不同摄食水平哲罗幼鱼排氨率的研究
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摘要
为了解摄食水平对哲罗幼鱼排氨率的影响,制定更科学的投喂策略,采用实验生态学方法研究了3个摄食水平(2%、4%、6%)的哲罗(Hucho taimen)幼鱼摄食前后的排氨率。结果显示:摄食后,3个摄食水平的哲罗幼鱼的排氨率均迅速上升,到达最大值后再缓慢下降,最后恢复到各自的初始水平;3个摄食水平的哲罗幼鱼的排氨持续时间(DNR)为(17.0±0.30)、(18.0±0.50)、(19.0±0.60)h,排氨率峰值时间(TNR)为(7.0±0.00)、(7.0±0.20)、(8.0±0.60)h,二者均随着摄食水平的增加而延长;哲罗幼鱼平均排氨率(NRave)和最大排氨率(NRmax)与摄食水平(m)之间的拟合方程分别为:NRave=1.1917+0.1581m(R2=0.9783,2.15% In order to understand the effects of feeding level on ammonia excretion rate of the young taimen(Hucho taimen, Pallas) and formulate more scientific feeding strategies, using the ecological method, the studymeasured the ammonia excretion rate at three meal sizes. The results showed that, the ammonia excretion rateof three meal sizes were all increased drastically to the maximum, and then decreased slowly to the initial state.DNRand TNR were both prolonged as meal sizes increased. The regression equation of average ammoniaexcretion rate on the meal size was NRave = 1.1917 + 0.1581m(R2=0.9783, 2.15%
引文
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[3]Elliot J M.Energy losses in the waste products of brown trout(Salmo trutta L.)[J].Journal of Animal Ecology,1976,45(45):923-948.
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[5]吴文广,张继红,方建光,等.盐度对不同规格泥螺耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(9):2457-2461.
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[16]杨贵强,徐绍刚,王跃智,等.温度和摄食对溪红点鲑幼鱼呼吸代谢的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(11):2757-2762.
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[18]张健东,陈刚,汤保贵,等.麻醉剂MS222对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].渔业现代化,2010,38(4):35-39.
[19]庄平,徐滨,章龙珍,等.MS-222和丁香酚对中华鲟幼鱼耗氧率与排氨率的影响[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(4):612-618.
[20]郝振林,丁君,贲月,等.高温对虾夷扇贝存活率、耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2013,28(2):138-142.
[21]徐伟,尹家胜,佟广香,等.哲罗鱼的产卵量和亲鱼死亡分析[J].水产学杂志,2013,26(4):12-14.
[22]王金燕,张颖,尹家胜;温度对哲罗鲑幼鱼生长的影响研究[J].华北农学报,2004,28(12):274-277.
[23]徐伟,孙慧武,关海红,等.哲罗鱼全人工繁育的初步研究[J].中国水产科学,2007,14(6):897-900.
[24]徐奇友,王炳谦,徐连伟,等.哲罗鱼稚鱼的蛋白质和脂肪需求量[J].中国水产科学,2007,14(3):498-503.
[25]杨俊玲,王常安,许红,等.哲罗鱼稚鱼氨基酸的需要量[J].水产学报,2010,34(4):565-571.
[26]顾岩,孙中武,尹洪滨,等.野生与养殖哲罗鱼消化系统及消化酶的比较研究[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(2):330-335.
[27]关海红,尹家胜.哲罗鱼和大麻哈鱼消化系统的比较解剖分析[J].水产学杂志,2012,25(3):26-30.
[28]李绍戊,王荻,卢彤岩.甲醛及孔雀石绿对哲罗鲑发眼卵MHC及IL-1β含量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(32):82-86.
[29]佟广香,匡友谊,张超,等.哲罗鱼生长速度相关性状的微卫星标记筛选[J].华北农学报,2012,27(S1):33-39.
[30]匡友谊,尹家胜,姜作发,等.哲罗鱼耗氧量与体重、水温的关系[J].水产学杂志,2003,16(1):26-30.
[31]张永泉,贾钟贺,张慧,等.哲罗鱼稚、幼鱼耗氧量和窒息点的初步研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(11):87-91.
[32]杨贵强,张立颖,徐绍刚,等.不同规格哲罗幼鱼摄食前后排氨率的研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(4):791-794.
[33]Kikuchi K,Takeda S,Honda H,et al.Nitrogenous excretion of juvenile and young Japanese flounder[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,1992,58(12):2329-2333.
