基于试验台的转向架二系悬挂刚度测定试验
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摘要
为实现转向架二系悬挂静动刚度的测试,提出针对整备状态转向架二系悬挂三向动、静态刚度进行单独测定试验方法,建立二系空簧动、静刚度测试模型,根据模型分析二系空簧动、静刚度与所受载荷和形变的关系。利用转向架参数试验台对某型号地铁拖车转向架二系悬挂的动、静刚度进行测定试验,计算出系统的测试重复性误差为0.58%,测试重复性较好。根据试验数据得到横向止挡特性曲线与橡胶材料特性相符合,1#二系空簧纵向静态刚度试验值与设计值误差达到18.1%,并且1#二系空簧纵向动态刚度在5 Hz左右有一个快速增加的波峰。基于试验结果,推测是由于1#空簧质量或者装配尺寸不符合要求造成了1#二系空簧纵向刚度的异常变化,应对1#二系空簧的装配关系进行调校,可根据测试结果对转向架二系悬挂参数及装配关系进行优化。
For the realization of static and dynamic stiffness of bogie secondary suspension test, a separated test method of secondary suspension bogies three dimensional dynamic and static stiffness is proposed, and the dynamic and static stiffness test model of secondary air spring is established, According to this model, the relationship between the dynamic and static stiffness and the load and the deformation is analyzed. Besides, using bogie parameters test bench, the secondary suspension's dynamic and static stiffness of a certain metro trailer bogie is tested, The system's repeatability error is 0.58%, and the test repeatability is good. According to test data, the lateral stopping block's characteristic curve is consistent with the rubber material characteristics. The error between test value of 1# secondary air spring longitudinal static stiffness and its design value is 18.1%, and the dynamic stiffness of 1# secondary air spring has a rapid increase in wave crest at about 5 Hz. Based on the above test results, it is inferred that the abnormal change of 1# secondary air spring longitudinal stiffness is due to the 1# air spring's quality or assembly dimensions without meeting the requirements, so 1# secondary air spring's assembly relationships should be adjusted, The bogie secondary suspension's parameters and assembly relationships should be optimized according to test results.
For the realization of static and dynamic stiffness of bogie secondary suspension test, a separated test method of secondary suspension bogies three dimensional dynamic and static stiffness is proposed, and the dynamic and static stiffness test model of secondary air spring is established, According to this model, the relationship between the dynamic and static stiffness and the load and the deformation is analyzed. Besides, using bogie parameters test bench, the secondary suspension's dynamic and static stiffness of a certain metro trailer bogie is tested, The system's repeatability error is 0.58%, and the test repeatability is good. According to test data, the lateral stopping block's characteristic curve is consistent with the rubber material characteristics. The error between test value of 1# secondary air spring longitudinal static stiffness and its design value is 18.1%, and the dynamic stiffness of 1# secondary air spring has a rapid increase in wave crest at about 5 Hz. Based on the above test results, it is inferred that the abnormal change of 1# secondary air spring longitudinal stiffness is due to the 1# air spring's quality or assembly dimensions without meeting the requirements, so 1# secondary air spring's assembly relationships should be adjusted, The bogie secondary suspension's parameters and assembly relationships should be optimized according to test results.
引文
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[17]张益瑞,苏建,张兰,等.轨道车辆转向架一系悬挂刚度测定[J].吉林大学学报,2016,46(4):1083-1089.ZHANG Yirui,SU Jian,ZHANG Lan,et al.Primary suspension stiffness testing of railway vehicle bogie[J].Journal of Jilin University,2016,46(4):1083-1089.
[18]石怀龙,宋烨,邬平波,等.高速动车组转向架悬挂刚度特性[J].吉林大学学报,2015,45(3):776-782.SHI Huailong,SONG Ye,WU Pingbo,et al.Calculation and testing of suspension stiffness of a bogie of high speed EMU[J].Journal of Jilin University,2015,45(3):776-782.
[19]SHI Huailong,WU Pingbo,LUO Ren,et al.Calculation and laboratory testing of the rotation resistance of a bogie[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part F Journal of Rail&Rapid Transit,2015,229(2):210-219.
[20]吉林大学.一种龙门框架式轨道车辆转向架参数测定试验台:中国,ZL201210346911.0[P].2015-07-08.Jilin University.A gantry framework test bench for parameters determination of railway vehicles bogie:China,ZL201210346911.0[P].2015-07-08.
[2]李芾,付茂海,黄运华,等.车辆空气弹簧动力学参数特性研究[J].中国铁道科学,2003,24(5):91-95.LI Fu,FU Maohai,HUANG Yunhua,et al.Research on car air spring dynamics parameter traits[J].China Railway Science,2003,24(5):91-95.
