et al(2016).Identification and screening of different kidney bean cultivars for saline-alkaline tolerance during seedling stage.Plant Physiol J,52(1):62-72(in Chinese with English abstract)[李琳,于崧,蒋永超等(2016).芸豆苗期耐盐碱性鉴定及品种筛选研究.植物生理学报,52(1):62-72]
Li X(2013).Study on the comparison of the waterlogging stress resistance of four Oleaceae(dissertation).Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University(in Chinese with English abstract)[李雪(2013).木犀科四个树种耐水淹能力的比较研究(学位论文).长春:吉林农业大学]
Liao D,Chen J,Liu Q,et al(2017).Response of water-logging stress on cholorophyll content and anti-oxydant enzyme of Cyclobalanopsis glauca seedling provenances clone.J Cent South Univ For Technol,37(9):1-6(in Chinese with English abstract)[廖德志,陈家法,刘球等.水涝胁迫对不同种源青冈栎幼苗叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响.中南林业科技大学学报,37(9):1-6]
Liu C,Li ZT,Yang KJ,et al(2015).Effects of water stress and subsequent rehydration on physiological characteristics of maize(Zea mays)with different drought tolerance.Plant Physiol J,51(5):702-708(in Chinese with English abstract)[刘承,李佐同,杨克军等(2015).水分胁迫及复水对不同耐旱性玉米生理特性的影响.植物生理学报,51(5):702-708]
Luo Q,Zhang JL,Hao RM,et al(2007).Change of some physiological indexes of ten tree species under waterlogging stress and comparision of their waterlogging tolerance.J Plant Resour Environ,16(1):69-73(in Chinese with English abstract)[罗祺,张纪林,郝日明等(2007).水淹胁迫下10个树种某些生理指标的变化及其耐水淹能力的比较.植物资源与环境学报,16(1):69-73]
Rao WL,Zhang H,Zhang XW,et al(2015).Research progress of pharmacological actions of rhizoma Bletillae.Shanghai J Tradit Chin Med,49(8):91-93(in Chinese with English abstract)[饶文龙,张浩,张熹玮等(2015).白及药理作用研究进展.上海中医药杂志,49(8):91-93]
Ren FM,Liu Y,Li Y,et al(2016).Resource distribution and breedinig of medicinal plants in genus Bletilla Reichb.F.Chin Tradit Herb Drugs,47(24):4478-4487(in Chinese with English abstract)[任风鸣,刘艳,李滢等(2016).白及属药用植物的资源分布及繁育.中草药,47(24):4478-4487]
Shen HF,Zhao B(2018).Study on evaluation of heat tolerance and its physiological mechanisms in Rhododendron cultivars.Plant Physiol J,54(2):335-345(in Chinese with English abstract)[申惠翡,赵冰(2018).杜鹃花品种耐热性评价及其生理机制研究.植物生理学报,54(2):335-345]
Shi J(2010).Resources and Medicinal utilization of Bletilla(Orchidaceae)(dissertation).Haikou:Hainan University(in Chinese with English abstract)[石晶(2010).白芨属植物资源与利用(学位论文).海口:海南大学]
Shi Z,Xu Z,Fu Y,et al(2015).Study of rhizoma Bletillae fibrrous root alcohol extract on anti gastric ulcer.J Shaanxi Coll Tradit Chin Med,38(1):63-65,89(in Chinese with English abstract)[史珍珍,徐正虹,付宇航等(2015).白及须根醇提物抗胃溃疡作用研究.陕西中医学院学报,38(1):63-65,89]
Tong WP,Mu CL,Li YQ,et al(2013).A summary of waterlogging tolerance of plants.J Sichuang For Sci Technol,34(1):23-28(in Chinese with English abstract)[童伟平,慕长龙,黎燕琼等(2013).植物耐水湿性研究综述.四川林业科技,34(1):23-28]
Wang D,Zhao R,Liu H,et al(2017).The constituents,pharmacological action and clinical application of Bletilla striata.China Pharm,26(2):93-96(in Chinese with English abstract)[万大群,赵仁全,刘海等(2017).白及的成分、药理作用和临床应用研究进展.中国药业,26(2):93-96]
Wang XJ,Meng ML,Cao CM,et al(2018).Effects of water stress on physiological characteristics and endogenous hormone IAA and ABA contents in seedling root of potato.J Northeast Norm Univ-Nat Sci,50(2):103-109(in Chinese with English abstract)[王晓娇,蒙美莲,曹春梅等(2018).水分胁迫对马铃薯出苗期根系生理特性及内源激素IAA、ABA含量的影响.东北师大学报(自然科学版),50(2):103-109]
Wu J(2014).Genetic diversity AFLP analysis and identification of Bletilla(dissertation).Nanjing:Nanjing Normol University(in Chinese with English abstract)[吴劲松(2014).白及属植物AFLP遗传多样性分析及鉴定研究(学位论文).南京:南京师范大学]
Xu YH,Hou ZH,Zhang WY,et al(2015).Effects of 5-azacytidine and sodium butyrate on waterlogging tolerance during stage in barley.Guangdong Agr Sci,(24):26-30(in Chinese with English abstract)[徐延浩,侯泽豪,张文英等(2015).5-氮杂胞苷和丁酸钠对大麦苗期耐湿性的影响.广东农业科学,(24):26-30]
Yan Z,Liu G,Liu YC,et al(2018).Research progress on chemical constituents,pharmacological activities and quality evaluation of Bletilla striata.Guangzhou Chem Ind,46(16):42-44,48(in Chinese with English abstract)[颜智,刘刚,刘育辰等(2018).白及化学成分、药理活性及质量评价研究进展.广州化工,46(16):42-44,48]
Yang G(2017).Research on seedling establishment technique of Bletilla striata with seed liquid culture and the occurrence of protocorm-like bodies(dissertation).Xi’an:Shaanxi University of Technology(in Chinese with English abstract)[杨国鹏(2017).白及种子液体培养成苗技术及类原球茎发生研究(学位论文).西安:陕西理工大学]
Zhang SC,Yuan F,Guo JR,et al(2015).Comprehensive evaluation on salt-tolerance of Sorghum bicolor seedlings by subordinate function values analysis.Plant Physiol J,51(6):893-902(in Chinese with English abstract)[张士超,袁芳,郭建荣等(2015).利用隶属函数值法对甜高粱苗期耐盐性的综合评价.植物生理学报,51(6):893-902]
Zhang Y,Huang X,Chen Y(2009).Experimental Course of Plant Physiology.Beijing:Higher Education Press,129-139(in Chinese)[张以顺,黄霞,陈云凤(2009).植物生理学实验教程.北京:高等教育出版社,129-139]
Zhou GS,Mei FZ,Zhou ZQ,et al(2003).Comprehensive evaluation and forecast on physiological indices of waterlogging resistance of different wheat varieties,Sci Agr Sin,36(11):1378-1382(in Chinese with English abstract)[周广生,梅方竹,周竹青等(2003).小麦不同品种耐湿性生理指标综合评价及其预测.中国农业科学,36(11):1378-1382]