新医改以来我国社区卫生服务中心卫生人力资源配置现状分析
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摘要
目的了解新医改以来我国社区卫生服务中心卫生人力资源配置现状和问题,为我国合理配置社区卫生人力资源提供依据。方法运用描述性分析方法分析我国社区卫生服务中心人力资源的数量、结构,利用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数分析我国社区卫生服务中心人力资源分布的公平性。结果 2009-2015年,我国社区卫生服务中心卫生人员以省为单位的东、中、西部地区卫生服务中心卫生技术人员Gini系数从0. 331 1下降到0. 294 6;社区卫生人员数量有所增加,新增卫生人员291. 24万人,其中社区卫生人员20. 97万人,占新增卫生人员的7. 2%;2015年社区卫生服务中心执业(助理)医师本科及以上学历占比为39. 8%,医护比从2009年的1. 4改善为2015年的1. 2。结论新医改以来,我国社区卫生服务中心人才队伍总的来说向好的趋势变化,我国东、中、西部社区卫生服务中心的卫生人员分布公平上存在的差异在逐步缩小,但仍存在人员数量不足、学历、职称、医护比结构失衡问题。
Objective To investigate the current status and problems of health human resource allocation in community health service centers in China since the new medical reform,and to provide a basis for rational allocation of community health human resources. Methods Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the quantity and structure of human resources in community health service centers in China. The Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were employed to analyze the fairness of human resource distribution in community health service centers in China. Results From 2009 to 2015,the Gini coefficient of medical professionals in community health service centers of the eastern,central and western regions of China in terms of provinces as units decreased from 0.331,1 to 0.294,6. The number of medical professionals increased by 2,912,400,among which 209,700 were community medical professionals,accounting for 7.2% of the new health workforce. In 2015,39.8% practitioners in community health service centers had undergraduate and above educational background. The ratio of doctors to nurses dropped from 1.4 in 2009 to1. 2 in 2015. Conclusions Since the new medical reform,the talents of community health service centers in China have generally changed toward a good trend. The differences in the distribution of medical professionals in community health service centers in the eastern,central and western regions of China are gradually narrowing,but the number of the personnel is still insufficient,and the structure imbalance in aspect to educational background,job title as well as doctor-to-nurse ratio still exists.
Objective To investigate the current status and problems of health human resource allocation in community health service centers in China since the new medical reform,and to provide a basis for rational allocation of community health human resources. Methods Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the quantity and structure of human resources in community health service centers in China. The Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were employed to analyze the fairness of human resource distribution in community health service centers in China. Results From 2009 to 2015,the Gini coefficient of medical professionals in community health service centers of the eastern,central and western regions of China in terms of provinces as units decreased from 0.331,1 to 0.294,6. The number of medical professionals increased by 2,912,400,among which 209,700 were community medical professionals,accounting for 7.2% of the new health workforce. In 2015,39.8% practitioners in community health service centers had undergraduate and above educational background. The ratio of doctors to nurses dropped from 1.4 in 2009 to1. 2 in 2015. Conclusions Since the new medical reform,the talents of community health service centers in China have generally changed toward a good trend. The differences in the distribution of medical professionals in community health service centers in the eastern,central and western regions of China are gradually narrowing,but the number of the personnel is still insufficient,and the structure imbalance in aspect to educational background,job title as well as doctor-to-nurse ratio still exists.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国卫生部.《医药卫生中长期人才发展规划(2011-2020年)》的通知(卫人发〔2011〕15号)[EB/OL].(2011-04-28)[2018-05-15]. http://www. moh. gov. cn/renshi/s3573/201104/ff5e914696cb461f9b8353a463198f54. shtml.
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[6]段勇,孙振球.我国基层卫生人才队伍现状、问题与对策[J].实用预防医学,2010,17(4):813-814.
[2]葛万龙,王国华,李翠,等.我国卫生人力资源现状研究[J].中国医院管理,2009,29(1):52-54.
[3]王芳,朱晓丽,丁雪.我国基层卫生人力资源配置现状及公平性分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2012,29(2):108-110.
[4]戴龙,张金华,兰智.厦门市社区卫生服务机构人力资源现况调查[J].实用预防医学,2009,16(5):1648-1650.
[5]朱晓丽,陈庆琨,杨顺心.新一轮医改以来我国基层卫生人力资源现状及问题分析[J].中国卫生政策研究,2015,8(1):57-62.
[6]段勇,孙振球.我国基层卫生人才队伍现状、问题与对策[J].实用预防医学,2010,17(4):813-814.