导磁制动副摩擦磁化行为及机理研究
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摘要
利用盘式制动器模拟制动试验台,研究了由磁性有机摩擦片与HT250制动盘构造的导磁制动副在制动过程中的摩擦诱导磁化行为,探讨了制动初速度和制动压力对摩擦磁化的影响规律及作用机理.结果表明:制动初速度增大将会导致摩擦面温度升高,致使热退磁效应出现,进而使导磁制动副摩擦磁化感应强度减小,这是削弱摩擦磁化的主要因素;随着制动压力的增大,摩擦面温度略微增加但变化不大,但摩擦表面的摩擦磨损程度逐渐加剧,铁镍元素总含量明显上升,导致导磁制动副摩擦磁化磁感应强度增大,从而摩擦磁化获得增强.研究结果不仅可以为磁控摩擦制动技术的发展提供理论支撑,也可为其他宏观机械和微纳系统界面摩擦磁化研究提供有益理论参考.
The friction induced magnetization(FIM) behavior of a magnetic conductive brake pair consisting of magnetic organic friction material and HT250 brake disc was studied on a simulated test bench of disc brake. The influencing laws and mechanisms of initial braking speed and braking pressure on the FIM were investigated and discussed by experiments. The results show that by increasing initial braking speed a significant rise of temperature on the friction surface was observed and thermal demagnetization effect reduced the magnetic induction intensity. The initial braking speed might be a major factor for reduced FIM. However, the surface temperature increased slightly with the increasing braking pressure. And the degree of wear damage increased gradually, which resulted in a significant increase of amount of elements iron and nickel on the worn surface. The magnetic induction intensity was then increased, indicating that the braking pressure may be of great significance for enhanced FIM. It is believed that the research can provide not only important theoretical basement for developing of magnetic field controlled braking technology, but also valuable reference for investigation of surface FIM in related macro machinery and micro-nano systems.
The friction induced magnetization(FIM) behavior of a magnetic conductive brake pair consisting of magnetic organic friction material and HT250 brake disc was studied on a simulated test bench of disc brake. The influencing laws and mechanisms of initial braking speed and braking pressure on the FIM were investigated and discussed by experiments. The results show that by increasing initial braking speed a significant rise of temperature on the friction surface was observed and thermal demagnetization effect reduced the magnetic induction intensity. The initial braking speed might be a major factor for reduced FIM. However, the surface temperature increased slightly with the increasing braking pressure. And the degree of wear damage increased gradually, which resulted in a significant increase of amount of elements iron and nickel on the worn surface. The magnetic induction intensity was then increased, indicating that the braking pressure may be of great significance for enhanced FIM. It is believed that the research can provide not only important theoretical basement for developing of magnetic field controlled braking technology, but also valuable reference for investigation of surface FIM in related macro machinery and micro-nano systems.
引文
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[15]Zhang Weimin,Dong Shaoping,Zhang Zhijing.State-of-the-art of metal magnetic memory testing technique[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2003,14(10):892-896(in Chinese)[张卫民,董韶平,张之敬.金属磁记忆检测技术的现状与发展[J].中国机械工程,2003,14(10):892-896].doi:10.3321/j.issn:1004-132X.2003.10.025.
[16]Lu Chenglei,Ni Chunzhen,Chen Ligong.Application of Barkhausen noise to the measurement of the residual stress of ferromagnetic materials[J].Nondestructive Testing,2005,27(4):176-178(in Chinese)[卢诚磊,倪纯珍,陈立功.巴克豪森效应在铁磁材料残余应力测量中的应用[J].无损检测,2005,27(4):176-178].doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6656.2005.04.003.
[17]Hong Min,Fan Jianchun,Zhao Kunpeng,et al.Magnetization phenomenon of 40CrMo disk specimens surface under different friction conditions[J].Lubrication,2017,42(11):31-36(in Chinese)[洪敏,樊建春,赵坤鹏,等.不同摩擦工况下40CrMo盘试样表面磁化现象研究[J].润滑与密封,2017,42(11):31-36].doi:10.3969/j.issn.0254-0150.2017.11.006.
[2]Mishina H,Iwase H,Hase A.Generation of wear elements and origin of tribomagnetization phenomenon[J].Wear,2010,269(5-6):491-497.
[3]Mishina H,Hase A.Nakase Takuya,et al Mechanism of surface magnetization by friction of ferromagnetic materials[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2009,105(9):93911-93915.doi:10.1063/1.3124367.