[34]周洪琪,潘兆龙,李世钦,等.摄食和温度对草鱼氮排泄影响的初步研究[J].上海水产大学学报,1999,8(4):293-296.
[35]沈勤,徐善良,严小军,等.饲料及体重对大黄鱼排氨率影响的初步研究[J].宁波大学学报:理工版,2008,21(3):318-322.
[36]崔奕波.鱼类生物能量学的理论与方法[J].水生生物学报,1989,13(4):363-383.
[37]Savitz J,Albanese E,Evinger M,et al.Effect of ration level on nitrogen excretion,nitrogen retention and efficiency of nitrogen utilization for growth in largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)[J].Journal of Fish Biology,1977,11(2):185-192.
[38]Cui Y b,Liu J K.Comparison of energy budget among six teleosts-Ⅰfood consumption,faecal production and nitrogenous excretion[J].Comparative Biochemistry Physiology,1990,96A(1):163-171.
[39]雷思佳,叶世洲,胡先勤.摄食水平对中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)幼鳖生长和能量收支的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,2005,36(1):43-50.
[40]Savitz J.Nitrogen excretion and protein consumption of the bluegill sunfish(Lepomis macrochirus)[J].Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada,1971,28(3):449-451.
[41]Brett J R,Zala C A.Daily pattern of pitrogen excretion and oxygen consumption of sockeye salmon(Oncorhynchus nerka)under controlled conditions[J].Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada,2011,32(12):2479-2486.
[42]Ballestrazzi R,Lanari D,Agaro E D,et al.The effect of dietary protein level and source on growth,body composition,total ammonia and reactive phosphate excretion of growing sea bass[J].Aquaculture,1994,127(2/3):197-206.
[43]Verbeeten B E,Carter C G,Purser G J.The combined effect of feeding time and ration on growth performance and nitrogen metabolism of greenback flounder[J].Journal of Fish Biology,1999,55(6):1328-1343.
[2]Dosdat A,Servais F,Metailler R,et al.Comparison of nitrogenous losses in five teleost fish species[J].Aquaculture,1996,141(1):107-127.
[3]Elliot J M.Energy losses in the waste products of brown trout(Salmo trutta L.)[J].Journal of Animal Ecology,1976,45(45):923-948.
[4]Carter C G,Brafield A E.The bioenergetics of grass carp,Ctenopharygodon idella(val)[J].J Fish Biol,1991,39(6):873-887.
[5]吴文广,张继红,方建光,等.盐度对不同规格泥螺耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(9):2457-2461.
[6]王刚,张其中,喻子牛,等.盐度对近江牡蛎耗氧率、排氨率、O:N和吸收率的影响[J].海洋科学,2013,37(2):101-106.
[7]刘建忠,施永海,邓平平,等.温度对河川沙塘鳢幼鱼耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2013,28(3):273-276.
[8]唐道军,徐善良,马斌.温度对黑鱾幼鱼耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].动物学杂志,2013,48(2):256-260.
[9]黄洋,黄海立,林国游,等.盐度、p H和规格对尖紫蛤(Soletellinaa cuta)耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(1):120-125.
[10]印丽云,高永利,杨振才,等.不同规格近江牡蛎的排氨率和耗氧率分析[J].热带海洋学报,2013,32(1):60-63.
[11]李俊辉,叶尚芳,杜晓东,等.温度和规格对波纹巴非蛤耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].动物学杂志,2010,3(5):96-99.
[12]王刚,李加儿,区又君,等.环境因子对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].动物学杂志,2011,46(6):80-87.
[13]申玉春,陈作洲,吴灶和,等.盐度和营养对凡纳滨对虾生长、耗氧率及排氨率的影响[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(5):111-118.
[14]范建勋,林志华,肖国强,等.饥饿对3种不同规格文蛤耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].海洋科学,2009,33(10):73-76.
[15]单乐州,闫茂仓,吴洪喜,等.饥饿及恢复投喂对鱼免幼鱼生长、耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].水产学报,2007,31(S1):45-51.
[16]杨贵强,徐绍刚,王跃智,等.温度和摄食对溪红点鲑幼鱼呼吸代谢的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(11):2757-2762.
[17]李治,谢小军,曹振东.摄食对南方鲇耗氧和氨氮排泄的影响[J].水生生物学报,2005,29(3):247-252.
