基于改进IDA的混凝土坝地震易损性研究
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摘要
针对目前混凝土坝易损性分析研究中震害等级划分多采用单一指标以及增量动力分析法(IDA)中选取步长增量时未考虑结构响应等问题,本文提出基于改进IDA的混凝土坝易损性分析方法:首先采用功效系数法以位移、应力、损伤区域为指标对坝体结构破坏进行综合评价,并应用变权模型考虑指标数值对指标权重的影响;然后通过计算得到的坝体综合破坏指数,根据坝体震害等级划分采用变增量步长法改进IDA法,从而可以更加全面地计算分析坝体在不同强度地震作用下从弹性状态到完全破坏的结构响应过程;最后,以某混凝土坝挡水坝段为例,建立有限元模型计算结构地震响应,应用改进IDA法绘制其地震易损性曲线.结果表明,该方法可以分析坝体结构在不同地震强度作用下产生各个等级破坏的概率,进而为混凝土坝结构抗震安全设计等提供理论依据.
In existing study of seismic vulnerability of concrete dams, the classification of seismic damage degrees was based on single index and the incremental step length in IDA analysis failed to consider the structural responses. In this study, a seismic vulnerability analysis method of concrete dams based on improved IDA method is proposed. To begin with, the comprehensive damage index of the dam is calculated using the efficiency coefficient method, considering the indexes of crest displacement, stress and damage area,and the variable weight model is adopted to consider the influence of index value on the index weight. In addition, the IDA method is improved by modulating incremental step length based on obtained comprehensive damage indexes and damage degree classification,so that the structural response process of a dam from elastic state to complete failure can be calculated and analyzed more comprehensively. Finally, taking one block section of a concrete dam as an example, the finite element model is established, and the seismic fragility curve is plotted utilizing the improved IDA method. The results prove that this method can be used to analyze the failure probability of concrete dams under different earthquake intensity, and can provide theoretical basis for the seismic safety design of concrete dams.
In existing study of seismic vulnerability of concrete dams, the classification of seismic damage degrees was based on single index and the incremental step length in IDA analysis failed to consider the structural responses. In this study, a seismic vulnerability analysis method of concrete dams based on improved IDA method is proposed. To begin with, the comprehensive damage index of the dam is calculated using the efficiency coefficient method, considering the indexes of crest displacement, stress and damage area,and the variable weight model is adopted to consider the influence of index value on the index weight. In addition, the IDA method is improved by modulating incremental step length based on obtained comprehensive damage indexes and damage degree classification,so that the structural response process of a dam from elastic state to complete failure can be calculated and analyzed more comprehensively. Finally, taking one block section of a concrete dam as an example, the finite element model is established, and the seismic fragility curve is plotted utilizing the improved IDA method. The results prove that this method can be used to analyze the failure probability of concrete dams under different earthquake intensity, and can provide theoretical basis for the seismic safety design of concrete dams.
引文
1 Abdelhamid H, Mahmoud B, Hussein M. Seismic fragility and uncertainty analysis of concrete gravity dams under near-fault ground motions.Civil Environ Res, 2013, 5:27–30
2 钟红,李晓燕,林皋.基于破坏形态的重力坝地震易损性研究.大连理工大学学报, 2012, 52:60–65
3 马智勇,张伟,周强,等.基于位移的重力坝地震易损性分析方法.振动与冲击, 2017, 36:51–58
4 Wang D S, Zhang L J, Xu J J, et al. Seismic stability safety evaluation of gravity dam with shear strength reduction method. Water Sci Eng, 2009,2 :52–60
5 Cen W, Wen L, Zhang Z, et al. Numerical simulation of seismic damage and cracking of concrete slabs of high concrete face rockfill dams. Water Sci Eng, 2016, 9:205–211
6 Jiang S Y, Du C B. Seismic stability analysis of concrete gravity dams with penetrated cracks. Water Sci Eng, 2012, 5:105–119
