模拟酸雨和接种外生菌根真菌对马尾松土壤养分、土壤团聚体及有机碳组分的影响
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摘要
以2年生马尾松(Pinus massoniana)幼苗为试验对象,采用原位试验,研究了模拟酸雨和接种外生菌根真菌对土壤有机碳含量、土壤团聚体组成及土壤养分(N、P、K)含量的影响。设置3种强度(p H5.6(CK),4.5,3.5)的模拟酸雨条件,每个强度酸雨下分别设置接种外生菌根真菌和不接种外生菌根真菌,共计6个处理。结果表明:p H3.5酸雨处理显著降低了土壤中速效磷、总磷、速效钾、铵态氮、硝态氮及总氮含量,而外接外生菌根真菌则有效缓解了这一情况;与对照比,酸雨处理提高了微团聚体(<0.053 mm,0.053～0.25 mm)含量,降低了大团聚体(0.25～2 mm)含量; pH3.5处理显著降低各粒级尤其是0.25～2 mm粒级团聚体有机碳含量,而接种外生菌根真菌显著增加了有机碳含量;未接种外生菌根真菌土壤中,酸雨处理显著降低了土壤轻组、重组有机碳含量,而接种外生菌根真菌显著提高了土壤轻组、重组有机碳含量;接种外生菌根真菌在一定程度上可以缓解酸雨胁迫对土壤质量的不利影响。
Two-year-old seedlings of Pinus massoniana were planted in acidified soils to explore the effects of acid rain and ectomycorrhizal fungi(EMF) on soil organic carbon content,soil aggregate composition and soil nutrient(N,P,K) contents.We set up three levels of simulated acid rain [pH 5.6(CK),pH 4.5,and pH 3.5] and applied two ectomycorrhizal treatments(inoculated,non-inoculated) in each level of acid rain.The pH 3.5 treatment significantly reduced the contents of available P,total P,available K,ammonium N,nitrate N and total N in soil,while inoculation with EMF effectively alleviated such negative effects of pH 3.5 treatment.Acidification treatment increased the content of microaggregates(<0.053 mm,0.053-0.25 mm)and reduced the content of macroaggregate(0.25-2 mm).Compared with control(pH 5.6),the pH 3.5 treatment significantly deceased the contents of organic carbon fractions,especially those with 0.25-2 mm size aggregate.Inoculation with EMF significantly increased the content of organic carbon.Acidification treatment significantly decreased the contents of soil light-fraction organic carbon(LFOC) and heavy-fraction organic carbon(HFOC),whereas inoculation with EMF significantly increased the contents of LFOC and HFOC.Our results indicated that inoculation with EMF could alleviate the negative effects of acid rain stress on soil quality.
Two-year-old seedlings of Pinus massoniana were planted in acidified soils to explore the effects of acid rain and ectomycorrhizal fungi(EMF) on soil organic carbon content,soil aggregate composition and soil nutrient(N,P,K) contents.We set up three levels of simulated acid rain [pH 5.6(CK),pH 4.5,and pH 3.5] and applied two ectomycorrhizal treatments(inoculated,non-inoculated) in each level of acid rain.The pH 3.5 treatment significantly reduced the contents of available P,total P,available K,ammonium N,nitrate N and total N in soil,while inoculation with EMF effectively alleviated such negative effects of pH 3.5 treatment.Acidification treatment increased the content of microaggregates(<0.053 mm,0.053-0.25 mm)and reduced the content of macroaggregate(0.25-2 mm).Compared with control(pH 5.6),the pH 3.5 treatment significantly deceased the contents of organic carbon fractions,especially those with 0.25-2 mm size aggregate.Inoculation with EMF significantly increased the content of organic carbon.Acidification treatment significantly decreased the contents of soil light-fraction organic carbon(LFOC) and heavy-fraction organic carbon(HFOC),whereas inoculation with EMF significantly increased the contents of LFOC and HFOC.Our results indicated that inoculation with EMF could alleviate the negative effects of acid rain stress on soil quality.
引文
陈庆强,沈承德,孙彦敏,等.2005.鼎湖山土壤有机质深度分布的剖面演化机制.土壤学报,42(1):1-8.
陈希,陈伏生,叶素琼,等.2015.丘陵红壤茶园根际氮磷转化对不同强度酸雨胁迫的响应.应用生态学报,26(1):1-8.
陈银萍,李玉强,赵学勇,等.2010.放牧与围封对沙漠化草地土壤轻组及全土碳氮储量的影响.水土保持学报,24(4):182-186.
陈展,王琳,尚鹤.2013.接种彩色豆马勃对模拟酸沉降下马尾松幼苗生物量的影响.生态学报,33(20):6526-6533.
陈展,尚鹤.2014.接种外生菌根菌对模拟酸雨胁迫下马尾松营养元素的影响.林业科学,50(1):156-163.
