张掖湿地旱柳冠层内垂直层次光截获与叶片光合生理特性的关系
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摘要
林冠光能截取(LI)与叶片光合生理特性的关联性反映了植物功能性状对光环境变化的响应及适应,是冠层结构和环境条件综合作用的结果。在张掖市黑河干流边缘的洪泛平原湿地随机选择10个样地,按等分原则将样地内的旱柳(Salix matsudana)冠层分为上、中、下3个层次,研究了旱柳冠层各层次LI与叶片蒸腾速率(T_r)、净光合速率(P_n)的相互关系。结果表明:随着旱柳冠层下降,叶面积指数(LAI)、平均叶倾角(MLA)、叶厚度、光合有效辐射(PAR)、LI、T_r和P_n均呈逐渐减小趋势,叶面积呈逐渐增加趋势,叶片含水量呈先增大后减小的趋势,叶片聚集类型由聚集为主转向分散为主;在树冠上层和下层,LI与T_r、P_n均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),中层呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。在旱柳冠层内部,上层倾向于减小LI、T_r与P_n的保守性生存模式,中层和下层选择增大LI、T_r与P_n的开拓性模式,反映了湿地植物在异质性生境中根据其功能需求在自身性状之间进行的资源优化配置。
The correlation between canopy light interception( LI) and leaf photosynthetic physiological characteristics reflects the response and adaptation of plant functional traits to the changes of light conditions,which is the result of integrative effects of canopy structure and environmental conditions. A total of 10 plots were randomly selected from the floodplain wetlands on the edge of the Heihe River in Zhangye City,Gansu Province,China. According to the principle of equal division,the canopy of Salix matsudana in those plots was divided into the upper,middle,and lower levels. The relationship between LI,transpiration rate( Tr),and net photosynthetic rate( Pn) of each canopy level was examined. The results showed that,with the decreases of canopy level of S. matsudana,leaf area index( LAI),mean leaf angle( MLA),leaf thickness,photosynthetically active radiation( PAR),LI,T_r,and P_n showed a decreasing trend,while leaf area was gradually increasing. Leaf moisture content first increased and then decreased. The type of leaf aggregation changed from aggregation to dispersion. In the upper and lower canopy,the relationships between LI and T_r and P_n showed significant positive correlations( P < 0. 05). In the middle layer,they showed significant positive correlations( P < 0. 01). Inside the canopy,the upper leaves used conservative survival strategy that reduced LI,T_r and P_n,while the middle and lower leaves showed the exploitative strategy that increased LI,T_r and P_n,reflecting the optimal allocation of resources between wetland plant's traits according to functional requirements in heterogeneous habitats.
The correlation between canopy light interception( LI) and leaf photosynthetic physiological characteristics reflects the response and adaptation of plant functional traits to the changes of light conditions,which is the result of integrative effects of canopy structure and environmental conditions. A total of 10 plots were randomly selected from the floodplain wetlands on the edge of the Heihe River in Zhangye City,Gansu Province,China. According to the principle of equal division,the canopy of Salix matsudana in those plots was divided into the upper,middle,and lower levels. The relationship between LI,transpiration rate( Tr),and net photosynthetic rate( Pn) of each canopy level was examined. The results showed that,with the decreases of canopy level of S. matsudana,leaf area index( LAI),mean leaf angle( MLA),leaf thickness,photosynthetically active radiation( PAR),LI,T_r,and P_n showed a decreasing trend,while leaf area was gradually increasing. Leaf moisture content first increased and then decreased. The type of leaf aggregation changed from aggregation to dispersion. In the upper and lower canopy,the relationships between LI and T_r and P_n showed significant positive correlations( P < 0. 05). In the middle layer,they showed significant positive correlations( P < 0. 01). Inside the canopy,the upper leaves used conservative survival strategy that reduced LI,T_r and P_n,while the middle and lower leaves showed the exploitative strategy that increased LI,T_r and P_n,reflecting the optimal allocation of resources between wetland plant's traits according to functional requirements in heterogeneous habitats.
