MS-222和丁香酚对克氏原螯虾幼虾耗氧率、排氨率及窒息点的影响
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摘要
为在克氏原螯虾Procambarus clarkii生产和选育过程中能够使用更加适合的麻醉剂,在水温为(18.0±0.5)℃条件下,进行了不同浓度MS-222(0、20、40、60、80、100 mg/L)和丁香酚(0、8、16、24、32、40 mg/L)两种麻醉剂对体质量为(4.18±0.54)g克氏原螯虾幼虾呼吸与排泄的影响试验。结果表明:随着两种麻醉剂浓度的升高,克氏原螯虾的耗氧率和排氨率均呈先升高后降低的趋势;与对照组相比,MS-222浓度为20~100 mg/L时不能有效降低克氏原螯虾的耗氧率,浓度为100 mg/L时可以降低其排氨率,但无显著性差异(P>0.05);丁香酚浓度为40 mg/L时可显著降低克氏原螯虾耗氧率和排氨率(P<0.05);麻醉后克氏原螯虾的窒息点均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,在本试验条件下,MS-222对克氏原螯虾无明显麻醉效果,40 mg/L丁香酚可推荐为克氏原螯虾运输时的麻醉剂量,建议麻醉时间不超过4 h。
Effects of MS-222(0,20,40,60,80,and 100 mg/L) and clove oil(0,8,16,24,32,and 40 mg/L) on oxygen consumption rate,ammonia excretion rate and asphyxial point were investigated in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii with body weight of(4.18± 0.54) g at water temperature of(18.0±0.5) ℃ to improve the use of anesthetics in culture and breeding of red swamp crayfish. The oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate were found to firstly go up,and then to be down as with the anesthetic concentration was increased.Compared with the control group,no decrease in oxygen consumption rate was observed in the crayfish exposed to low concentration(20-100 mg/L) of MS-222,even though decrease in ammonia excretion rate in the crayfish exposed to 100 mg/L MS-222,without significant difference(P > 0.05). There was significantly lower oxygen consumption and ammonia nitrogen in the crayfish exposed to 40 mg/L clove oil(P<0.05),and the crayfish had significantly higher asphyxiation points than the crayfish in the control group did(P<0.05). In conclusion,there was no significant anesthetic effect of MS-222 on the crayfish,while it was recommended that clove oil be used for live transportation of red swamp crayfish at concentration of below 40 mg/L within 4 h.
Effects of MS-222(0,20,40,60,80,and 100 mg/L) and clove oil(0,8,16,24,32,and 40 mg/L) on oxygen consumption rate,ammonia excretion rate and asphyxial point were investigated in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii with body weight of(4.18± 0.54) g at water temperature of(18.0±0.5) ℃ to improve the use of anesthetics in culture and breeding of red swamp crayfish. The oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate were found to firstly go up,and then to be down as with the anesthetic concentration was increased.Compared with the control group,no decrease in oxygen consumption rate was observed in the crayfish exposed to low concentration(20-100 mg/L) of MS-222,even though decrease in ammonia excretion rate in the crayfish exposed to 100 mg/L MS-222,without significant difference(P > 0.05). There was significantly lower oxygen consumption and ammonia nitrogen in the crayfish exposed to 40 mg/L clove oil(P<0.05),and the crayfish had significantly higher asphyxiation points than the crayfish in the control group did(P<0.05). In conclusion,there was no significant anesthetic effect of MS-222 on the crayfish,while it was recommended that clove oil be used for live transportation of red swamp crayfish at concentration of below 40 mg/L within 4 h.
引文
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[14]曹善茂,梁伟锋,刘钢,等.不同生态因子对岩扇贝幼贝耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(3):280-286.
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[17]徐滨,庄平,章龙珍,等.电麻醉与化学麻醉对施氏鲟幼鱼麻醉效果的比较[J].上海水产大学学报,2008,17(5):539-546.
[18]李思发.鱼类麻醉剂[J].淡水渔业,1988(1):22-23.
[2]陈细华,朱永久,刘鉴毅,等.MS-222对中华鲟和施氏鲟的麻醉试验[J].淡水渔业,2006,36(1):39-42.
[3]Woody C A,Nelson J,Ramstad K.Clove oil as an anaesthetic for adult sockeye salmon:field trials[J].Journal of Fish Biology,2002,60(2):340-347.
[4]胡发文,李莉,刘元文,等.丁香油和MS-222对大泷六线鱼幼鱼的麻醉效果[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(6):671-675.
[5]Modlin R F,Froelich A J.Influence of temperature,salinity,and weight on the oxygen consumption of a laboratory population of Americamysis bahia(Mysidacea)[J].Journal of Crustacean Biology,1997,17(1):21-26.
[6]殷名称.鱼类生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:91-97.
[7]张朝晖,丛娇日,王波,等.麻醉剂丁香酚对黄腊鲹耗氧的影响[J].海洋科学,2003,27(6):11-14,34.
[8]庄平,徐滨,章龙珍.MS-222和丁香酚对中华鲟幼鱼耗氧率与排氨率的影响[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(4):612-618.
[9]冯广朋,庄平,章龙珍.麻醉剂丁香酚对西伯利亚鲟稚鱼耗氧率与幼鱼血液生化指标的影响[J].大连水产学院学报,2010,25(2):113-119.
[10]Coyle S D,Dasgupta S,Tidwell J H,et al.Comparative efficacy of anesthetics for the freshwater prawn Macrobrachiurn rosenbergii[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2005,36(3):282-290.
[11]何新龙,傅洪拓,龚永生,等.丁香酚对日本沼虾麻醉效果的研究[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(9):620-623.
[12]郭晓鸣,朱松泉.克氏原螯虾幼体发育的初步研究[J].动物学报,1997,43(4):372-381.
[13]龚世园,吕建林,孙瑞杰,等.克氏原螯虾繁殖生物学研究[J].淡水渔业,2008,38(6):23-25,30.
[14]曹善茂,梁伟锋,刘钢,等.不同生态因子对岩扇贝幼贝耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(3):280-286.
[15]Vernberg W B,Vernberg E J.海洋动物环境生理学[M].宋天复,译.北京:农业出版社,1982.
[16]Cooke S J,Suski C D,Ostrand K G,et al.Behavioral and physiological assessment of low concentrations of clove oil anaesthetic for handling and transporting largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)[J].Aquaculture,2004,239(1-4):509-529.
[17]徐滨,庄平,章龙珍,等.电麻醉与化学麻醉对施氏鲟幼鱼麻醉效果的比较[J].上海水产大学学报,2008,17(5):539-546.
[18]李思发.鱼类麻醉剂[J].淡水渔业,1988(1):22-23.