食管癌高发区农村居民对食管癌认知情况的调查分析
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摘要
目的了解食管癌高发区农村居民对食管癌相关知识的认知现状,为食管癌预防及早诊早治提供依据。方法采用自制问卷,于2017年7月4日至7月12日对食管癌高发区四川省盐亭县黄甸、富驿、两河3个乡镇农村居民的食管癌认知情况及影响认知情况的相关因素进行调查,并对调查结果进行统计学分析。结果参与调查的3个乡镇农村居民共1 007人,有效问卷937份,有效率为93.0%。其中21~39、40~59、60~79、≥80岁者分别占22.3%、34.9%、38.8%和4.0%。居民的文化程度普遍较低,文化程度为小学及以下、初中者分别占47.9%和32.7%人。了解和清楚"知道食管癌、当地是高发区、食管癌诱因、主要症状、治疗措施、预防措施和政府的干预措施"的分别占21.2%、15.5%、12.8%、14.9%、8.4%、9.0%和7.9%。不同文化程度对是否知道食管癌、食管癌的诱因、治疗措施和预防措施方面的认知差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),有文化程度越高知晓率越高的趋势;对主要症状方面的认知差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。非务农人群对食管癌和食管癌诱因方面的知晓率显著高于务农人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组人群对主要症状、治疗措施和预防措施方面的认知差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄段居民对食管癌相关知识的认知差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论盐亭县农村居民对食管癌认知的总体水平仍较低,当地政府和疾控预防中心需加大宣传力度,以促进食管癌相关知识的普及,对高发区食管癌预防及早诊早治有重要意义。
Objective To understand the prevalence of esophageal cancer-related knowledge of rural residents in high incidence area,and to provide evidence for the prevention,early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.Methods A self-made questionnaire was used to evaluate the cognitive status and influence of esophageal cancer among rural residents from 3 villages and towns which are high incidence areas of esophageal cancer in Huangdian,Fuyi and Lianghe of Sichuan province from July 4 to July 12.Results A total of 1 007 rural residents participated in the survey.There were 937 valid questionnaires with an effective rate of 93.0%.Among them,21 to 39,40 to 59,60 to 79 and 80 years old accounted for 22.3%,34.9%,38.8% and 4.0%respectively.Residents generally have a low level of education,with a minimum level of education and junior middle school education,accounting for47.9%and 32.7%respectively.Residents who have heard of esophageal cancer,known that they live in high incidence area,and have the knowledge of incentives of the cancer,main symptoms,treatment measures,preventive measures and government intervention accounted for 21.2%,15.5%,12.8%,14.9%,8.4%,9.0% and 7.9% respectively.There were significant differences in the cognitive abilities of esophageal cancer,treatment measures and preventive measures with different educational level(P <0.05),the higher the educational level,the higher the awareness rate.The awareness rate of non-agricultural population on the cause of esophageal cancer was significantly higher than that of farmers,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).But there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the main symptoms,treatment measures,and preventive measure(P>0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the cognition of esophageal cancer in different age groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Yan Ting rural residents'cognition on esophageal cancer overall is still low,and the local government and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention should intensify publicity and promote the esophageal cancer related knowledge,which can help to do prevention,early diagnosis and treatment of the cancer.
Objective To understand the prevalence of esophageal cancer-related knowledge of rural residents in high incidence area,and to provide evidence for the prevention,early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.Methods A self-made questionnaire was used to evaluate the cognitive status and influence of esophageal cancer among rural residents from 3 villages and towns which are high incidence areas of esophageal cancer in Huangdian,Fuyi and Lianghe of Sichuan province from July 4 to July 12.Results A total of 1 007 rural residents participated in the survey.There were 937 valid questionnaires with an effective rate of 93.0%.Among them,21 to 39,40 to 59,60 to 79 and 80 years old accounted for 22.3%,34.9%,38.8% and 4.0%respectively.Residents generally have a low level of education,with a minimum level of education and junior middle school education,accounting for47.9%and 32.7%respectively.Residents who have heard of esophageal cancer,known that they live in high incidence area,and have the knowledge of incentives of the cancer,main symptoms,treatment measures,preventive measures and government intervention accounted for 21.2%,15.5%,12.8%,14.9%,8.4%,9.0% and 7.9% respectively.There were significant differences in the cognitive abilities of esophageal cancer,treatment measures and preventive measures with different educational level(P <0.05),the higher the educational level,the higher the awareness rate.The awareness rate of non-agricultural population on the cause of esophageal cancer was significantly higher than that of farmers,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).But there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the main symptoms,treatment measures,and preventive measure(P>0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the cognition of esophageal cancer in different age groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Yan Ting rural residents'cognition on esophageal cancer overall is still low,and the local government and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention should intensify publicity and promote the esophageal cancer related knowledge,which can help to do prevention,early diagnosis and treatment of the cancer.
