机械式高速精冲机动平衡优化
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摘要
高速精冲机具有高速和高精度的发展趋势,但其主传动系统的不平衡惯性力会引起整机的振动。针对3200 k N机械式高速精冲机,通过对主传动系统的运动学和动态静力学分析,推导出激振力和激振力矩的计算公式,得到了主传动机构激振力和激振力矩随时间的变化规律。同时,通过动平衡优化来进行振动控制,整机水平方向的激振力FX最大值减少了18. 2%,每周期水平方向激振力绝对值的平均值下降了19. 74%;竖直方向激振力FY最大值减少了1. 67%,每周期竖直方向激振力绝对值的平均值下降了2. 59%;坐标系原点位置的激振力矩M最大值下降了16. 66%,每周期激振力矩绝对值的平均值下降了20. 01%。动平衡优化有效地降低了激振力和激振力矩,抑制了振动响应。
High speed fine-blanking machine has the development trend of high speed and high precision. However,the unbalanced inertia force of main driving mechanism causes the vibration of the whole machine. Therefore,for 3200 k N mechanical high-speed fine-blanking machine,the computational formula of shaking force and shaking moment were proposed by the kinematics and dynamic statics analysis of the main driving mechanism,and the change rules of shaking force and shaking moment of the main driving mechanism versus time were obtained. Meanwhile,through the dynamic balancing optimization to control the vibration,the maximum values of horizontal shaking force FXand vertical shaking force FYof the whole machine decrease by 18. 2% and 1. 67% respectively,and the average absolute values of horizontal and vertical shaking forces in one period reduce by 19. 74% and 2. 59% respectively. In addition,the maximum value of shaking moment M at the origin of the coordinate system droppes by 16. 66%,and the average absolute value of shaking moment in one period decreases by 20. 01%. Thus,the dynamic balancing optimization reduces the shaking force and shaking moment effectively and inhibites the vibration response.
High speed fine-blanking machine has the development trend of high speed and high precision. However,the unbalanced inertia force of main driving mechanism causes the vibration of the whole machine. Therefore,for 3200 k N mechanical high-speed fine-blanking machine,the computational formula of shaking force and shaking moment were proposed by the kinematics and dynamic statics analysis of the main driving mechanism,and the change rules of shaking force and shaking moment of the main driving mechanism versus time were obtained. Meanwhile,through the dynamic balancing optimization to control the vibration,the maximum values of horizontal shaking force FXand vertical shaking force FYof the whole machine decrease by 18. 2% and 1. 67% respectively,and the average absolute values of horizontal and vertical shaking forces in one period reduce by 19. 74% and 2. 59% respectively. In addition,the maximum value of shaking moment M at the origin of the coordinate system droppes by 16. 66%,and the average absolute value of shaking moment in one period decreases by 20. 01%. Thus,the dynamic balancing optimization reduces the shaking force and shaking moment effectively and inhibites the vibration response.
引文
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[2] Esat I,Bahai H. Theory of complete force and moment balancing of planer linkage mechanisms[J]. Mechanism&Machine Theory,1999,34(6):903-922.
[3] Chiou S T,Bai G J,Chang W K. Optimum balancing designs of the drag-link drive of mechanical presses for precision cutting[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,1998,38(3):131-141.
[4] Zhang S,Chen J. The optimum balance of shaking force and shaking moment of linkage[J]. Mechanism&Machine Theory,1995,30(4):589-597.
[5] Chaudhary K,Chaudhary H. Optimal dynamic balancing and shape synthesis of links in planar mechanisms[J]. Mechanism&Machine Theory,2015,93(11):127-146.
[6]曾梁彬,孙宇,彭斌彬.基于动态响应的高速压力机综合平衡优化[J].中国机械工程,2010,21(18):2143-2148.Zeng L B,Sun Y,Peng B B. Synthetic dynamic balance optimization of high speed punch based on dynamic response[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,2010,21(18):2143-2148.
[7]李烨健,孙宇,胡峰峰,等.高速机械压力机综合动平衡优化研究[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2016,44(6):24-28.Li Y J,Sun Y,Hu F F,et al. Research on synthetic optimum dynamic balancing of high-speed press machine[J]. Huazhong Univ. of Sci.&Tech.:Natural Science Edition,2016,44(6):24-28.
[8]程涛,刘艳雄,华林.超声波振动辅助精冲成形工艺研究[J].锻压技术,2016,41(4):25-35.Cheng T,Liu Y X,Hua L. Research on the technology of ultrasonic vibration assisted fine blanking process[J]. Forging&Stamping Technology,2016,41(4):25-35.
[9] Farmani M R,Jaamialahmadi A,Babaie M. Multiobjective optimization for force and moment balance of a four-bar linkage using evolutionary algorithms[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2011,25(12):2971-2977.