营运船舶主机能效和碳排放等级评定方法
|
摘要
[目的]为使营运船舶主推进柴油机(主机)具备可操作的能效和碳排放强度评定方法以及等级划分标准,[方法]将单位营运燃油消耗率(SFOC)作为主机的能效指标,提出主机各级能效划分阈值的计算公式和能效等级偏离系数的计算方法,确定各级能效划分阈值的偏离系数,制定出能效等级评定的方法、划分范围及原则。以营运船舶"育鲲"轮的主机为应用对象,基于实验数据,对其进行能效等级评定。[结果]计算结果表明,"育鲲"轮的主机营运燃油消耗率为190.03 g/(kW·h);1,2级及2,3级能效划分阈值分别为191.86和203.15 g/(kW·h)。最终,将"育鲲"轮主机的能效等级评定为1级。[结论]研究结果有效反映了"育鲲"轮主机的管理水平、技术状态、能效水平及碳排放状态,所提方法符合亚太能源中心等机构关于评定方法的目标性、合理性、可行性、系统性及导向性要求。
[Objectives] In order to establish a practical evaluation method and rating standard for energy efficiency and carbon emission intensity of main propulsion diesel engine(main engine) in operation ships, [Methods] this paper uses the Specific Fuel Oil Consumption(SFOC) of main engine as the energy efficiency indicator, provides formulas for calculating the threshold of main engine energy efficiency at various level and the methods for calculating the energy efficiency level deviation coefficient,by which the level deviation coefficients of the energy efficiency level thresholds are determined, and the method, scope and principle of the energy efficiency evaluation are established. Moreover, the proposed methods are then applied to evaluate the energy efficiency of YUKUN ship based on the experiment data.[Results] The calculation results reveals that the main engine's SFOC is 190.03 g/(kW · h), the thresholds of main engine energy efficiency for the 1 st and 2 nd grade is 191.86 g/(kW · h), and the 2 nd and 3 rd grade 203.15 g/(kW·h). The energy efficiency of YUKUN ship is then classified as the 1 st grade.[Conclusions] The results can effectively reflect the management level, technical status, energy efficiency level, and carbon emission status of YUKUN ship. The methods are in line with the requirements of the Asia-Pacific Energy Centre and other agencies in terms of objectivity, rationality,feasibility, systematism and guidance.
[Objectives] In order to establish a practical evaluation method and rating standard for energy efficiency and carbon emission intensity of main propulsion diesel engine(main engine) in operation ships, [Methods] this paper uses the Specific Fuel Oil Consumption(SFOC) of main engine as the energy efficiency indicator, provides formulas for calculating the threshold of main engine energy efficiency at various level and the methods for calculating the energy efficiency level deviation coefficient,by which the level deviation coefficients of the energy efficiency level thresholds are determined, and the method, scope and principle of the energy efficiency evaluation are established. Moreover, the proposed methods are then applied to evaluate the energy efficiency of YUKUN ship based on the experiment data.[Results] The calculation results reveals that the main engine's SFOC is 190.03 g/(kW · h), the thresholds of main engine energy efficiency for the 1 st and 2 nd grade is 191.86 g/(kW · h), and the 2 nd and 3 rd grade 203.15 g/(kW·h). The energy efficiency of YUKUN ship is then classified as the 1 st grade.[Conclusions] The results can effectively reflect the management level, technical status, energy efficiency level, and carbon emission status of YUKUN ship. The methods are in line with the requirements of the Asia-Pacific Energy Centre and other agencies in terms of objectivity, rationality,feasibility, systematism and guidance.
引文
[1]Fan Q Z,Zhang Y,Ma W C,et al.Spatial and seasonal dynamics of ship emissions over the Yangtze river delta and east china sea and their potential environmental influence[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2016,50(3):1322-1329.
[2]Smith T W P,Jalkanen J P,Anderson B A,et al.Reduction of GHG emissions from ships third IMO GHGstudy 2014-final report:MEPC 67 INF.3[R].London:IMO,2014.
[3]刘伊凡,孙培廷,张跃文,等.船舶能效营运指数预测的建模及仿真分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2016,37(8):1015-1021.Liu Y F,Sun P T,Zhang Y W,et al.Modeling and simulation analysis to establish ship energy efficiency operational indicator[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2016,37(8):1015-1021(in Chinese).
[4]Bencs L,Horemans B,Buczynska A J,et al.Uneven distribution of inorganic pollutants in marine air originating from ocean-going ships[J].Environmental Pollution,2017,222:226-233.
[5]李斌.船舶能效设计指数和能效营运指数介绍及分析[J].世界海运,2012,35(3):23-26.Li B.Introduction and analysis of ship energy efficiency design index and energy efficiency operation index1[J].World Shipping,2012,35(3):23-26(in Chinese).
[6]郭军武.基于空燃比的船舶柴油机碳排放计算方法研究[J].船舶工程,2015,37(增刊1):86-89.Guo J W.Research for calculation method of marine diesel engine carbon emissions based on air-fuel ratio[J].Ship Engineering,2015,37(Supp 1):86-89(in Chinese).