高太忠,戚鹏,张扬,等.2004.酸雨对土壤营养元素迁移转化的影响.生态环境,13(1):23-6.
辜夕容,黄建国,梁国仕.2005.接种双色蜡蘑对马尾松幼苗生长、养分和抗铝性的影响.林业科学,41(4):199-203.
侯翠翠,宋长春,李英臣,等.2011.不同水分条件下小叶章湿地表土有机碳及活性有机碳组分季节动态.环境科学,32(1):290-297.
黄艺,黄志基.2005.外生菌根与植物抗重金属胁迫机理.生态学杂志,24(4):422-427.
匡方毅,范昱等.2011.长沙市酸雨研究进展与探讨.安徽农业科学,39(33):20843-20848.
李恋卿,潘根兴,张旭辉.2000.退化红壤植被恢复中表层土壤团聚体及其有机碳的变化.土壤通报,31(5):193-195.
廖雪菊,刘甜,韦宜慧,等.2016.模拟酸雨对桉树人工林土壤养分流失的影响.广西林业科学,45(4):397-403.
林慧萍.2005.酸雨对陆生植物的影响机理.福建林业科技,32(1):60-64.
林琳,章家恩,徐华勤,等.2013.模拟酸雨淋溶对赤红壤团聚体稳定性的影响.土壤通报,44(4):799-806.
王琳,陈展,尚鹤.2014.外生菌根真菌在酸雨胁迫下对马尾松土壤微生物代谢功能的影响.林业科学,50(7):99-104.
王晓君.2012.慈竹林凋落物分解和土壤有机碳对模拟氮、硫沉降的响应(硕士学位论文).成都:四川农业大学.
王艺,丁贵杰.2013.外生菌根对马尾松幼苗生长、生理特征和养分的影响.南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,37(2):97-102.
吴刚,章景阳,王星.1994.酸沉降对重庆南岸马尾松针叶林年生物生产量的影响及其经济损失的估算.环境科学学报,14(4):461-465.
吴建平,梁国华,熊鑫,等.2015.鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林土壤微生物量碳和有机碳对模拟酸雨的响应.生态学报,35(20):6686-6693.
谢锦升,杨玉盛,杨智杰,等.2008.退化红壤植被恢复后土壤轻组有机质的季节动态.应用生态学报,19(3):557-563.
许第发,钟天祥,徐冬梅,等.2002.酸沉降对土壤地球化学过程的影响.地质地球化学,30(4):68-74.
徐华勤,章家恩,孟磊,等.2011.模拟酸雨胁迫对赤红壤磷素形态特征的影响.农业环境科学学报,30(11):2319-2324.
于浩,陈展,尚鹤,等.2017.野外模拟酸雨胁迫下接种外生菌根真菌对马尾松幼苗的缓解作用研究.生态学报,37(16):1-10.
袁颖红,樊后保,王强,等.2007.模拟氮沉降对杉木人工林土壤有效养分的影响.浙江林学院学报,24(4):437-44.
曾宏达,杜紫贤,杨玉盛,等.2010.城市沿江土地覆被变化对土壤有机碳和轻组有机碳的影响.应用生态学报,21(3):701-706.
章明奎,王丽平.2007.重金属污染对土壤有机质积累的影响.应用生态学报,18(7):1479-1483.
张慰,陈展,邓仕槐,等.2012.外生菌根缓解植物酸雨胁迫的机理研究进展.生态学杂志,31(1):200-206.
中华人民共和国环境保护部.2015.中国环境状况公报.http://www.mep.gov.cn/hjzl/zghjzkgb/lnzghjzkgb/201606/P020160602333160471955.pdf
周晓宇,张称意,郭广芬.2010.气候变化对森林土壤有机碳贮藏影响的研究进展.应用生态学报,21(7):1867-1874.
Bronick CJ,Lal R.2005.Soil structure and management:Areview.Geoderma,124:3-22.
Douglas LG,Marcel RH,Martin L,et al.2006.Mycorrhizal hyphal turnover as a dominant process for carbon input into soil organic matter.Plant and Soil,281:15-24.
Feng MH,Ngwenya BT,Wang L,et al.2011.Bacterial dissolution of fluorapatite as a possible source of elevated dissolved phosphate in the environment.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,75:5785-5796.
Lilleskov EA,Bruns TD,Dawson TE,et al.2009.Water sources and controls on water-loss rates of epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarps during summer drought.New Phytologist,182:483-494.
Rampazzo N,Blum WEH.1992.Changes in chemistry and mineralogy of forest soils by acid rain.Water,Air&Soil Pollution,61:209-220.
Read DJ,Perez-Moreno J.2010.Mycorrhizas and nutrient cycling in ecosystems:A journey towards relevance?New Phytologist,157:475-492.
