轨道车辆转向架一系悬挂刚度测定
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摘要
为测定轨道车辆转向架一系悬挂的三向动、静态刚度,提出了基于转向架试验台的刚度测定试验方法,利用构架固定装置固定被测转向架构架,将一系悬挂与二系悬挂分离,对一系悬挂沿三个方向分别施加力并测量对应位移,进而计算刚度值,根据测定刚度值评估转向架一系悬挂的弹簧质量和装配关系是否符合要求。对某型号地铁拖车转向架一系悬挂的动、静态刚度进行测定试验,测得一系悬挂的三向静态刚度值和设计值的误差均在设计允许范围(10%)内,被测转向架一系悬挂符合设计要求;1#一系悬挂和2#一系悬挂的横向动态刚度随着频率增加而降低,3#一系悬挂和4#一系悬挂的横向动态刚度则在频率约为5.5 Hz和8.5Hz时均有波动,不同轮对上动态刚度的不同是由于轮轴和轴箱的装配差异造成的,应该对被测转向架一系悬挂的装配关系进行适当调校。
To determine the primary suspension dynamic and static stiffness of railway vehicle bogie,the test principle and method were proposed based on a new bogie test bench.The primary suspension and the secondary suspension were separated by a frame-fixing device,which was supposed to fasten the frame of the bogie.Forces along three directions were imposed respectively on the primary suspension,and the corresponding displacements were measured to calculate the stiffness.According to the calculated stiffness the spring quality and assembly relationship of the primary suspension were evaluated.For a certain metro trailer bogie,the dynamic and static stiffness of the primary suspension were measured by experiments.It is shown that differences between the measured static stiffness and the designed static stiffness of the primary suspension along the three directions are within allowed range of 10%.So the tested primary suspension of the bogie meets the designing requirements.The dynamic horizontal stiffness of the primary suspension is supposed to decrease with the increase in its corresponding frequency.However unlike 1# and 2# primary suspensions,which follow theprinciple mentioned above,the horizontal dynamic stiffness of 3# and 4# primary suspensions both fluctuated around the frequencies of 5.5 Hz and 8.5 Hz.This difference between the wheel sets is attributed to the assembly deviation of the wheels and axle box.Therefore,the assembly relationship of the primary suspension of the tested bogie should be appropriately adjusted.
To determine the primary suspension dynamic and static stiffness of railway vehicle bogie,the test principle and method were proposed based on a new bogie test bench.The primary suspension and the secondary suspension were separated by a frame-fixing device,which was supposed to fasten the frame of the bogie.Forces along three directions were imposed respectively on the primary suspension,and the corresponding displacements were measured to calculate the stiffness.According to the calculated stiffness the spring quality and assembly relationship of the primary suspension were evaluated.For a certain metro trailer bogie,the dynamic and static stiffness of the primary suspension were measured by experiments.It is shown that differences between the measured static stiffness and the designed static stiffness of the primary suspension along the three directions are within allowed range of 10%.So the tested primary suspension of the bogie meets the designing requirements.The dynamic horizontal stiffness of the primary suspension is supposed to decrease with the increase in its corresponding frequency.However unlike 1# and 2# primary suspensions,which follow theprinciple mentioned above,the horizontal dynamic stiffness of 3# and 4# primary suspensions both fluctuated around the frequencies of 5.5 Hz and 8.5 Hz.This difference between the wheel sets is attributed to the assembly deviation of the wheels and axle box.Therefore,the assembly relationship of the primary suspension of the tested bogie should be appropriately adjusted.
引文
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[2]Abdellatif H,Heimann B.Computational efficient inverse dynamics of 6-DOF fully parallel manipulators by using the Lagrangian formalism[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2009,44(1):192-207.
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[4]李广军,金炜东,陈春俊.列车横向半主动悬挂变论域模糊控制[J].光学精密工程,2013,21(12):3298-3307.Li Guang-jun,Jin Wei-dong,Chen Chun-jun.Variable universe fuzzy control of train lateral semi-active suspension system[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2013,21(12):3298-3307.
[5]左国兵,王进,林达文,等.金属-橡胶复合锥形弹簧的试验研究[J].铁道车辆,2005,43(2):9-12.Zuo Guo-bing,Wang Jin,Lin Da-wen,et al.Experimental study on metal-rubber composite conical spring[J].Railway Vehicles,2005,43(2):9-12.
[6]李志强,李亨利,缪惠勇.新型轴箱橡胶弹簧的研制[J].铁道车辆,2011,49(4):12-14.Li Zhi-qiang,Li Heng-li,Miao Hui-yong.Development of a new rubber spring[J].Railway Vehicles,2011,49(4):12-14.
[7]高云鹤,张卫华,李艳.一种能同时测量铁路车辆转向架三向刚度的测定试验台[P].中国:200810044274.5,2008-04-23.
[8]Lia Ping,Goodalla R,Westonb P,et al.Estimation of railway vehicle suspension parameters for condition monitoring[J].Control Engineering Practice,2007,15(1):43-55.
[9]王秀刚,刘玉梅,苏建,等.转向架回转力矩测试及运动平台位姿解算[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2014,44(1):35-40.Wang Xiu-gang,Liu Yu-mei,Su Jian,et al.Bogie rotary torque test and inverse kinematics solution of motion platform[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2014,44(1):35-40.