引文
初小静,韩广轩,邢庆会,等.2015.阴天和晴天对黄河三角洲芦苇湿地净生态系统CO2交换的影响.植物生态学报,39(7):661-673.
范晓龙,张吉立.2011.寒地旱柳早春萌芽期枝条氮磷钾含量变化研究.中国农学通报,27(16):41-45.
冯国艺,姚炎帝,罗宏海,等.2012.新疆超高产棉花冠层光分布特征及其与群体光合生产的关系.应用生态学报,23(5):1286-1294.
何维明,董鸣.2003.毛乌素沙地旱柳生长和生理特征对遮荫的反应.应用生态学报,14(2):175-178.
蒋高明,何维明.1999.毛乌素沙地若干植物光合作用、蒸腾作用和水分利用效率种间及生境间差异.植物学报,41(10):1114-1124.
江浩,周国逸,黄钰辉,等.2011.南亚热带常绿阔叶林林冠不同部位藤本植物的光合生理特征及其对环境因子的适应.植物生态学报,35(5):567-576.
李德志,藏润国.2004.森林冠层结构与功能及其时空变化研究进展.世界林业研究,17(3):12-16.
李世莹,冯伟,王永华,等.2013.宽幅播种带间距对冬小麦冠层特征及产量的影响.植物生态学报,37(8):758-767.
李仙岳,杨培岭,任树梅,等.2009.基于叶面积与冠层辐射的果树蒸腾预测模型.生态学报,29(5):2312-2319.
林同保,曲奕威,张同香,等.2008.玉米冠层内不同层次对光能利用的差异性.生态学杂志,27(4):551-556.
刘镕源,黄文江,任华忠,等.2011.夏玉米冠层光合有效辐射垂直分布模型.农业工程学报,27(9):115-121.
任青吉,李宏林,卜海燕.2015.玛曲高寒沼泽化草甸51种植物光合生理和叶片形态特征的比较.植物生态学报,39(6):593-603.
石松利,王迎春,周红兵,等.2012.濒危种四合木与其近缘种霸王水分关系参数和光合特性的比较.生态学报,32(4):1163-1173.
汤亮,朱相成,曹梦莹,等.2012.水稻冠层光截获、光能利用与产量的关系.应用生态学报,23(5):1269-1276.
王建华,任士福,史宝胜,等.2011.遮荫对连翘光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响.生态学报,31(7):1811-1817.
王玉萍,高会会,刘悦善,等.2013.高山植物光合机构耐受胁迫的适应机制.应用生态学报,24(7):2049-2055.
夏江宝,张淑勇,赵自国,等.2013.贝壳堤岛旱柳光合效率的土壤水分临界效应及其阈值分级.植物生态学报,37(9):851-860.
杨晓东,阎恩荣,张志浩,等.2013.浙江天童常绿阔叶林演替阶段共有种的树木构型.植物生态学报,37(7):611-619.
张立桢,潘学标,李亚兵,等.1998.棉花不同群体冠层特征的映像分析.棉花学报,10(3):140-145.
张小全,徐德应.2000.杉木中龄林不同部位和叶龄针叶光合特性的日变化和季节变化.林业科学,36(3):19-27.
郑元,赵忠,周慧,等.2010.刺槐树冠光合作用的空间异质性.生态学报,30(23):6399-6408.
Chaves ARM,Ten-Caten A,Pinheiro HA,et al.2008.Seasonal changes in photoprotective mechanisms of leaves from shaded and unshaded field-grown coffee(Coffea arabica L.)trees.Trees,22:351-361.
Chow WS,Adamson HY,Anderson JM,1991.Photosynthetic acclimation of Tradescantia albiflora to growth irradiance:Lack of adjustment of light-harvesting components and its consequences.Physiologia Plantarum,81:175-182.
Green SR,Greer DH,Wunsche JN,et al.2001.Measurements of light interception and utilization in an apple orchard.Acta Horticulturae,557:369-376.
Han GX,Luo YQ,Li DJ,et al.2014.Ecosystem photosynthesis regulates soil respiration on a diurnal scale with a shortterm time lag in a coastal wetland.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,68:85-94.
