陕西商南矿山地质环境质量评价
|
摘要
陕西省商南县矿产资源丰富,矿业开发是该县的支柱产业。频繁的矿山建设、开采活动是地质环境问题频发的原因之一。由于矿山数量较多、集中性差,以商南县为研究区,构建包括矿业开发对地质环境的影响、基础地质和生态环境3个方面,共计16个指标的矿山地质环境质量评价指标体系。将研究区划分为196个4km×4km的评价单元,通过实地调查、统计年鉴等方式获取数据。基于SPSS20.0软件,利用熵值法计算各评价单元指标权重,并结合集对分析理论计算各评价单元联系度,最后依据联系度将其划分为"严重区""一般区"和"良好区"3类矿山地质环境质量区。结果表明:商南县矿山地质环境质量空间分布差异较大,中北部矿山地质环境质量明显优于南部,且南部矿山地质环境问题主要集中在水沟镇、湘河镇、赵川镇等地,以地质灾害、矿渣占用土地、破坏植被及水土污染为主。"严重区""一般区"和"良好区"各占研究区面积的8.16%、46.95%、44.89%。评价结果可为商南县矿山地质环境综合治理提供理论依据。
Shangnan county is rich in mineral resources,mining development is the pillar industry of the county.Frequent mine construction and mining activities is one of the reasons that lead to geological environmental problems.As the quality of mines is large and poor concentration,taking Shangnan country as the research area.The evaluation index system of the article is built that contains the influence of mining development on geological environment,basic geology and ecological environment,a total of 16 indexes.The study area is divided into 196 evaluation units with 4 km×4 km and the data can be obtained by field investigation and statistical yearbooks.Evaluation indexes weights are calculated by entropy method through SPSS20.0 software,and using it to calculate connection degree of each evaluation unit.Finally,the mine geological environment quality area is divided into "serious area""general area" and "good area"by connection degrees.The results show that spatial distribution of mine geological environment quality in Shangnan county is quite different.The quality of mine geological environment in the central and north of study area is obviously superior to that in the south.The problems of mine geological environment are mainly geological hazards,land occupation,vegetation destruction and soil-water pollution,concentrating inShuigou town,Xianghe town and Zhaochuan town.The"Serious area" "general area" and "good area" each occupied 8.16%,46.95% and 44.89% of study area.Evaluation results can provide theoretical basis for comprehensive management of mine geological environment in Shangnan county.
Shangnan county is rich in mineral resources,mining development is the pillar industry of the county.Frequent mine construction and mining activities is one of the reasons that lead to geological environmental problems.As the quality of mines is large and poor concentration,taking Shangnan country as the research area.The evaluation index system of the article is built that contains the influence of mining development on geological environment,basic geology and ecological environment,a total of 16 indexes.The study area is divided into 196 evaluation units with 4 km×4 km and the data can be obtained by field investigation and statistical yearbooks.Evaluation indexes weights are calculated by entropy method through SPSS20.0 software,and using it to calculate connection degree of each evaluation unit.Finally,the mine geological environment quality area is divided into "serious area""general area" and "good area"by connection degrees.The results show that spatial distribution of mine geological environment quality in Shangnan county is quite different.The quality of mine geological environment in the central and north of study area is obviously superior to that in the south.The problems of mine geological environment are mainly geological hazards,land occupation,vegetation destruction and soil-water pollution,concentrating inShuigou town,Xianghe town and Zhaochuan town.The"Serious area" "general area" and "good area" each occupied 8.16%,46.95% and 44.89% of study area.Evaluation results can provide theoretical basis for comprehensive management of mine geological environment in Shangnan county.
引文
[1]唐朝晖,刘楠,柴波,等.合山市矿山地质环境影响评价研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2012,39(6):124-130.
[2]卢楠,李刚.金矿区尾矿渣周边土壤的重金属污染评价研究[J].中国矿业,2017,26(5):81-87.
[3]蒋复量,周科平,李向阳,等.基于集对分析的矿山地质环境影响评价研究[J].矿冶工程,2009,29(2):1-4.
[4]LYU Y Q.Regional geo-environment assessment for mining area based on Monte Carlo simulation and its case study[J].Metallurgical and Mining Industry,2015,7(4):94-104.
[5]陈俊奇.基于RS和GIS的矿山地质环境调查与评价[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2017.
