大数据时代犯罪现场特点新探
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摘要
犯罪现场是侦查破案的基础。研究犯罪现场的特点,可以更好地解析犯罪现场的现象与本质、要素与结构、存在与变化规律,不仅可以从理论上提高对犯罪现场属性和规律的认知,也可以指导侦查人员建立科学的理念,提高现场勘查工作的质量。传统的犯罪现场勘查理论认为犯罪现场具有客观性、特定性、阶段性、易变性、可知性的特点。随着社会信息化和法治化的发展,犯罪现场构成要素和结构发生很大的变化。新时代犯罪现场的特点还可以增加整体性、复杂性、信息性、证据性和伪装性,以适应重构犯罪现场勘查学理论的发展需要。
Crime scenes are the foundation of the investigation and solution to cases. To study the characteristics of crime scenes can help analyze the presence and nature, the elements and structures, as well as the existence and changing rules of crime scenes. Also it can improve the recognition of the nature and rules of crime scenes, and guide investigators to establish scientific concepts to improve their work.The traditional theory holds that the characteristics of crime scenes include objectivity, specificity,periodicity, changeability and knowability. Along with the development of the society's informatization and legalization, the elements and structures of crime scenes have changed a lot. In the age of Big Data, in order to meet the need of reconstructing the theory of crime scene investigation, the characteristics of crime scenes should also include integrity, complexity, informatization and evidence and camouflaged.
Crime scenes are the foundation of the investigation and solution to cases. To study the characteristics of crime scenes can help analyze the presence and nature, the elements and structures, as well as the existence and changing rules of crime scenes. Also it can improve the recognition of the nature and rules of crime scenes, and guide investigators to establish scientific concepts to improve their work.The traditional theory holds that the characteristics of crime scenes include objectivity, specificity,periodicity, changeability and knowability. Along with the development of the society's informatization and legalization, the elements and structures of crime scenes have changed a lot. In the age of Big Data, in order to meet the need of reconstructing the theory of crime scene investigation, the characteristics of crime scenes should also include integrity, complexity, informatization and evidence and camouflaged.
引文
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[3]蔡新建,贾永生.铁路犯罪现场勘查[M].北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2014:2-3.
[4]阎长庆.刑事侦察学教程[Z].中国刑事警察学院(内部教材),1985:12-33.
[5]许国志.系统科学[M].上海:上海科技教育出版社,2000:1-5.
[6]陈秋萍,刘斌.系统科学中的哲学思想[J].株洲工学院学报,2002(4):147-150.
[7]达娃,小普桑,钟鑫.现场勘查中犯罪心理痕迹运用的理论研究[J].西藏科技,2007(1):18.
[8]艾明.论犯罪现场立体勘查[J].山东警察学院学报,2009(2):66.
[9](美)詹姆斯·格雷克.信息简史[M].高博,译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2013:267.
[10]郝宏奎.犯罪现场勘查[M].北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2006:18.
[11]刘品新.反侦查行为—犯罪侦查的新视角[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2011:13-16.