Inoue Y,Pe1uelas J,Miyata A,et al.2008.Normalized difference spectral indices for estimating photosynthetic efficiency and capacity at a canopy scale derived from hyperspectral and CO2flux measurements in rice.Remote Sensing of Environment,112:156-172.
Kato T,Kimura R,Kamichika M.2004.Estimation of evapotranspir ation,transpiration ratio and water-use efficiency from a sparse canopy using a compartment model.Agricultural Water Management,65:173-191.
Launiainen S,Katul GG,Kolari P,et al.2012.Empirical and optimal stomatal controls on leaf and ecosystem level CO2and H2O exchange rates.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,151:1672-1689.
Niinemets U,Cescatti A,Rodeghiero M,et al.2006.Complex adjustments of photosynthetic potentials and internal diffusion conductance to current and previous light availabilities and leaf age in Mediterranean evergreen species Quercus ilex.Plant,Cell&Environment,29:1159-1178.
Rodríguez-Calcerrada J,Reich PB,Rosenqvist E,et al.2008.Leaf physiological versus morphological acclimation to highlight exposure at different stages of foliar development in oak.Tree Physiology,28:761.
Ruiz RA,Bertero HD.2008.Light interception and radiation use efficiency in temperate quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)cultivars.European Journal of Agronomy,29:144-152.
Sixto H,Ca1ellas I,Arendonk JV,et al.2015.Growth potential of different species and genotypes for biomass production in short rotation in Mediterranean environments.Forest Ecology and Management,354:291-299.
Stenberg P.1998.Implications of shoot structure on the rate of photosynthesis at different levels in a coniferous canopy using a model incorporating grouping and penumbra.Functional Ecology,12:82-91.
Song X,Fang J,Han X,et al.2016.Overexpression of quinone reductase from Salix matsudana Koidz enhances salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.Gene,576:520.
Vierling LA,Wessman CA.2000.Photosynthetically active radiation heterogeneity within a monodominant Congolese rain forest canopy.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,103:265-278.
Warton DI,Wright IJ,Falster DS,et al.2006.Bivariate linefitting methods for allometry.Biological Reviews,81:259-291.
范晓龙,张吉立.2011.寒地旱柳早春萌芽期枝条氮磷钾含量变化研究.中国农学通报,27(16):41-45.
冯国艺,姚炎帝,罗宏海,等.2012.新疆超高产棉花冠层光分布特征及其与群体光合生产的关系.应用生态学报,23(5):1286-1294.
何维明,董鸣.2003.毛乌素沙地旱柳生长和生理特征对遮荫的反应.应用生态学报,14(2):175-178.
蒋高明,何维明.1999.毛乌素沙地若干植物光合作用、蒸腾作用和水分利用效率种间及生境间差异.植物学报,41(10):1114-1124.
江浩,周国逸,黄钰辉,等.2011.南亚热带常绿阔叶林林冠不同部位藤本植物的光合生理特征及其对环境因子的适应.植物生态学报,35(5):567-576.
李德志,藏润国.2004.森林冠层结构与功能及其时空变化研究进展.世界林业研究,17(3):12-16.
李世莹,冯伟,王永华,等.2013.宽幅播种带间距对冬小麦冠层特征及产量的影响.植物生态学报,37(8):758-767.
李仙岳,杨培岭,任树梅,等.2009.基于叶面积与冠层辐射的果树蒸腾预测模型.生态学报,29(5):2312-2319.
林同保,曲奕威,张同香,等.2008.玉米冠层内不同层次对光能利用的差异性.生态学杂志,27(4):551-556.
刘镕源,黄文江,任华忠,等.2011.夏玉米冠层光合有效辐射垂直分布模型.农业工程学报,27(9):115-121.
任青吉,李宏林,卜海燕.2015.玛曲高寒沼泽化草甸51种植物光合生理和叶片形态特征的比较.植物生态学报,39(6):593-603.
石松利,王迎春,周红兵,等.2012.濒危种四合木与其近缘种霸王水分关系参数和光合特性的比较.生态学报,32(4):1163-1173.
