基于可持续发展的太行山区生态系统服务垂直分类管理
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摘要
生态系统服务优化调控管理是实现山区可持续发展的根本措施。太行山区虽然没有明显的垂直带谱特征,但仍呈现较明显的生态特征垂直分异规律。本文选取生态要素指标,确定了太行山区生态系统的2个垂直分异关键线带和3个生态类型区。根据单位面积垂直梯度生态系统服务特征,确定生态系统服务调控管理的可持续发展模式和目标为:亚高山区为非供给服务为主的生态系统服务外溢区与调控区;中山区为4种服务均衡发展的生态系统服务外溢廓道和供给服务人工调控提升区;低山丘陵区为以供给服务为主导兼顾协调其他功能的生态系统服务过程控制与调整区。
The optimization and management of ecosystem services are the fundamental measure to realize the sustainable development of mountain areas. Although there is no obvious vertical band spectrum in Taihang Mountains, the vertical differentiation of ecological characteristics is still obvious. In this paper, several ecosystem feature indexes were selected to determine two vertical differentiation critical lines/zones and three ecosystem types zones in Taihang mountain areas. Based on the analysis to the characteristics of vertical gradient ecosystem services per unit area, sustainable development model and target of ecosystem service regulation and management are determined as follows: the subalpine zone is an ecosystem service overflow management region with a non-provisioning service, middle mountain zone is an ecosystem service balanced development region of four services which play a role on ecosystem service overflow corridor and promote provisioning service area by manual control, hilly area is a mainly provisioning service region for leading ecosystem service process control and adjustment.
The optimization and management of ecosystem services are the fundamental measure to realize the sustainable development of mountain areas. Although there is no obvious vertical band spectrum in Taihang Mountains, the vertical differentiation of ecological characteristics is still obvious. In this paper, several ecosystem feature indexes were selected to determine two vertical differentiation critical lines/zones and three ecosystem types zones in Taihang mountain areas. Based on the analysis to the characteristics of vertical gradient ecosystem services per unit area, sustainable development model and target of ecosystem service regulation and management are determined as follows: the subalpine zone is an ecosystem service overflow management region with a non-provisioning service, middle mountain zone is an ecosystem service balanced development region of four services which play a role on ecosystem service overflow corridor and promote provisioning service area by manual control, hilly area is a mainly provisioning service region for leading ecosystem service process control and adjustment.
引文
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[8]赵东娟,齐伟,赵胜亭,等.基于GIS的山区县域土地利用格局优化研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(2):101-106.
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[24]SHARPS K,MASANTE D,THOMAS A,et al.Comparing strengths and weaknesses of three ecosystem services modelling tools in a diverse UK river catchment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,584/585:118-130.
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[27]傅伯杰,刘世梁,马克明.生态系统综合评价的内容与方法[J].生态学报,2001,21(11):1886-1892
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[29]SWINTON S M,LUPI F,ROBERTSON G P,et al.Ecosystem services and agriculture:cultivating agricultural ecosystems for diverse benefits[J].Ecological Economics,2007,64(2):245-252.
[30]FOSTER S S D,PERRY C J.Improving groundwater resource accounting in irrigated areas:a prerequisite for promoting sustainable use[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2010,18:291-294.
[31]LAUDGREN.The defination of agroforestry[J].Agroforestry System.1982,1(1):4-7.
[32]FRENCH K E,TKACZ A,TURNBULL L A.Conversion of grassland to arable decreases microbial diversity and alters community composition[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2017,110:43-52.
[33]WOLDESENBET T A,ELAGIB N A,RIBBE L,et al.Hydrological responses to land use/cover changes in the source region of the Upper Blue Nile Basin,Ethiopia[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,575:724-741.
[34]DENG Q,MCMAHON D E,XIANG Y,et al.A global meta-analysis of soil phosphorus dynamics after afforestation[J].New Phytologist,2017,213(1):181-192.
[35]VILLARINO S H,STUDDERT G A,BALDASSINI P,et al.Deforestation impacts on soil organic carbon stocks in the Semiarid Chaco Region,Argentina[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,575:1056-1065.
[36]PARDINI G,GISPERT M,EMRAN M,et al.Rainfall/runoff/erosion relationships and soil properties survey in abandoned shallow soils of NE Spain[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2017,17(2):499-514.
[37]BUMA B,WESSMAN C A.Forest resilience,climate change,and opportunities for adaptation:A specific case of a general problem[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2013,306:216-225.
[38]GARCIA-NIETO A P,GARCIA-LLORENTE M,INIESTAARANDIA I,et al.Mapping forest ecosystem services:From providing units to beneficiaries[J].Ecosystem Services,2013,4:126-138.
[39]WINOWIECKI L,VAGEN T G,MASSAWE B,et al.Landscapescale variability of soil health indicators:effects of cultivation on soil organic carbon in the Usambara Mountains of Tanzania[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2016,105(3):263-274.
[2]邓伟,熊永兰,赵纪东,等.国际山地研究计划的启示[J].山地学报,2013,31(3):377-384.
[3]KHAN S M,PAGE S E,AHMAD H,et al.Sustainable utilization and conservation of plant biodiversity in montane ecosystems:the western Himalayas as a case study[J].Annals of Botany,2013,112(3):479-501.
[4]MUNTEANU C,KUEMMERLE T,BOLTIZIAR M,et al.Forest and agricultural land change in the Carpathian region—a meta-analysis of long-term patterns and drivers of change[J].Land Use Policy,2014,38:685-697.
[5]BORSDORF A,BRAUN V.The European and Global dimension of mountain research[EB/OL].2009[2018-01-09].http://rga.revues.org/index630.
[6]BRUNNER S H,GRET-REGAMEY A.Policy strategies to foster the resilience of mountain social-ecological systems under uncertain global change[J].Environmental Science&Policy,2016,66:129-139.