[4]Qi Yongheng.Study on the controllability of the friction interfacetransfer of the PTFE composites containing ferromagnetic fillers by the friction induced magnetization[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2016(in Chinese)[齐永恒.含铁磁性填料的聚合物复合材料摩擦磁化对摩擦转移的作用机理研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2016].
[5]Cui Ailong.Study on the mechanism of tribo-magnetization on the friction transfer of the polymeric composites containing ferromagnetic particles[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2015(in Chinese)[崔爱龙.含铁磁性填料的PTFE基复合材料摩擦磁化对界面转移的可控性研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2015].
[6]Yang Hui.Effect of friction induced magnetization on the friction transfer of the polymeric composites containing ferromagnetic fillers[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2014(in Chinese)[杨辉.含软磁填料的聚合物复合材料摩擦诱导磁化对摩擦转移的影响[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2014].
[7]Yang Tingting.Relevance study between tribological properties and friction induced magnetization of PTFE composites containing several ferromagnetic fillers[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2013(in Chinese)[杨婷婷.铁磁性颗粒复合添加PTFE复合材料摩擦过程的自激发磁化与摩擦学的关联性研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2013].
[8]Xie Ting,Qi Yongheng,Yan Zhaoming.Friction-induced magnetization and tribological performances of the Fe/PTFEcomposites[J].Tribology,2015,35(5):592-597(in Chinese)[解挺,齐永恒,闫照明.Fe/PTFE复合材料的摩擦诱导磁化及摩擦学性能[J].摩擦学学报,2015,35(5):592-597].doi:10.16078/j.tribology.2015.05.011.
[9]Bao Jiusheng,Hu Dongyang,Yin Yan,at al.A formula and manufacturing method of hard magnetic brake pad for automobiles,ZL201410183870.7[P].2014.7(in Chinese)[鲍久圣,胡东阳,阴妍,等.一种汽车硬磁刹车片配方及其制作方法:ZL201410183870.7[P].2014.7].
[10]Bao Jiusheng,Hu Dongyang,Yin Yan,at al.A formula and manufacturing method of soft magnetic brake pad for automobiles,ZL201410183850.X[P].2014.7(in Chinese)[鲍久圣,胡东阳,阴妍,等.一种汽车软磁刹车片配方及其制作方法:ZL201410183850.X[P].2014.7].
[11]Yangyang Ji,Jiusheng Bao,Mark E Tuttle,et al.Influence of magnetic powders on the tribological performance of a novel magnetic brake material[J].Composite Interfaces,2017,24(4):399-415.doi:10.1080/09276440.2016.1218737.
[12]Lu Yuhao.Feature extraction and pattern recognition of friction faults for disc brake[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2014(in Chinese)[陆玉浩.盘式制动器摩擦故障特征提取与模式识别研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2014].
[13]Liu Yang.Frictional-magnetic coupling behavior and mechanism of magnetic conductive brake pair[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2017(in Chinese)[刘阳.导磁制动副摩-磁耦合行为及机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2017].
[14]Ren Bo.Brief discussion on the principles and method of demagnetization technology[J].Journal of Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2011,21(6):64-67(in Chinese)[任波.浅述退磁技术的原理及方法[J].洛阳理工学院学报(自然科学版),2011,21(6):64-67].
[15]Zhang Weimin,Dong Shaoping,Zhang Zhijing.State-of-the-art of metal magnetic memory testing technique[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2003,14(10):892-896(in Chinese)[张卫民,董韶平,张之敬.金属磁记忆检测技术的现状与发展[J].中国机械工程,2003,14(10):892-896].doi:10.3321/j.issn:1004-132X.2003.10.025.
[16]Lu Chenglei,Ni Chunzhen,Chen Ligong.Application of Barkhausen noise to the measurement of the residual stress of ferromagnetic materials[J].Nondestructive Testing,2005,27(4):176-178(in Chinese)[卢诚磊,倪纯珍,陈立功.巴克豪森效应在铁磁材料残余应力测量中的应用[J].无损检测,2005,27(4):176-178].doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6656.2005.04.003.
[17]Hong Min,Fan Jianchun,Zhao Kunpeng,et al.Magnetization phenomenon of 40CrMo disk specimens surface under different friction conditions[J].Lubrication,2017,42(11):31-36(in Chinese)[洪敏,樊建春,赵坤鹏,等.不同摩擦工况下40CrMo盘试样表面磁化现象研究[J].润滑与密封,2017,42(11):31-36].doi:10.3969/j.issn.0254-0150.2017.11.006.