世界可再生能源发展态势
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摘要
近年来,世界可再生能源产业持续高速发展,其发展规模及在能源消费结构中的占比已超越以往的部分预测。2017年,可再生能源在世界一次能源消费总量中占比18.2%,其中现代可再生能源占10.4%。可再生能源主要从电力、交通燃料等方面替代化石燃料。自2014年开始,全球每年可再生能源新增发电装机容量均超过煤炭发电和天然气发电新增容量之和。全球发电装机容量中有26.5%来自可再生能源,其中风力发电和太阳能光伏发电占据主导地位。风力发电整体生产成本最具竞争力,光伏发电在2010—2017年期间成本下降最快。地热利用和生物燃料技术进步缓慢,发展规模稳定,产能增长缓慢。世界可再生能源产业投资规模近年呈现波动性增长,研发投入在全部投资中所占比重减小,并购趋于活跃,反映了产业逐步走向成熟的趋势。
Global renewable energy industry has been under sustainable and rapid development in recent years. The scale of this industrial development and its proportion to energy consumption are beyond some of the previous forecasts. In 2017, renewables accounted for 18.2 percent of the world's total primary energy consumption, of which modern renewables made up for 10.4 percent. Renewables replace fossil fuels mainly in the areas of power and transport fuels. The world's annual renewable generating capacity additions has exceeded the combined capacity additions of coal and natural gas power generation since 2014. Renewables accounted for 26.5 percent of global installed generating capacity, of which wind power and solar photovoltaic power are dominant. Wind power is most competitive in terms of overall production cost. The cost of photovoltaic power generation declined fastest between 2010 and 2017. Technological development in the areas of geothermal energy and biofuels was slow and the productivity grew slowly too. Investment in global renewable energy industry has fluctuated in recent years. The proportion of R&D input to the total investment was reduced, while mergers and acquisitions became more and more active in this area, reflecting the trend of maturity for the renewable energy industry.
Global renewable energy industry has been under sustainable and rapid development in recent years. The scale of this industrial development and its proportion to energy consumption are beyond some of the previous forecasts. In 2017, renewables accounted for 18.2 percent of the world's total primary energy consumption, of which modern renewables made up for 10.4 percent. Renewables replace fossil fuels mainly in the areas of power and transport fuels. The world's annual renewable generating capacity additions has exceeded the combined capacity additions of coal and natural gas power generation since 2014. Renewables accounted for 26.5 percent of global installed generating capacity, of which wind power and solar photovoltaic power are dominant. Wind power is most competitive in terms of overall production cost. The cost of photovoltaic power generation declined fastest between 2010 and 2017. Technological development in the areas of geothermal energy and biofuels was slow and the productivity grew slowly too. Investment in global renewable energy industry has fluctuated in recent years. The proportion of R&D input to the total investment was reduced, while mergers and acquisitions became more and more active in this area, reflecting the trend of maturity for the renewable energy industry.
引文
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