汤亮,朱相成,曹梦莹,等.2012.水稻冠层光截获、光能利用与产量的关系.应用生态学报,23(5):1269-1276.
王建华,任士福,史宝胜,等.2011.遮荫对连翘光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响.生态学报,31(7):1811-1817.
王玉萍,高会会,刘悦善,等.2013.高山植物光合机构耐受胁迫的适应机制.应用生态学报,24(7):2049-2055.
夏江宝,张淑勇,赵自国,等.2013.贝壳堤岛旱柳光合效率的土壤水分临界效应及其阈值分级.植物生态学报,37(9):851-860.
杨晓东,阎恩荣,张志浩,等.2013.浙江天童常绿阔叶林演替阶段共有种的树木构型.植物生态学报,37(7):611-619.
张立桢,潘学标,李亚兵,等.1998.棉花不同群体冠层特征的映像分析.棉花学报,10(3):140-145.
张小全,徐德应.2000.杉木中龄林不同部位和叶龄针叶光合特性的日变化和季节变化.林业科学,36(3):19-27.
郑元,赵忠,周慧,等.2010.刺槐树冠光合作用的空间异质性.生态学报,30(23):6399-6408.
Chaves ARM,Ten-Caten A,Pinheiro HA,et al.2008.Seasonal changes in photoprotective mechanisms of leaves from shaded and unshaded field-grown coffee(Coffea arabica L.)trees.Trees,22:351-361.
Chow WS,Adamson HY,Anderson JM,1991.Photosynthetic acclimation of Tradescantia albiflora to growth irradiance:Lack of adjustment of light-harvesting components and its consequences.Physiologia Plantarum,81:175-182.
Green SR,Greer DH,Wunsche JN,et al.2001.Measurements of light interception and utilization in an apple orchard.Acta Horticulturae,557:369-376.
Han GX,Luo YQ,Li DJ,et al.2014.Ecosystem photosynthesis regulates soil respiration on a diurnal scale with a shortterm time lag in a coastal wetland.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,68:85-94.
Inoue Y,Pe1uelas J,Miyata A,et al.2008.Normalized difference spectral indices for estimating photosynthetic efficiency and capacity at a canopy scale derived from hyperspectral and CO2flux measurements in rice.Remote Sensing of Environment,112:156-172.
Kato T,Kimura R,Kamichika M.2004.Estimation of evapotranspir ation,transpiration ratio and water-use efficiency from a sparse canopy using a compartment model.Agricultural Water Management,65:173-191.
Launiainen S,Katul GG,Kolari P,et al.2012.Empirical and optimal stomatal controls on leaf and ecosystem level CO2and H2O exchange rates.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,151:1672-1689.
Niinemets U,Cescatti A,Rodeghiero M,et al.2006.Complex adjustments of photosynthetic potentials and internal diffusion conductance to current and previous light availabilities and leaf age in Mediterranean evergreen species Quercus ilex.Plant,Cell&Environment,29:1159-1178.
Rodríguez-Calcerrada J,Reich PB,Rosenqvist E,et al.2008.Leaf physiological versus morphological acclimation to highlight exposure at different stages of foliar development in oak.Tree Physiology,28:761.
Ruiz RA,Bertero HD.2008.Light interception and radiation use efficiency in temperate quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)cultivars.European Journal of Agronomy,29:144-152.
Sixto H,Ca1ellas I,Arendonk JV,et al.2015.Growth potential of different species and genotypes for biomass production in short rotation in Mediterranean environments.Forest Ecology and Management,354:291-299.
Stenberg P.1998.Implications of shoot structure on the rate of photosynthesis at different levels in a coniferous canopy using a model incorporating grouping and penumbra.Functional Ecology,12:82-91.
Song X,Fang J,Han X,et al.2016.Overexpression of quinone reductase from Salix matsudana Koidz enhances salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.Gene,576:520.
Vierling LA,Wessman CA.2000.Photosynthetically active radiation heterogeneity within a monodominant Congolese rain forest canopy.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,103:265-278.
Warton DI,Wright IJ,Falster DS,et al.2006.Bivariate linefitting methods for allometry.Biological Reviews,81:259-291.