[3]刘宏友.高速列车中的关键动力学问题研究[J].中国铁道科学,2004,25(1):136-138.LIU Hongyou.Study on key dynamics problems of high-speed train[J].China Railway Science,2004,25(1):136-138.
[4]朴明伟,任晋峰,李娜,等.基于空簧悬挂特性的高铁车辆垂向振动舒适性对比研究[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(1):71-77.PIAO Mingwei,REN Jinfeng,LI Na,et al.Comparative study on vertical vibration comfort of high-speed railway vehicle based on the suspension characteristics of air spring[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(1):71-77.
[5]周维江.单轮对动力转向架的设计研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.ZHOU Weijiang.Research on design of signgle-axle driving bogie[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2008.
[6]池茂儒,张卫华,曾京,等.高速客车转向架悬挂参数分析[J].大连交通大学学报,2007,28(3):13-19.CHI Maoru,ZHANG Weihua,ZENG Jing,et al.Study of suspension param eter of high speed passenger car bogies[J].Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University,2007,28(3):13-19.
[7]ABOOD K H A,KHAN R A.Railway carriage model to study the influence of vertical secondary stiffness on ride comfort of railway carbody running on curved tracks[J].Modern Applied Science,2011,5(2):11-24.
[8]SHARMA S K,KUNMAR A.Ride performance of a high speed rail vehicle using controlled semi active suspension system[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2017,26(5):055026.
[9]AIZPUN M,ALONSO A,VINOLAS J.A new parameter identification methodology for the bogie rotational resistance test of a rail vehicle[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part F Journal of Rail&Rapid Transit,2016,107(Suppl.):1686-1689.
[10]BIDELEH S M M,BERBYUK V.Global sensitivity analysis of bogie dynamics with respect to suspension components[J].Multibody System Dynamics,2016,37(2):145-174.
[11]秦震,周素霞,孙晨龙,等.减振器特性参数对高速动车组临界速度的影响研究[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(6):138-144.QIN Zhen,ZHOU Suxia,SUN Chenlong,et al.Influence of hydraulic shock absorber characteristic parameters on the critical speed of high-speed trains[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(8):166-174.
[12]西南交通大学.一种能同时测量铁路车辆转向架三向刚度的测定试验台:中国,ZL200810044274.5[P].2009-08-12.Southwest Jiaotong University.A test bench for three direction stiffness of railway vehicle bogie for simultaneous measurement:China,ZL200810044274.5[P].2009-08-12.
[13]计强.新一代货车通用性能参数试验台研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2005.JI Qiang.Research on performance parameter test rig of freight car[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2005.
[14]HE Zhuoyu.Simulation analysis of influences of anti-roll torsion bar on vehicle dynamics[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2013(4):1486-1491.
[15]戚壮,李芾,黄运华,等.基于AMESim平台的轨道车辆空气弹簧系统气动力学仿真模型研究[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(3):79-86.QI Zhuang,LI Fu,HUANG Yunhua,et al.Study on the pneumatic simulation model of railway vehicle air spring system based on AMESim[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(3):79-86.
[16]陈俊杰,殷智宏,何江华,等.带节流阻尼孔和附加气室的空气弹簧系统建模和动态特性研究[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(8):166-174.CHEN Junjie,YIN Zhihong,HE Jianghua,et al.Study on modelling and dynamic characteristic of air spring with throttling damping orifice and auxiliary chamber[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(8):166-174.
[17]张益瑞,苏建,张兰,等.轨道车辆转向架一系悬挂刚度测定[J].吉林大学学报,2016,46(4):1083-1089.ZHANG Yirui,SU Jian,ZHANG Lan,et al.Primary suspension stiffness testing of railway vehicle bogie[J].Journal of Jilin University,2016,46(4):1083-1089.
[18]石怀龙,宋烨,邬平波,等.高速动车组转向架悬挂刚度特性[J].吉林大学学报,2015,45(3):776-782.SHI Huailong,SONG Ye,WU Pingbo,et al.Calculation and testing of suspension stiffness of a bogie of high speed EMU[J].Journal of Jilin University,2015,45(3):776-782.
[19]SHI Huailong,WU Pingbo,LUO Ren,et al.Calculation and laboratory testing of the rotation resistance of a bogie[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part F Journal of Rail&Rapid Transit,2015,229(2):210-219.
[20]吉林大学.一种龙门框架式轨道车辆转向架参数测定试验台:中国,ZL201210346911.0[P].2015-07-08.Jilin University.A gantry framework test bench for parameters determination of railway vehicles bogie:China,ZL201210346911.0[P].2015-07-08.