Richard PP,Ina CM,Emily SB,et al.2012.Roots and fungi accelerate carbon and nitrogen cycling in forests exposed to elevated CO2.Ecology Letters,15:1042-1049.
Six J,Elliott ET,Paustian K,et al.1998.Aggregation and soil organic matter accumulation in cultivated and native grassland soils.Soil Science Society of America Journal,62:1367-1377.
Sousa NR,Franco AR,Ramos MA,et al.2011.Reforestation of burned stands:The effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi on Pinus pinaster establishment.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,43:2115-2120.
Tan Z,Lal R,Owens L,et al.2007.Distribution of light and heavy fractions of soil organic carbon as related to land use and tillage practice.Soil&Tillage Research,92:53-59.
Tang M,Zhang RQ,Chen H,et al.2008.Induced hydrolytic enzymes of ectomycorrhizal fungi against pathogen Rhizoctonia solani.Biotechnology Letters,30:1777-1782.
Tomlinson GH.2003.Acidic deposition,nutrient leaching and forest growth.Biogeochemistry,65:51-81.
Vania SF,Salcedo IH.2004.Declines of organic nutrient pools in tropical semi-arid soils under subsistence farming.Soil Science Society of America Journal,68:215-224
Wallander H.2000.Use of strontium isotopes and foliar K content to estimate weathering of biotite induced by pine seedlings colonised by ectomycorrhizal fungi from two different soils.Plant and Soil,222:215-229.
Wang C,Guo P,Han G,et al.2010.Effect of simulated acid rain on the litter decomposition of Quercus acutissima and Pinus massoniana in forest soil microcosms and the relationship with soil enzyme activities.Science of the Total Environment,408:2706-2713.
Wu J,Liang G,Hui D,et al.2016.Prolonged acid rain facilitates soil organic carbon accumulation in a mature forest in Southern China.Science of the Total Environment,544(s1):94-102.
Zhang L,Wang MX,Hua LI,et al.2014.Mobilization of inorganic phosphorus from soils by ectomycorrhizal fungi.Pedosphere,24:683-689.
陈希,陈伏生,叶素琼,等.2015.丘陵红壤茶园根际氮磷转化对不同强度酸雨胁迫的响应.应用生态学报,26(1):1-8.
陈银萍,李玉强,赵学勇,等.2010.放牧与围封对沙漠化草地土壤轻组及全土碳氮储量的影响.水土保持学报,24(4):182-186.
陈展,王琳,尚鹤.2013.接种彩色豆马勃对模拟酸沉降下马尾松幼苗生物量的影响.生态学报,33(20):6526-6533.
陈展,尚鹤.2014.接种外生菌根菌对模拟酸雨胁迫下马尾松营养元素的影响.林业科学,50(1):156-163.
高太忠,戚鹏,张扬,等.2004.酸雨对土壤营养元素迁移转化的影响.生态环境,13(1):23-6.
辜夕容,黄建国,梁国仕.2005.接种双色蜡蘑对马尾松幼苗生长、养分和抗铝性的影响.林业科学,41(4):199-203.
侯翠翠,宋长春,李英臣,等.2011.不同水分条件下小叶章湿地表土有机碳及活性有机碳组分季节动态.环境科学,32(1):290-297.
黄艺,黄志基.2005.外生菌根与植物抗重金属胁迫机理.生态学杂志,24(4):422-427.
匡方毅,范昱等.2011.长沙市酸雨研究进展与探讨.安徽农业科学,39(33):20843-20848.
李恋卿,潘根兴,张旭辉.2000.退化红壤植被恢复中表层土壤团聚体及其有机碳的变化.土壤通报,31(5):193-195.
廖雪菊,刘甜,韦宜慧,等.2016.模拟酸雨对桉树人工林土壤养分流失的影响.广西林业科学,45(4):397-403.
林慧萍.2005.酸雨对陆生植物的影响机理.福建林业科技,32(1):60-64.
林琳,章家恩,徐华勤,等.2013.模拟酸雨淋溶对赤红壤团聚体稳定性的影响.土壤通报,44(4):799-806.
王琳,陈展,尚鹤.2014.外生菌根真菌在酸雨胁迫下对马尾松土壤微生物代谢功能的影响.林业科学,50(7):99-104.
王晓君.2012.慈竹林凋落物分解和土壤有机碳对模拟氮、硫沉降的响应(硕士学位论文).成都:四川农业大学.
王艺,丁贵杰.2013.外生菌根对马尾松幼苗生长、生理特征和养分的影响.南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,37(2):97-102.
吴刚,章景阳,王星.1994.酸沉降对重庆南岸马尾松针叶林年生物生产量的影响及其经济损失的估算.环境科学学报,14(4):461-465.
