干燥方法对秦艽药材中有效成分含量的影响
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摘要
目的 探究发汗与否及不同干燥方式对秦艽中五种主要有效成分含量的影响,为秦艽产地加工中的干燥方法优化,提高秦艽药材质量提供依据。方法 采用HPLC法测定五种成分的含量,乙腈-冰醋酸梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,检测波长238nm。结果 发汗后干燥的药材中马钱苷酸(I_1)、龙胆苦苷(I_4)与五种成分总含量极显著低于不发汗直接干燥的药材,6'-O-β-葡萄糖基龙胆苦苷(I_2)显著高于直接干燥的药材,而獐牙菜苦苷(I_3)、獐牙菜苷(I_5)含量与不发汗相比无显著差异。烘干、晒干和阴干三种干燥方式中,阴干最有利于I4以及五种成分总含量的保留。烘干有利于I1的保留,晒干相对不利于主要有效成分的保留。结论 秦艽药材产地加工应该不必发汗,直接干燥。并根据实际情况优先考虑阴干和烘干的干燥方式。
Objective To investigate the effects on main effective components in Gentiana Macrophylla Radix,after treating with different dehydrating and sweating methods,and provide a basis for improving primary processing and quality. Methods The contents of five main constituents were determined by HPLC.Acetonitrile-acetic acid is adopted as mobile phase,the column temperature is set at 30℃ and the detection wavelength is 238 nm. Results The results show that compared with the medicinal materials dried without sweating treatment,contents of loganic acid(I_1),gentiopicroside(I_4),and total content of the five constituents in desiccated medicinal materials which has sweated,are very significantly lower.But content of 6'-O-β-glucosyl-gentiopicroside(I_2) is significantly higher than no-sweating crude drugs.The contents of sweroside(I_3) and swertiamarin(I_5) have no statistical difference between sweating and no-sweating group.Among these three ways of dehydrating:oven dry,dry in the sun and dry in shade,dry in shade is the best way for the preservation of I4 and total content of the five iridoid glycosides,while oven dry can be propitious to retain I1.Relatively,dry in the sun is adverse for main active constituents in Gentiana Macrophylla Radix. Conclusion Gentiana Macrophylla Radix should be dried straightway without sweating,and provided an appropriate dehydrating method which is seslected from dry in shade and oven dry on the basis of actual condition.
Objective To investigate the effects on main effective components in Gentiana Macrophylla Radix,after treating with different dehydrating and sweating methods,and provide a basis for improving primary processing and quality. Methods The contents of five main constituents were determined by HPLC.Acetonitrile-acetic acid is adopted as mobile phase,the column temperature is set at 30℃ and the detection wavelength is 238 nm. Results The results show that compared with the medicinal materials dried without sweating treatment,contents of loganic acid(I_1),gentiopicroside(I_4),and total content of the five constituents in desiccated medicinal materials which has sweated,are very significantly lower.But content of 6'-O-β-glucosyl-gentiopicroside(I_2) is significantly higher than no-sweating crude drugs.The contents of sweroside(I_3) and swertiamarin(I_5) have no statistical difference between sweating and no-sweating group.Among these three ways of dehydrating:oven dry,dry in the sun and dry in shade,dry in shade is the best way for the preservation of I4 and total content of the five iridoid glycosides,while oven dry can be propitious to retain I1.Relatively,dry in the sun is adverse for main active constituents in Gentiana Macrophylla Radix. Conclusion Gentiana Macrophylla Radix should be dried straightway without sweating,and provided an appropriate dehydrating method which is seslected from dry in shade and oven dry on the basis of actual condition.
引文
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[13] 刘红亮,晏仁义,邵爱娟,等.中药材发汗对药材质量的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(24):349.
[14] 段金廒,宿树兰,严辉,等.药材初加工发汗过程及其酶促反应与化学转化机制探讨[J].中草药,2013,44(10):1219.
[15] 陈静娴.金银花环烯醚萜苷测定方法及富集工艺研究[D].山东师范大学硕士学位论文,2016.
[2] 陈千良.陕西产秦艽化学成分研究[D].西北大学硕士 ,2003.
[3] 聂安政,林志健,王雨,等.秦艽化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].中草药,2017,48(3):597.
[4] Sozański T,Kucharska AZ,Rapak A,et al.Iridoid-loganic acid versus anthocyanins from the Cornus mas fruits (cornelian cherry):Common and different effects on diet-induced atherosclerosis,PPARs expression and inflammation[J].Atherosclerosis,2016,254(1):151.
[5] Jaishree V,Badami S.Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of swertiamarin from Enicostemma axillare against D-galactosamine induced acute liver damage in rats[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2010,130(1):103.
[6] 陈康,吴涛,宋红萍.獐牙菜苦苷的药理作用研究进展[J].现代药物与临床,2016,31(10):1684.
[7] 陈林伟,秦昆明,朱艳汇,等.中药材产地加工的研究现状及展望[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(4):602.
[8] 张文懿,李居安,杨天寿,等.不同前处理方法对栽培秦艽中龙胆苦苷含量的影响[J].中国医院药学杂志,2009,29(9):724.
[9] 高娟,王亚洲,孙文基.烘干温度对秦艽中龙胆苦苷含量的影响[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2006,36(2):257.
[10] 张霞,陈靖,侯延辉,等.基于龙胆苦苷含量的秦艽炮制工艺研究 [J].时珍国医国药,2012,23(5):1221.
[11] 张尚智,杨声.秦艽炮制历史沿革研究[J].中国药房,2014,25(43):4119.
[12] 吴靳荣,吴立宏,赵志礼,等.中药秦艽和习用品中5种环烯醚萜类成分的HPLC含量测定[J].中国中药杂志,2014,39(4):715.
[13] 刘红亮,晏仁义,邵爱娟,等.中药材发汗对药材质量的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(24):349.
[14] 段金廒,宿树兰,严辉,等.药材初加工发汗过程及其酶促反应与化学转化机制探讨[J].中草药,2013,44(10):1219.
[15] 陈静娴.金银花环烯醚萜苷测定方法及富集工艺研究[D].山东师范大学硕士学位论文,2016.