[6]卢文喜,郭家园,董海彪,等.改进的支持向量机方法在矿山地质环境质量评价中的应用[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2016,46(5):1511-1519.
[7]邹长新,沈渭寿,刘发民.矿山生环境质量评价指标体系初探[J].中国矿业,2011,20(8):56-59,68.
[8]衣诺.矿山地质环境治理项目社会经济评价指标体系研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2016.
[9]张永庭,陈建平,刘自增,等.宁夏矿山环境质量空间分布特征及其分区[J].中国矿业,2017,26(1):49-54.
[10]LI T,FENG Q Y,QIAN B,et al.Chemical characteristics of coal mine drainage and its impact on the environment in Shandong province,China[J].Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research,2013,5(11):146-151.
[11]王念秦,王永锋,王得楷.甘肃矿山生态地质环境现状综合评价分区研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(5):225-228,232.
[12]JIANG X,LU W X,ZHAO H Q,et al.Quantitative evaluation of mining geo-environmental quality in Northeast China:comprehensive index method and support vector machine models[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2015,73(12):7945-7955.
[13]刘彦广,柴波,郑晓明,等.合山市煤矿山地质环境质量模糊综合评价与分区[J].安全与环境工程,2012,19(5):70-73.
[14]中国地质调查局.矿山地质环境调查评价规范:DD2014-05[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[15]聂兴信,张国丹.基于熵值法-突变理论的地下矿山紧急避险系统可靠性研究[J].黄金科学技术,2016,24(6):72-77.
[16]赵晓亮,齐庆杰,赵国智,等.矿山环境质量集对分析定量评价模型的建立与应用研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(11):72-77.
[17]赵克勤.集对分析及其初步运用[M].杭州:浙江科技出版社,2000:49-56.
[18]朱兵,王文圣,王红芳,等.集对分析中差异不确定系数i的探讨[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2008,40(1):5-9.
[2]卢楠,李刚.金矿区尾矿渣周边土壤的重金属污染评价研究[J].中国矿业,2017,26(5):81-87.
[3]蒋复量,周科平,李向阳,等.基于集对分析的矿山地质环境影响评价研究[J].矿冶工程,2009,29(2):1-4.
[4]LYU Y Q.Regional geo-environment assessment for mining area based on Monte Carlo simulation and its case study[J].Metallurgical and Mining Industry,2015,7(4):94-104.
[5]陈俊奇.基于RS和GIS的矿山地质环境调查与评价[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2017.
[6]卢文喜,郭家园,董海彪,等.改进的支持向量机方法在矿山地质环境质量评价中的应用[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2016,46(5):1511-1519.
[7]邹长新,沈渭寿,刘发民.矿山生环境质量评价指标体系初探[J].中国矿业,2011,20(8):56-59,68.
[8]衣诺.矿山地质环境治理项目社会经济评价指标体系研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2016.
[9]张永庭,陈建平,刘自增,等.宁夏矿山环境质量空间分布特征及其分区[J].中国矿业,2017,26(1):49-54.
[10]LI T,FENG Q Y,QIAN B,et al.Chemical characteristics of coal mine drainage and its impact on the environment in Shandong province,China[J].Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research,2013,5(11):146-151.
[11]王念秦,王永锋,王得楷.甘肃矿山生态地质环境现状综合评价分区研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(5):225-228,232.
[12]JIANG X,LU W X,ZHAO H Q,et al.Quantitative evaluation of mining geo-environmental quality in Northeast China:comprehensive index method and support vector machine models[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2015,73(12):7945-7955.
[13]刘彦广,柴波,郑晓明,等.合山市煤矿山地质环境质量模糊综合评价与分区[J].安全与环境工程,2012,19(5):70-73.
[14]中国地质调查局.矿山地质环境调查评价规范:DD2014-05[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[15]聂兴信,张国丹.基于熵值法-突变理论的地下矿山紧急避险系统可靠性研究[J].黄金科学技术,2016,24(6):72-77.
[16]赵晓亮,齐庆杰,赵国智,等.矿山环境质量集对分析定量评价模型的建立与应用研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(11):72-77.
[17]赵克勤.集对分析及其初步运用[M].杭州:浙江科技出版社,2000:49-56.
[18]朱兵,王文圣,王红芳,等.集对分析中差异不确定系数i的探讨[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2008,40(1):5-9.