吴建平,梁国华,熊鑫,等.2015.鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林土壤微生物量碳和有机碳对模拟酸雨的响应.生态学报,35(20):6686-6693.
谢锦升,杨玉盛,杨智杰,等.2008.退化红壤植被恢复后土壤轻组有机质的季节动态.应用生态学报,19(3):557-563.
许第发,钟天祥,徐冬梅,等.2002.酸沉降对土壤地球化学过程的影响.地质地球化学,30(4):68-74.
徐华勤,章家恩,孟磊,等.2011.模拟酸雨胁迫对赤红壤磷素形态特征的影响.农业环境科学学报,30(11):2319-2324.
于浩,陈展,尚鹤,等.2017.野外模拟酸雨胁迫下接种外生菌根真菌对马尾松幼苗的缓解作用研究.生态学报,37(16):1-10.
袁颖红,樊后保,王强,等.2007.模拟氮沉降对杉木人工林土壤有效养分的影响.浙江林学院学报,24(4):437-44.
曾宏达,杜紫贤,杨玉盛,等.2010.城市沿江土地覆被变化对土壤有机碳和轻组有机碳的影响.应用生态学报,21(3):701-706.
章明奎,王丽平.2007.重金属污染对土壤有机质积累的影响.应用生态学报,18(7):1479-1483.
张慰,陈展,邓仕槐,等.2012.外生菌根缓解植物酸雨胁迫的机理研究进展.生态学杂志,31(1):200-206.
中华人民共和国环境保护部.2015.中国环境状况公报.http://www.mep.gov.cn/hjzl/zghjzkgb/lnzghjzkgb/201606/P020160602333160471955.pdf
周晓宇,张称意,郭广芬.2010.气候变化对森林土壤有机碳贮藏影响的研究进展.应用生态学报,21(7):1867-1874.
Bronick CJ,Lal R.2005.Soil structure and management:Areview.Geoderma,124:3-22.
Douglas LG,Marcel RH,Martin L,et al.2006.Mycorrhizal hyphal turnover as a dominant process for carbon input into soil organic matter.Plant and Soil,281:15-24.
Feng MH,Ngwenya BT,Wang L,et al.2011.Bacterial dissolution of fluorapatite as a possible source of elevated dissolved phosphate in the environment.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,75:5785-5796.
Lilleskov EA,Bruns TD,Dawson TE,et al.2009.Water sources and controls on water-loss rates of epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarps during summer drought.New Phytologist,182:483-494.
Rampazzo N,Blum WEH.1992.Changes in chemistry and mineralogy of forest soils by acid rain.Water,Air&Soil Pollution,61:209-220.
Read DJ,Perez-Moreno J.2010.Mycorrhizas and nutrient cycling in ecosystems:A journey towards relevance?New Phytologist,157:475-492.
Richard PP,Ina CM,Emily SB,et al.2012.Roots and fungi accelerate carbon and nitrogen cycling in forests exposed to elevated CO2.Ecology Letters,15:1042-1049.
Six J,Elliott ET,Paustian K,et al.1998.Aggregation and soil organic matter accumulation in cultivated and native grassland soils.Soil Science Society of America Journal,62:1367-1377.
Sousa NR,Franco AR,Ramos MA,et al.2011.Reforestation of burned stands:The effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi on Pinus pinaster establishment.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,43:2115-2120.
Tan Z,Lal R,Owens L,et al.2007.Distribution of light and heavy fractions of soil organic carbon as related to land use and tillage practice.Soil&Tillage Research,92:53-59.
Tang M,Zhang RQ,Chen H,et al.2008.Induced hydrolytic enzymes of ectomycorrhizal fungi against pathogen Rhizoctonia solani.Biotechnology Letters,30:1777-1782.
Tomlinson GH.2003.Acidic deposition,nutrient leaching and forest growth.Biogeochemistry,65:51-81.
Vania SF,Salcedo IH.2004.Declines of organic nutrient pools in tropical semi-arid soils under subsistence farming.Soil Science Society of America Journal,68:215-224
Wallander H.2000.Use of strontium isotopes and foliar K content to estimate weathering of biotite induced by pine seedlings colonised by ectomycorrhizal fungi from two different soils.Plant and Soil,222:215-229.
Wang C,Guo P,Han G,et al.2010.Effect of simulated acid rain on the litter decomposition of Quercus acutissima and Pinus massoniana in forest soil microcosms and the relationship with soil enzyme activities.Science of the Total Environment,408:2706-2713.
Wu J,Liang G,Hui D,et al.2016.Prolonged acid rain facilitates soil organic carbon accumulation in a mature forest in Southern China.Science of the Total Environment,544(s1):94-102.
Zhang L,Wang MX,Hua LI,et al.2014.Mobilization of inorganic phosphorus from soils by ectomycorrhizal fungi.Pedosphere,24:683-689.