絮凝法在重金属废水处理中的研究进展与应用
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摘要
絮凝法是去除重金属的重要方法之一,其中重金属螯合捕集絮凝剂的选用尤为关键。重金属螯合捕集絮凝剂可分为无机高分子絮凝剂、有机合成絮凝剂、改性天然高分子絮凝剂以及微生物絮凝剂。其中,有机合成絮凝剂根据相对分子质量大小可分为有机合成低分子絮凝剂与有机合成高分子絮凝剂两类;改性天然高分子絮凝剂按照改性材料可分为改性壳聚糖类高分子絮凝剂、改性淀粉类高分子絮凝剂以及改性纤维素类高分子絮凝剂。文中对重金属螯合捕集絮凝剂的絮凝性能进行了综述,并对絮凝去除重金属的机理进行了讨论,在此基础上,对重金属螯合捕集絮凝剂的制备工艺优化和发展前景进行了分析与建议。
Flocculation is one of the most important processes to remove heavy metals,and the selection of flocculant is particularly critical. Heavy-metal-chelating flocculants can be divided into inorganic polymer flocculants,organic synthetic flocculants,modified natural polymer flocculants and microbial flocculants. Among them,organic synthetic flocculants can be divided into low molecular weight organic flocculants and macromolecular organic flocculants based on molecular weight,and modified natural polymer flocculants can be divided into modified chitosan polymer flocculants,modified starch polymer flocculants and modified cellulose polymer flocculants according to modified materials. Based on the review of flocculation performance and removal mechanism of heavy-metal-chelating flocculant,preparation process optimization and prospects of heavy-metal-chelating flocculants are analyzed and discussed.
Flocculation is one of the most important processes to remove heavy metals,and the selection of flocculant is particularly critical. Heavy-metal-chelating flocculants can be divided into inorganic polymer flocculants,organic synthetic flocculants,modified natural polymer flocculants and microbial flocculants. Among them,organic synthetic flocculants can be divided into low molecular weight organic flocculants and macromolecular organic flocculants based on molecular weight,and modified natural polymer flocculants can be divided into modified chitosan polymer flocculants,modified starch polymer flocculants and modified cellulose polymer flocculants according to modified materials. Based on the review of flocculation performance and removal mechanism of heavy-metal-chelating flocculant,preparation process optimization and prospects of heavy-metal-chelating flocculants are analyzed and discussed.
引文
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[15]许小洁,吴纯德,董琪,等.联合硅藻土与PAC强化混凝处理含藻微污染原水[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(9):1979-1983.
[16]刘培,葛黎明,程智,等.重金属捕集剂DTC(EDA)处理含锌废水的应用研究[J].现代化工,2016,36(9):100-103.
[17]成应向,马超,王强强,等.DMDAAC复配改性PFSS处理高砷、镉废水的研究[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(9):77-81.
[18]FU F,WANG Q.Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters:A review[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92(3):407-418.
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[20]刘立华,吴俊,李鑫,等.两性高分子螯合絮凝剂的合成及作用机理[J].环境化学,2011,24(4):843-850.
[21]王君杰,王风贺,雷武,等.新型重金属捕集剂NBMIPA处理含铜汞废水[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(11):3933-3936.
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