[7]杨昺崧.基于热经济学原理的船舶主机能量系统优化与船舶能效评价方法研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2013.Yang B S.Study on method of energy efficiency evaluation and marine main engine energy system optimization based on Thermo-economic principle[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2013(in Chinese).
[8]张丽瑛.船舶能效设计指数及其未来对船舶业的影响[J].中国水运,2011,11(1):1-3,5.Zhang L Y.Ship energy efficiency design index and the impact on shipping industry[J].China Water Transport,2011,11(1):1-3,5(in Chinese).
[9]张跃文,达勇,邹永久,等.船舶主机选型对EEDI的影响[J].世界海运,2015,38(11):34-38.Zhang Y W,Da Y,Zou Y J,et al.The influence of marine main diesel engine selection on EEDI[J].World Shipping,2015,38(11):34-38(in Chinese).
[10]黄京民.船舶能效营运指数和能效管理实践分析[J].世界海运,2016,39(7):26-30.Huang J M.Analysis of ship energy efficiency operation index and energy efficiency management[J].World Shipping,2016,39(7):26-30(in Chinese).
[11]刘雅玲.新造船能效设计指数介绍及分析[J].中国造船,2009,50(4):165-170.Liu Y L.Introduction and study of new ship energy efficiency design index(EEDI)[J].Shipbuilding of China,2009,50(4):165-170(in Chinese).
[12]蔡清男,朱志宇.改进效率控制推进电机的优化分析[J].中国舰船研究,2017,12(6):120-126,140.Cai Q N,Zhu Z Y.Optimization analysis of propulsion motor control efficiency[J].Chinese Journal of Ship Research,2017,12(6):120-126,140(in Chinese).
[13]张刚,蒋德志.大型船舶降速节能下主机最优运行功率分析[J].船舶工程,2017,39(5):60-65.Zhang G,Jiang D Z.Analysis of main engine optimal power on energy conserving of large ship slow steaming[J].Ship Engineering,2017,39(5):60-65(in Chinese).119
[2]Smith T W P,Jalkanen J P,Anderson B A,et al.Reduction of GHG emissions from ships third IMO GHGstudy 2014-final report:MEPC 67 INF.3[R].London:IMO,2014.
[3]刘伊凡,孙培廷,张跃文,等.船舶能效营运指数预测的建模及仿真分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2016,37(8):1015-1021.Liu Y F,Sun P T,Zhang Y W,et al.Modeling and simulation analysis to establish ship energy efficiency operational indicator[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2016,37(8):1015-1021(in Chinese).
[4]Bencs L,Horemans B,Buczynska A J,et al.Uneven distribution of inorganic pollutants in marine air originating from ocean-going ships[J].Environmental Pollution,2017,222:226-233.
[5]李斌.船舶能效设计指数和能效营运指数介绍及分析[J].世界海运,2012,35(3):23-26.Li B.Introduction and analysis of ship energy efficiency design index and energy efficiency operation index1[J].World Shipping,2012,35(3):23-26(in Chinese).
[6]郭军武.基于空燃比的船舶柴油机碳排放计算方法研究[J].船舶工程,2015,37(增刊1):86-89.Guo J W.Research for calculation method of marine diesel engine carbon emissions based on air-fuel ratio[J].Ship Engineering,2015,37(Supp 1):86-89(in Chinese).
[7]杨昺崧.基于热经济学原理的船舶主机能量系统优化与船舶能效评价方法研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2013.Yang B S.Study on method of energy efficiency evaluation and marine main engine energy system optimization based on Thermo-economic principle[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2013(in Chinese).
[8]张丽瑛.船舶能效设计指数及其未来对船舶业的影响[J].中国水运,2011,11(1):1-3,5.Zhang L Y.Ship energy efficiency design index and the impact on shipping industry[J].China Water Transport,2011,11(1):1-3,5(in Chinese).
[9]张跃文,达勇,邹永久,等.船舶主机选型对EEDI的影响[J].世界海运,2015,38(11):34-38.Zhang Y W,Da Y,Zou Y J,et al.The influence of marine main diesel engine selection on EEDI[J].World Shipping,2015,38(11):34-38(in Chinese).
[10]黄京民.船舶能效营运指数和能效管理实践分析[J].世界海运,2016,39(7):26-30.Huang J M.Analysis of ship energy efficiency operation index and energy efficiency management[J].World Shipping,2016,39(7):26-30(in Chinese).
[11]刘雅玲.新造船能效设计指数介绍及分析[J].中国造船,2009,50(4):165-170.Liu Y L.Introduction and study of new ship energy efficiency design index(EEDI)[J].Shipbuilding of China,2009,50(4):165-170(in Chinese).
[12]蔡清男,朱志宇.改进效率控制推进电机的优化分析[J].中国舰船研究,2017,12(6):120-126,140.Cai Q N,Zhu Z Y.Optimization analysis of propulsion motor control efficiency[J].Chinese Journal of Ship Research,2017,12(6):120-126,140(in Chinese).
[13]张刚,蒋德志.大型船舶降速节能下主机最优运行功率分析[J].船舶工程,2017,39(5):60-65.Zhang G,Jiang D Z.Analysis of main engine optimal power on energy conserving of large ship slow steaming[J].Ship Engineering,2017,39(5):60-65(in Chinese).119