[7]IMPERIALE A J,VANCLAY F.Using social impact assessment to strengthen community resilience in sustainable rural development in mountain areas[J].Mountain Research and Development,2016,36(4):431-442.
[8]赵东娟,齐伟,赵胜亭,等.基于GIS的山区县域土地利用格局优化研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(2):101-106.
[9]REGER B,GOTTLEIN A,KATZENSTEINER K,et al.Assessing the sensitivity of mountain forests to site degradation in the northern limestone alps,Europe[J].Mountain Research and Development,2015,35(2):139-151.
[10]COSTANZA R,D'ARGE R,DE GROOT R S,et al.The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital[J].Nature,1997,387:253-260.
[11]谢高地,张彩霞,张雷明,等.基于单位面积价值当量因子的生态系统服务价值化方法改进[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(8):1243-1254.
[12]H(A|¨)YH(A|¨)T,FRANZESE P P,PALETTO A,et al.Assessing,valuing,and mapping ecosystem services in Alpine forests[J].Ecosystem Services,2015,14:12-23.
[13]伍光和.自然地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[14]李国伟,赵伟,魏亚伟,等.天然林资源保护工程对长白山林区森林生态系统服务功能的影响[J].生态学报.2015,35(4):984-992.
[15]侯学煌.论中国各植被区的山地垂直植被带谱的特征,中国植物学会,中国植物学会三十周年年会论文摘要汇编[C].北京:[出版者不详],1963:254-258.
[16]姚永慧,张百平,韩芳,等.横断山区垂直带谱的分布模式与坡向效应[J].山地学报,2010,28(1):11-20.
[17]傅伯杰,张立伟.土地利用变化与生态系统服务:概念、方法与进展[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(4):441-446.
[18]FU B J,CHEN L D,MA K M,et al.The relationships between land use and soil conditions in the hilly area of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi,China[J].Catena,2000,39(1):69-78.
[19]WANG J,MENG J J,CAI Y L.Assessing vegetation dynamics impacted by climate change in the southwestern karst region of China with AVHRR NDVI and AVHRR NPP time-series[J].Environmental Geology,2008,54:1185-1195.
[20]CALDWELL P V,MINIAT C F,ELLIOTT K J,et al.Declining water yield from forested mountain watersheds in response to climate changeand forest mesophication[J].Global Change Biology,2016,22(9):2997-3012.
[21]CHUAI X W,HUANG X J,WU C Y,et al.Land use and ecosystems services value changes and ecological land management in coastal Jiangsu,China[J].Habitat International,2016,57:164-174.
[22]初小静,韩广轩.气温和降雨量对中国湿地生态系统CO_2交换的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(10):2978-2990.
[23]REDHEAD J W,STRATFORD C,SHARPS K,et al.Empirical validation of the InVEST water yield ecosystem service model at a national scale[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,569:1418-1426.
[24]SHARPS K,MASANTE D,THOMAS A,et al.Comparing strengths and weaknesses of three ecosystem services modelling tools in a diverse UK river catchment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,584/585:118-130.
[25]MONTEITH J L.Evaporation and environment[J].Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology,1965,19:205-234.
[26]郑度,葛全胜,张雪芹,等.中国区划工作的回顾与展望[J].地理研究,2005,24(3):330-344.
[27]傅伯杰,刘世梁,马克明.生态系统综合评价的内容与方法[J].生态学报,2001,21(11):1886-1892
[28]GASPAR Q L,FERRER L G,LZQUIERDO N A.Lateral and depth patterns of soil organic carbon fractions in a mountain Mediterranean agrosystem[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,2016,154(2):287-304.
[29]SWINTON S M,LUPI F,ROBERTSON G P,et al.Ecosystem services and agriculture:cultivating agricultural ecosystems for diverse benefits[J].Ecological Economics,2007,64(2):245-252.
[30]FOSTER S S D,PERRY C J.Improving groundwater resource accounting in irrigated areas:a prerequisite for promoting sustainable use[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2010,18:291-294.
[31]LAUDGREN.The defination of agroforestry[J].Agroforestry System.1982,1(1):4-7.
[32]FRENCH K E,TKACZ A,TURNBULL L A.Conversion of grassland to arable decreases microbial diversity and alters community composition[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2017,110:43-52.
[33]WOLDESENBET T A,ELAGIB N A,RIBBE L,et al.Hydrological responses to land use/cover changes in the source region of the Upper Blue Nile Basin,Ethiopia[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,575:724-741.
[34]DENG Q,MCMAHON D E,XIANG Y,et al.A global meta-analysis of soil phosphorus dynamics after afforestation[J].New Phytologist,2017,213(1):181-192.
[35]VILLARINO S H,STUDDERT G A,BALDASSINI P,et al.Deforestation impacts on soil organic carbon stocks in the Semiarid Chaco Region,Argentina[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,575:1056-1065.
[36]PARDINI G,GISPERT M,EMRAN M,et al.Rainfall/runoff/erosion relationships and soil properties survey in abandoned shallow soils of NE Spain[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2017,17(2):499-514.
[37]BUMA B,WESSMAN C A.Forest resilience,climate change,and opportunities for adaptation:A specific case of a general problem[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2013,306:216-225.
[38]GARCIA-NIETO A P,GARCIA-LLORENTE M,INIESTAARANDIA I,et al.Mapping forest ecosystem services:From providing units to beneficiaries[J].Ecosystem Services,2013,4:126-138.
[39]WINOWIECKI L,VAGEN T G,MASSAWE B,et al.Landscapescale variability of soil health indicators:effects of cultivation on soil organic carbon in the Usambara Mountains of Tanzania[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2016,105(3):263-274.