环境因素对户用光伏板发电效率的影响
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摘要
光伏发电系统在单体建筑中被越来越广泛地使用,但是在实际运行条件下,他们的性能得不到理想的发挥,例如环境温度、风速和太阳辐照度等环境因素对户用光伏面板的效率有着重要影响。对位于中国甘肃省武威市民勤县的一座单体建筑在冬季供暖期间进行光伏发电系统试验研究,该试验测试用于量化户用光伏面板的性能和运行特性。试验结果表明,该光伏面板的最大效率为14.75%,最小效率为11.52%;效率最大平均值为13.82%,最小平均值为12.78%。
House-hold PV panels are widely used, however, their performance is significantly degraded under real operating conditions. Environmental factors such as ambient temperature, wind speed, and solar irradiance has a major impact on the house-hold PV panel efficiency. In this paper an experimental study was conducted during the winter period in a single building in Minqin county, Gansu province, China. The experimental measurements were used to quantify the house-hold PV panel performance and operating characteristics. Based on the experimental results the maximum efficiency was 14.75%, the minimum efficiency was 11.52%, while the maximum mean of the efficiency was 13.82%, and the minimum mean was 12.78%.
House-hold PV panels are widely used, however, their performance is significantly degraded under real operating conditions. Environmental factors such as ambient temperature, wind speed, and solar irradiance has a major impact on the house-hold PV panel efficiency. In this paper an experimental study was conducted during the winter period in a single building in Minqin county, Gansu province, China. The experimental measurements were used to quantify the house-hold PV panel performance and operating characteristics. Based on the experimental results the maximum efficiency was 14.75%, the minimum efficiency was 11.52%, while the maximum mean of the efficiency was 13.82%, and the minimum mean was 12.78%.
引文
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[2]Obeidat F.A comprehensive review of future photovoltaic systems[J].Solar Energy,2018,163:545-551.
[3]Bai A,Popp J,Balogh P,et al.Technical and economic effects of cooling of monocrystalline photovoltaic modules under Hungarian conditions[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2016,60:1086-1099.
[4]Ndiaye A,KébéC M F,Charki A,et al.Degradation evaluation of crystalline-silicon photovoltaic modules after a few operation years in a tropical environment[J].Solar Energy,2014,103:70-77.
[5]Kahoul N,Houabes M,Sadok M.Assessing the early degradation of photovoltaic modules performance in the Saharan region[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2014,82:320-326.
[6]Sen R,Bhattacharyya S C.Off-grid electricity generation with renewable energy technologies in?India:An application of HOMER[J].Renewable Energy,2014,62:388-398.
[7]Sieminski A.International energy outlook[J].Energy Information Administration(EIA),2014.
[8]Outlook A E.Energy information administration[J].Department of Energy,2010(9):1-15.
[9]Touati F,Al-Hitmi M A,Chowdhury N A,et al.Investigation of solar PV performance under Doha weather using a customized measurement and monitoring system[J].Renewable Energy,2016,89:564-577.
[10]Bendib B,Belmili H,Krim F.A survey of the most used MPPT methods:Conventional and advanced algorithms applied for photovoltaic systems[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2015,45:637-648.
[11]Skoplaki E,Palyvos J A.Operating temperature of photovoltaic modules:A survey of pertinent correlations[J].Renewable Energy,2009,34(1):23-29.
[12]Alami A H.Effects of evaporative cooling on efficiency of photovoltaic modules[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2014.77:668-679.
[13]Nizetic S,Cˇoko D,Yadav A,et al.Water spray cooling technique applied on a photovoltaic panel:The performance response[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2016,108:287-296.
[14]Polo J,Fernandez-Neira W,Alonso-García M.On the use of reference modules as irradiance sensor for monitoring and modelling rooftop PV systems[J].Renewable Energy,2017,106:186-191.
[15]Yang D.On adding and removing sensors in a solar irradiance monitoring network for areal forecasting and PV system performance evaluation[J].Solar Energy,2017,155:1417-1430.
[16]Abdolzadeh M,Ameri M.Improving the effectiveness of a photovoltaic water pumping system by spraying water over the front of photovoltaic cells.Renewable Energy,2009,34(1):91-96.
[17]Habiballahi M,Ameri M,Mansouri S.Efficiency improvement of photovoltaic water pumping systems by means of water flow beneath photovoltaic cells surface[J].Journal of Solar Energy Engineering,2015,137(4):044501.
[18]Aelenei L,Pereira R,Gon9alves H,et al.Thermal performance of a hybrid BIPV-PCM:Modeling,design and experimental investigation[J].Energy Procedia,2014,48:474-483.
[19]Ibrahim H,Anani N.Variations of PV module parameters with irradiance and temperature[J].Energy Procedia,2017,134:276-285.
[20]Elbreki A M,Alghoul M A,Sopian K,et al.Towards adopting passive heat dissipation approaches for temperature regulation of PV module as a sustainable solution[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017,69:961-1017.
[21]Bouraiou A,Hamouda M,Chaker A,et al.Experimental investigation of observed defects in crystalline silicon PVmodules under outdoor hot dry climatic conditions in Algeria[J].Solar Energy,2018,159:475-487.
[22]Schwingshackl C,Petitta M,Wagner J E,et al.Wind effect on PV module temperature:Analysis of different techniques for an accurate estimation[J].Energy Procedia,2013,40:77-86.
[23]Koehl M,Heck M,Wiesmeier S,et al.Modeling of the nominal operating cell temperature based on outdoor weathering[J].Solar Energy Materials&Solar Cells,2011,95(7):1638-1646.
[24]Migan G A.Study the operating temperature of a PVmodule[C].2013 MVK160 Heat and Mass Transfer,2013.
[25]Institution B S.Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic(PV)modules-Design qualification and type approval[J].International Standard IEC,2005.