引文
1张绍岚,常堂喜,刘红旗.食管癌患者生病质量及其影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2010,30(11):3081-3082.
2 肖萍,陶德明,黄承钰,等.食管癌高发区居民膳食结构分析[J].现代预防医学,2006,33(3):393-395.
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6 林小婷,陈茹梅,符之武,等.海口市食管癌高危人群肿瘤防治知识知晓情况[J].中国老年学杂志,2015,35(4):1066-1067.
7 朱俊宇,刘小娥,王岩,等.新疆食管癌高发区城市社区居民食管癌防治知识的现状调查[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(6):555-575.
8 田东,贺巧,王洋.食管癌高发区农村居民饮食状况及对食管癌认知调查[J].川北医学院学报,2010,25(5):470-473.
9 邵壮,魏文强,王贵齐,等.在食管癌高危人群中进行早诊早治的认知调查[J].实用肿瘤杂志,2002,17(1):68-70.
10 杨忠明.林州市城乡居民肿瘤知识及肿瘤科普需求调查[J].中国健康教育,2008,24(5):359-364.
11 夏隐,谭宇婷,范婉秋,等.544名西昌市居民生活意识及习惯、对常见疾病认知度的调查与分析[J].中国医学创新,2013,10(23):83-85.
12 邱惠,冯长艳,何美,等.重庆市沙坪坝区居民肿瘤相关知识与态度的调查[J].重庆医学,2012,41(18):1846-1847.
13 胡克霞.2008年东营市城镇居民癌症防治知识调查[J].预防医学论坛,2010,16(6):508-510.
14 林芳,邹小平.社区开展预防肿瘤健康教育的效果评价[J].中国卫生事业管理,2010,8(1):517-518.
2 肖萍,陶德明,黄承钰,等.食管癌高发区居民膳食结构分析[J].现代预防医学,2006,33(3):393-395.
3 Myers RE,Wolf TA,McKee L,et al.Factors associated with intention to undergo annual prostate cancer screening among African American men in Philadelphia[J].Cancer,1996,78(3):471-479.
4 于正洪,王苏莉.老年人恶性肿瘤研究进展[J].现代肿瘤医学,2009,17(7):1357-1359.
5 于晓,刘玉玲,李晓莉,等.新密市2134名妇女癌症综合防治知识问卷调查分析[J].中国肿瘤,2009,18(10):798-799.
6 林小婷,陈茹梅,符之武,等.海口市食管癌高危人群肿瘤防治知识知晓情况[J].中国老年学杂志,2015,35(4):1066-1067.
7 朱俊宇,刘小娥,王岩,等.新疆食管癌高发区城市社区居民食管癌防治知识的现状调查[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(6):555-575.
8 田东,贺巧,王洋.食管癌高发区农村居民饮食状况及对食管癌认知调查[J].川北医学院学报,2010,25(5):470-473.
9 邵壮,魏文强,王贵齐,等.在食管癌高危人群中进行早诊早治的认知调查[J].实用肿瘤杂志,2002,17(1):68-70.
10 杨忠明.林州市城乡居民肿瘤知识及肿瘤科普需求调查[J].中国健康教育,2008,24(5):359-364.
11 夏隐,谭宇婷,范婉秋,等.544名西昌市居民生活意识及习惯、对常见疾病认知度的调查与分析[J].中国医学创新,2013,10(23):83-85.
12 邱惠,冯长艳,何美,等.重庆市沙坪坝区居民肿瘤相关知识与态度的调查[J].重庆医学,2012,41(18):1846-1847.
13 胡克霞.2008年东营市城镇居民癌症防治知识调查[J].预防医学论坛,2010,16(6):508-510.
14 林芳,邹小平.社区开展预防肿瘤健康教育的效果评价[J].中国卫生事业管理,2010,8(1):517-518.