动态发射率与辐射亮度同时测量实验中的时间精确同步技术
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摘要
分析了轻气炮实验中飞片速度漂移带来的冲击波到达样品/窗口界面时刻漂移问题、主要影响因素以及动态发射率与辐射亮度同时测量实验中的时序要求,采用镀膜光纤探针作为同时测量实验中动态发射率测量照明光源的触发装置,设计了光纤探针-样品之间的距离,并对设计余量进行了简单分析,解决了同时测量实验中的时间精确同步问题。在2发动态考核实验中,设计的飞片速度为4.1km/s,实测飞片速度漂移量分别为70和210m/s,动态发射率测量信号按照实验预期叠加在了样品/窗口界面热辐射信号平台之上,时序控制能够满足动态发射率与辐射亮度同时测量实验中的时间精确同步要求。
In this paper we analyzed the shock wave breakout time shift at the sample/window due to the flyer velocity shift and the time sequence relationship in the simultaneous measurement of the dynamic emissivity and the radiance.Then,we designed the fiber pins with a total reflection coating film at their edges to trigger the illumination pulse laser.The distance between the fiber pins and the sample was designed elaborately and the design residue was analyzed briefly.In the tests of two shots,the expected flyer velocity was 4.1 km/s and the measured velocity shift of the flyer was 70 m/s and210 m/s respectively,but the dynamic emissivity signals were successfully superimposed on the thermal radiation of the sample/window interface at the time expected,and the time sequence controlling satisfied the demand of the simultaneous measurement experiments.
In this paper we analyzed the shock wave breakout time shift at the sample/window due to the flyer velocity shift and the time sequence relationship in the simultaneous measurement of the dynamic emissivity and the radiance.Then,we designed the fiber pins with a total reflection coating film at their edges to trigger the illumination pulse laser.The distance between the fiber pins and the sample was designed elaborately and the design residue was analyzed briefly.In the tests of two shots,the expected flyer velocity was 4.1 km/s and the measured velocity shift of the flyer was 70 m/s and210 m/s respectively,but the dynamic emissivity signals were successfully superimposed on the thermal radiation of the sample/window interface at the time expected,and the time sequence controlling satisfied the demand of the simultaneous measurement experiments.
引文
[1]谭华.实验冲击波物理导引[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2007.TAN H.Introduction to experimental shock wave physics[M].Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,2007.
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[3]LYZENGA G A,AHRENS T J.Multiwavelength optical pyrometer for shock compression experiments[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1979,50(11):1421-1424.
[4]RADOUSKY H B,MITCHELL A C.A fast UV/visible pyrometer for shock temperature measurements to 20 000K[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1989,60(12):3707-3780.
[5]HOLMES N C.Fiber-coupled optical pyrometer for shock wave studies[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1995,66(3):2615-2618.
[6]FAT'YANOV O V,ASIMOW P D.Contributed review:absolute spectral radiance calibration of fiber-optic shock-temperature pyrometers using a coiled-coil irradiance standard lamp[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2015,86(10):229-276.
[7]SEIFTER A,GROVER M,HOLTKAMP D B,et al.Emissivity measurements of shocked tin using a multi-wavelength integrating sphere[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2011,110(9):093508.
[8]TURLY W D,HOLTKAMP D B,VEER L R,et al.Infrared emissivity of tin upon release of a 25GPa shock into a lithium fluoride window[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2011,110(10):103510.
[9]LA LONE B M,STEVENS G D,TURLY W D,et al.Release path temperature of shock-compressed tin from dynamic reflectance and radiance measurements[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2013,114(6):063506.
[10]WEN C D.Emissivity characteristics of aluminum alloy surfaces and assessment of multispectral radiation thermometry emissivity models[D].West Lafayette,IN:Purdue University,2005.
[11]POULSEN P,HARE D E.Temperature and emissivity of a shocked surface:a first experiment:UCRL-ID-146845[R].Livermore,CA:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,2002.
[12]CAZAMIAS J U,HARE D E,POULSEN P.Progress in infrared pyrometery measurements of shocked solids:UCRL-JC-146049[R].Livermore,CA:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,2001.
[13]KONDO K,SAWAOKA A,SAITO S.Magnetoflyer method for measuring gas-gun projectile velocities[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1997,48(12):1581-1582.
[14]施尚春,陈攀森,黄跃.高速弹丸的磁感应测速方法[J].高压物理学报,1991,5(3):205-214.SHI S C,CHEN P S,HUANG Y.Velocity measurement of magnet induced system for projectile[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,1991,5(3):205-214.
[15]史有程,刘风琴.一个测量气炮弹丸速度的激光测量装置[J].爆炸与冲击,1986(1):73-81.SHI Y C,LIU F Q.A laser system for measuring the projectile velocity in gas gan[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1986(1):73-81.
[2]KORMER S B,SINTISYN M V,KILILLOV G A,et al.Experimental determination of temperature in shock-compressed NaCl and KCl and of their melting curves at pressures up to 700kbar[J].Soviet Journal of Experimental&Theoretical Physics,1965,21(4):689.
[3]LYZENGA G A,AHRENS T J.Multiwavelength optical pyrometer for shock compression experiments[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1979,50(11):1421-1424.
[4]RADOUSKY H B,MITCHELL A C.A fast UV/visible pyrometer for shock temperature measurements to 20 000K[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1989,60(12):3707-3780.
[5]HOLMES N C.Fiber-coupled optical pyrometer for shock wave studies[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1995,66(3):2615-2618.
[6]FAT'YANOV O V,ASIMOW P D.Contributed review:absolute spectral radiance calibration of fiber-optic shock-temperature pyrometers using a coiled-coil irradiance standard lamp[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2015,86(10):229-276.
[7]SEIFTER A,GROVER M,HOLTKAMP D B,et al.Emissivity measurements of shocked tin using a multi-wavelength integrating sphere[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2011,110(9):093508.
[8]TURLY W D,HOLTKAMP D B,VEER L R,et al.Infrared emissivity of tin upon release of a 25GPa shock into a lithium fluoride window[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2011,110(10):103510.
[9]LA LONE B M,STEVENS G D,TURLY W D,et al.Release path temperature of shock-compressed tin from dynamic reflectance and radiance measurements[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2013,114(6):063506.
[10]WEN C D.Emissivity characteristics of aluminum alloy surfaces and assessment of multispectral radiation thermometry emissivity models[D].West Lafayette,IN:Purdue University,2005.
[11]POULSEN P,HARE D E.Temperature and emissivity of a shocked surface:a first experiment:UCRL-ID-146845[R].Livermore,CA:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,2002.
[12]CAZAMIAS J U,HARE D E,POULSEN P.Progress in infrared pyrometery measurements of shocked solids:UCRL-JC-146049[R].Livermore,CA:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,2001.
[13]KONDO K,SAWAOKA A,SAITO S.Magnetoflyer method for measuring gas-gun projectile velocities[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1997,48(12):1581-1582.
[14]施尚春,陈攀森,黄跃.高速弹丸的磁感应测速方法[J].高压物理学报,1991,5(3):205-214.SHI S C,CHEN P S,HUANG Y.Velocity measurement of magnet induced system for projectile[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,1991,5(3):205-214.
[15]史有程,刘风琴.一个测量气炮弹丸速度的激光测量装置[J].爆炸与冲击,1986(1):73-81.SHI Y C,LIU F Q.A laser system for measuring the projectile velocity in gas gan[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1986(1):73-81.