7 Xiong K, Weng Y H, He Y L. Seismic failure modes and seismic safety of Hardfill dam. Water Sci Eng, 2013, 6:199–214
8 王超,张社荣,黎曼,等.基于损伤指数模型的重力坝地震破坏等级划分.地震工程与工程振动, 2014, 34:218–226
9 Cervera M, Oliver J, Faria R. Seismic evaluation of concrete dams via continuum damage models. Earthquake Engng Struct Dyn, 1995, 24:1225–1245
10 Horii H, Chen S C. Computational fracture analysis of concrete gravity dams by crack-embedded elements––toward an engineering evaluation of seismic safety. Eng Fract Mech, 2003, 70:1029–1045
11 沈怀至.基于性能的混凝土坝—地基系统地震破损分析与风险评价.博士学位论文.北京:清华大学, 2007
12 Yazdani Y, Alembagheri M. Seismic vulnerability of gravity dams in near-fault areas. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng, 2017, 102:15–24
13 马晓方,钱夫中,成维一,等.电子政务工程项目绩效审计中功效系数法的应用实践.审计研究, 2016, 1:39–44
14 陈顺满,吴爱祥,王贻明,等.基于粗糙集和改进功效系数法的岩体质量评价.华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 46:36–41
15 李云涛,晏华,余荣升,等.基于功效系数法的复合相变材料综合性能评价研究.材料导报, 2017, 31:135–139
16 李明,陈卫忠,杨建平,等.基于功效系数法的隧道结构健康监测系统预警研究.岩土力学, 2015, 36:729–736
17 李德清,曾文艺.变权决策中均衡函数均衡效果.系统工程理论与实践, 2016, 36:712–718
18 李德清,崔红梅,李洪兴.基于层次变权的多因素决策.系统工程学报, 2004, 19:258–263
19 Vamvatsikos D, Cornell C A. Incremental dynamic analysis. Earthquake Engng Struct Dyn, 2002, 31:491–514
20 李文博.基于IDA方法的RC框架结构地震易损性分析研究.硕士学位论文.西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2012
21 王海良,张铎,刘中宪.基于IDA钢管混凝土桁架连续曲线桥抗震易损性分析.防灾减灾工程学报, 2017, 37:39–48
22 谢荣晖,吴学平,吴雅佩.基于TOPSIS变权模糊模型的混凝土坝结构安全评价.水力发电, 2016, 42:68–71
23 Goodman J. Structural fragility and principle of maximum entropy. Struct Saf, 1985, 3:37–46
1)PEER Strong Motion Database. http://peer.berkeley.edu.
2 钟红,李晓燕,林皋.基于破坏形态的重力坝地震易损性研究.大连理工大学学报, 2012, 52:60–65
3 马智勇,张伟,周强,等.基于位移的重力坝地震易损性分析方法.振动与冲击, 2017, 36:51–58
4 Wang D S, Zhang L J, Xu J J, et al. Seismic stability safety evaluation of gravity dam with shear strength reduction method. Water Sci Eng, 2009,2 :52–60
5 Cen W, Wen L, Zhang Z, et al. Numerical simulation of seismic damage and cracking of concrete slabs of high concrete face rockfill dams. Water Sci Eng, 2016, 9:205–211
6 Jiang S Y, Du C B. Seismic stability analysis of concrete gravity dams with penetrated cracks. Water Sci Eng, 2012, 5:105–119
7 Xiong K, Weng Y H, He Y L. Seismic failure modes and seismic safety of Hardfill dam. Water Sci Eng, 2013, 6:199–214
8 王超,张社荣,黎曼,等.基于损伤指数模型的重力坝地震破坏等级划分.地震工程与工程振动, 2014, 34:218–226
9 Cervera M, Oliver J, Faria R. Seismic evaluation of concrete dams via continuum damage models. Earthquake Engng Struct Dyn, 1995, 24:1225–1245
10 Horii H, Chen S C. Computational fracture analysis of concrete gravity dams by crack-embedded elements––toward an engineering evaluation of seismic safety. Eng Fract Mech, 2003, 70:1029–1045
11 沈怀至.基于性能的混凝土坝—地基系统地震破损分析与风险评价.博士学位论文.北京:清华大学, 2007
12 Yazdani Y, Alembagheri M. Seismic vulnerability of gravity dams in near-fault areas. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng, 2017, 102:15–24
13 马晓方,钱夫中,成维一,等.电子政务工程项目绩效审计中功效系数法的应用实践.审计研究, 2016, 1:39–44
14 陈顺满,吴爱祥,王贻明,等.基于粗糙集和改进功效系数法的岩体质量评价.华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 46:36–41
15 李云涛,晏华,余荣升,等.基于功效系数法的复合相变材料综合性能评价研究.材料导报, 2017, 31:135–139
16 李明,陈卫忠,杨建平,等.基于功效系数法的隧道结构健康监测系统预警研究.岩土力学, 2015, 36:729–736
17 李德清,曾文艺.变权决策中均衡函数均衡效果.系统工程理论与实践, 2016, 36:712–718
18 李德清,崔红梅,李洪兴.基于层次变权的多因素决策.系统工程学报, 2004, 19:258–263
19 Vamvatsikos D, Cornell C A. Incremental dynamic analysis. Earthquake Engng Struct Dyn, 2002, 31:491–514
20 李文博.基于IDA方法的RC框架结构地震易损性分析研究.硕士学位论文.西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2012
21 王海良,张铎,刘中宪.基于IDA钢管混凝土桁架连续曲线桥抗震易损性分析.防灾减灾工程学报, 2017, 37:39–48
22 谢荣晖,吴学平,吴雅佩.基于TOPSIS变权模糊模型的混凝土坝结构安全评价.水力发电, 2016, 42:68–71
23 Goodman J. Structural fragility and principle of maximum entropy. Struct Saf, 1985, 3:37–46
1)PEER Strong Motion Database. http://peer.berkeley.edu.