激光雷达探测信号数据融合算法
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摘要
提出基于二次多项式拟合的数据融合算法用于激光雷达信号探测.充分考虑模拟探测和光子计数的非线性关系,选择有效增大数据融合区间;分析云对区间内的模拟探测和光子计数数据质量的影响并进行质量控制,获得稳定的融合系数;同时利用模拟探测和光子计数的非线性关系校正脉冲堆积引入光子计数信号的非线性误差.以直接探测多普勒激光雷达为例,开展与探空气球的同步对比实验.结果显示:本文算法较之现有商用算法,风速相关系数从0.8提高到0.85,均方根误差从3.37 m/s降低至2.41 m/s,偏差从0.60 m/s降低至0.06 m/s,证明改进后的融合算法能够有效提高直接探测多普勒激光雷达风场探测的精度,可更好地应用于大气探测激光雷达的远场和近场信号的融合处理.
A data gluing method of quadratic polynomial fitting for lidar signal detection is proposed referring to the small gluing region and singular points. The data gluing region is extended to fully take the non-linear relationship between analog-to-digital and photon counting into account. The influence of cloud height on data quality is analyzed and the quality control is implemented to obtain stable gluing coefficient. The pile-up photon counting data is corrected according to the computational non-linear relationship between analog-to-digital and photon counting data. The synchronous comparison experiment between direct-detection Doppler lidar and balloon was carried out to verify this modified gluing method. The result shows that correlation coefficient increases from 0. 80 to 0. 85,the root mean square error decreased from 3. 37 m/s to 2. 41 m/s,and the deviation decreased from 0. 60 m/s to 0. 06 m/s. The result demonstrates that the modified gluing method could improve the accuracy of wind field detected by direct-detection Doppler lidar and is useful for atmosphere detection lidar to glue far-field and near-field signal.
A data gluing method of quadratic polynomial fitting for lidar signal detection is proposed referring to the small gluing region and singular points. The data gluing region is extended to fully take the non-linear relationship between analog-to-digital and photon counting into account. The influence of cloud height on data quality is analyzed and the quality control is implemented to obtain stable gluing coefficient. The pile-up photon counting data is corrected according to the computational non-linear relationship between analog-to-digital and photon counting data. The synchronous comparison experiment between direct-detection Doppler lidar and balloon was carried out to verify this modified gluing method. The result shows that correlation coefficient increases from 0. 80 to 0. 85,the root mean square error decreased from 3. 37 m/s to 2. 41 m/s,and the deviation decreased from 0. 60 m/s to 0. 06 m/s. The result demonstrates that the modified gluing method could improve the accuracy of wind field detected by direct-detection Doppler lidar and is useful for atmosphere detection lidar to glue far-field and near-field signal.
引文
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[16]LIU Bing-yi,LIU Zhi-shen,SONG Xiao-quan,et al.Modifications and moving measurements of mobile doppler LIDAR[C].DLR:ESA-MOST DRAGON 2 Mid Term Results Symposium,2010,684:33-34.
[2]NEWSOM R K,TURNER D D,MIELKE B,et al.Simultaneous analog andphoton counting detection for Raman lidar[J].Applied Optics,2009,48(20):3903-3914.
[3]WHITEMAN D N,DEMOZ B,DIGIROLAMO P,et al.Raman lidar measurements during the international H2O project.2;instrument comparisons and case studies[J].Journal of Atmospheric&Oceanic Technology,2006,23(2):170-183.
[4]WALKER M,VENABLE D,WHITEMAN D N.Gluing for Raman lidar systems using the lamp mapping technique[J].Applied Optics,2014,53(36):8535-8543.
[5]ZHANG Yun-peng,YI Fan,KONG Wei,et al.Slope characterization in combining analog and photon count data from atmospheric lidar measurements.[J].Applied Optics,2014,53(31):7312-7320.
[6]LIU Zhi-shen,LI Zhi-gang,LIU Bing-yi,et al.Analysis of saturation signal correction of the troposphere lidar[J].Chinese Optics Letters,2009,7(11):1051-1054.
[7]DARLAND E J,LEROI G E,ENKE C G.Pulse(photon)counting:determination of optimum measurement system parameters[J].Analytical Chemistry,1979,51(2):240-245.
[8]INGLE J D,CROUCH S R.Pulse overlap effects on linearity and signal-to-noise ratio in photon counting systems[J].Analytical Chemistry,1972,44(4):777-784.
[9]ASH K C,PIEPMEIER E H.Double beam photon counting photometer with dead time compensation[J].Analytical Chemistry,1971,43(1):26-34.
[10]OMOTE K.Dead-time effects in photon counting distributions[J].Nuclear Instruments&Methods in Physics Research,1990,293(3):582-588.
[11]SRINIVASAN S K.Dead-time effects in photon counting statistics[J].Journal of Physics A Mathematical General,1978,11(11):2333.
[12]WANG Zhong-kun,ZHANG Yin-chao,CHEN He.Saturation correction near the ground for pure rotational Raman lidar[J].Optical Engineering,2015,54(1):014107.
[13]KOLB K.Signal-to-noise ratio of Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode single-photon counting detectors[J].Optical Engineering,2014,53(8):081904.
[14]YANG Zi-jian,CHEN Feng,LI Chao,et al.Transient effect of dead time of photon-counting in micro-pulse lidar[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2015,23(2):408-414.杨子健,陈锋,李抄,等.微脉冲激光雷达中的光子计数死区时间瞬态效应[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(2):408-414.
[15]LIU Zhi-shen,LIU Bing-yi,WU Song-hua,et al.High spatial and temporal resolution mobile incoherent Doppler lidar for sea surface wind measurements[J].Optics letters,2008,33(13):1485-1487.
[16]LIU Bing-yi,LIU Zhi-shen,SONG Xiao-quan,et al.Modifications and moving measurements of mobile doppler LIDAR[C].DLR:ESA-MOST DRAGON 2 Mid Term Results Symposium,2010,684:33-34.