[18]张健东,陈刚,汤保贵,等.麻醉剂MS222对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].渔业现代化,2010,38(4):35-39.
[19]庄平,徐滨,章龙珍,等.MS-222和丁香酚对中华鲟幼鱼耗氧率与排氨率的影响[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(4):612-618.
[20]郝振林,丁君,贲月,等.高温对虾夷扇贝存活率、耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2013,28(2):138-142.
[21]徐伟,尹家胜,佟广香,等.哲罗鱼的产卵量和亲鱼死亡分析[J].水产学杂志,2013,26(4):12-14.
[22]王金燕,张颖,尹家胜;温度对哲罗鲑幼鱼生长的影响研究[J].华北农学报,2004,28(12):274-277.
[23]徐伟,孙慧武,关海红,等.哲罗鱼全人工繁育的初步研究[J].中国水产科学,2007,14(6):897-900.
[24]徐奇友,王炳谦,徐连伟,等.哲罗鱼稚鱼的蛋白质和脂肪需求量[J].中国水产科学,2007,14(3):498-503.
[25]杨俊玲,王常安,许红,等.哲罗鱼稚鱼氨基酸的需要量[J].水产学报,2010,34(4):565-571.
[26]顾岩,孙中武,尹洪滨,等.野生与养殖哲罗鱼消化系统及消化酶的比较研究[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(2):330-335.
[27]关海红,尹家胜.哲罗鱼和大麻哈鱼消化系统的比较解剖分析[J].水产学杂志,2012,25(3):26-30.
[28]李绍戊,王荻,卢彤岩.甲醛及孔雀石绿对哲罗鲑发眼卵MHC及IL-1β含量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(32):82-86.
[29]佟广香,匡友谊,张超,等.哲罗鱼生长速度相关性状的微卫星标记筛选[J].华北农学报,2012,27(S1):33-39.
[30]匡友谊,尹家胜,姜作发,等.哲罗鱼耗氧量与体重、水温的关系[J].水产学杂志,2003,16(1):26-30.
[31]张永泉,贾钟贺,张慧,等.哲罗鱼稚、幼鱼耗氧量和窒息点的初步研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(11):87-91.
[32]杨贵强,张立颖,徐绍刚,等.不同规格哲罗幼鱼摄食前后排氨率的研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(4):791-794.
[33]Kikuchi K,Takeda S,Honda H,et al.Nitrogenous excretion of juvenile and young Japanese flounder[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,1992,58(12):2329-2333.
[34]周洪琪,潘兆龙,李世钦,等.摄食和温度对草鱼氮排泄影响的初步研究[J].上海水产大学学报,1999,8(4):293-296.
[35]沈勤,徐善良,严小军,等.饲料及体重对大黄鱼排氨率影响的初步研究[J].宁波大学学报:理工版,2008,21(3):318-322.
[36]崔奕波.鱼类生物能量学的理论与方法[J].水生生物学报,1989,13(4):363-383.
[37]Savitz J,Albanese E,Evinger M,et al.Effect of ration level on nitrogen excretion,nitrogen retention and efficiency of nitrogen utilization for growth in largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)[J].Journal of Fish Biology,1977,11(2):185-192.
[38]Cui Y b,Liu J K.Comparison of energy budget among six teleosts-Ⅰfood consumption,faecal production and nitrogenous excretion[J].Comparative Biochemistry Physiology,1990,96A(1):163-171.
[39]雷思佳,叶世洲,胡先勤.摄食水平对中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)幼鳖生长和能量收支的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,2005,36(1):43-50.
[40]Savitz J.Nitrogen excretion and protein consumption of the bluegill sunfish(Lepomis macrochirus)[J].Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada,1971,28(3):449-451.
[41]Brett J R,Zala C A.Daily pattern of pitrogen excretion and oxygen consumption of sockeye salmon(Oncorhynchus nerka)under controlled conditions[J].Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada,2011,32(12):2479-2486.
[42]Ballestrazzi R,Lanari D,Agaro E D,et al.The effect of dietary protein level and source on growth,body composition,total ammonia and reactive phosphate excretion of growing sea bass[J].Aquaculture,1994,127(2/3):197-206.
[43]Verbeeten B E,Carter C G,Purser G J.The combined effect of feeding time and ration on growth performance and nitrogen metabolism of greenback flounder[J].Journal of Fish Biology,1999,55(6):1328-1343.