基于IPC交叠图的专利可视化方法研究
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摘要
[目的/意义]历史文献无法告诉人们专利技术与不同领域的关系。而且由于使用不同阈值、聚合水平,不同专利网络图的相互比较存在困难。为此,基于IPC交叠图,文章提出专利可视化的新方法。[方法/过程]基于中介度指标,IPC交叠图共享技术对象及其位置,建立了不同专利网络图之间的可比性。[结果/结论]锂电池专利可视化分析的实验结果表明,IPC交叠图可清晰展示专利研发重点、核心技术、基础技术及其关系,以及专利技术与不同领域的关系,实现不同对象的专利技术比较。因此,IPC交叠图有助于专利技术的对比分析、专利管理等。[局限]文章提出的方法仅适合于有IPC的专利。
[Purpose/significance]The literature review cannot tell how patent technologies relate to different fields. And comparison among different patent network maps is difficult because of the different thresholds and aggregation levels. Therefore,this paper proposes some new methods for patent visualization based on International Patent Classification( IPC) overlay maps. [Method/process] The paper establishes the comparison method between different patent network maps according to betweenness indicator,objects and locations of IPC overlay maps sharing technology. [Result/conclusion] The simulation results of visualization analysis with lithium battery patents show that IPC overlay maps can vividly reveal the focuses of patent research and development,core technologies,fundamental technologies and their relations,as well as the relationship between patent technologies and different fields,thus realizing the comparison among patent technologies of different objects. Therefore,IPC overlay maps may offer help in comparative analysis of patent technologies,patent management,and so on. [Limitations] The methods proposed in the paper are only applicable to the patents with IPC.
[Purpose/significance]The literature review cannot tell how patent technologies relate to different fields. And comparison among different patent network maps is difficult because of the different thresholds and aggregation levels. Therefore,this paper proposes some new methods for patent visualization based on International Patent Classification( IPC) overlay maps. [Method/process] The paper establishes the comparison method between different patent network maps according to betweenness indicator,objects and locations of IPC overlay maps sharing technology. [Result/conclusion] The simulation results of visualization analysis with lithium battery patents show that IPC overlay maps can vividly reveal the focuses of patent research and development,core technologies,fundamental technologies and their relations,as well as the relationship between patent technologies and different fields,thus realizing the comparison among patent technologies of different objects. Therefore,IPC overlay maps may offer help in comparative analysis of patent technologies,patent management,and so on. [Limitations] The methods proposed in the paper are only applicable to the patents with IPC.
引文
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[2] ALLEN J, WEINRICH M, HOPPITT W, et al. Networkbased diffusion analysis reveals cultural transmission of lobtail feeding in humpback whales[J]. Science, 2013, 340:485.
[3] SONG L,HUANG S C,WISE A,et al. A transcription factor hierarchy defines an environmental stress response network[J]. Science,2016,354(6312):aag1550.
[4] MARTH C J,GALLEGO G M,LEE J C,et al. Network-analysis-guided synthesis of weisaconitine D and liljestrandinine[J]. Nature,2015,528:492-498.
[5] CALVANO S,XIAO W Z,RICHARDS D R,et al. A network-based analysis of systemic inflammation in humans[J].Nature,2005,437:1032-1037.
[6] USHIO M,HSIEH C H,MASUDA R J,et al. Fluctuating interaction network and time-varying stability of a natural fish community[J]. Nature,2018,554:360-363.
[7] MONTESINOS-NAVARRO A, HIRALDO F, TELLA J L,et al. Network structure embracing mutualism-antagonism continuums increases community robustness[J]. Nature Ecology and Evolution,2017,1:1661-1669.
[8] WANG M X,CARVER J J,PHELAN V V,et al. Sharing and community curation of mass spectrometry data with Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking[J]. Nature Biotechnology,2016,34(8):828-837.
[9] HUTTLIN E L,BRUCKNER R J,PAULO J A,et al. Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks[J]. Nature,2017,545:505-509.
[10] RAFOLS I,PORTER A L,LEYDESDORFF L. Science overlay maps:a new tool for research policy and library management[J]. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology,2010,61(9):1871-1887.
[11] RAFOLS I,MEYER M. Diversity and network coherence as indicators of interdisciplinarity:case studies in bionanoscience[J]. Scientometrics,2010,82(2):263-287.
[12] XIAO Z,PORTER A L,ROBINSON D K R,et al. Analyzing research publication patterns to gauge future innovation pathways for nano-enabled drug delivery. proc of picmet’13:technology management for emerging technologies[C]. IEEE,2013:2188-2199.
[13] ROBINSON D K R,HUANG L,GUO Y,et al. Forecasting innovation pathways(fip)for new and emerging science and technologies[J]. Technological Forecasting&Social Change,2013,80:267-285.
[14] PORTER A L,GARNER J,CROWL T. Research coordination networks:evidence of the relationship between funded interdisciplinary networking and scholarly impact[J]. BioScience,2012,62(3):282-288.
[15]刘胜奇,朱东华,汪雪锋,等.基于合作全球图的专利国际合作分析[J].科研管理,2015,36(3):79-83.
[16]杨雅娜,刘胜奇.核心专利的识别及可视化方法[J].情报工程,2015,1(4):65-76.
[17] VAN ECK N J,WALTMAN L,DEKKER R,et al. A comparison of two techniques for bibliometric mapping:Multidimensional scaling and VOS[J]. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2010, 61(12):2405-2416.
[18] FREEMAN L C. A set of measures of centrality based on betweenness[J]. Sociometry,1977,40(1):35-41.
[19] BOLLEN J,VAN DE SOMPEL H,HAGBERG A,et al. A principal component analysis of 39 scientific impact measures[J]. PLo S ONE,2009,4(6):e6022.
[20] WANIEK M,MICHALAK T P,WOOLDRIDGE M J,et al.Hiding individuals and communities in a social network[J].Nature Human Behaviour,2018(2):139-147.
[21] OUYANG F,SCHARBER C. The influences of an experienced instructor’s discussion design and facilitation on an online learning community development:A social network analysis study[J]. Internet&Higher Education,2017,35:34-47.
[22] AN R P,LOEHMER E,KHAN N,et al. Community partnerships in healthy eating and lifestyle promotion:A network analysis[J]. Preventive Medicine Reports,2017(6):294-301.
[23] HOU W Y,LIU H F,WANG H,et al. Structure and patterns of the international rare earths trade:A complex network analysis[J]. Resources Policy,2018,55:133-142.
[24] AHLGREN P,JARNEVING B,ROUSSEAU R. Requirement for a cocitation similarity measure, with special reference to pearson’s correlation coefficient[J]. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2003, 54(6):550-560.