现蕾期水分胁迫对紫花苜蓿光合特性的影响
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摘要
水分是作物生长的基础,揭示不同水分胁迫对紫花苜蓿光合作用的影响有助于阐明紫花苜蓿水分利用效率和产量的响应规律。以甘农3号紫花苜蓿为供试材料,设充分灌溉(CK)、轻度水分胁迫(LD)、中度水分胁迫(MD)、重度水分胁迫(SD)4个水分处理,研究了现蕾期水分胁迫对紫花苜蓿光合特征的影响。结果表明:(1)随着水分胁迫的加剧,紫花苜蓿的光饱和点降低,暗呼吸速率、光补偿点升高,表明水分胁迫的加剧降低了紫花苜蓿对弱光的吸收和利用效率;(2)水分胁迫下紫花苜蓿叶片的净光合速率(Pn,μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))、气孔导度(Gs,mmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))、和蒸腾速率(Tr,mmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))均呈下降趋势, LD的胞间CO2浓度(Ci,μmol·mol-1)下降,气孔限制值(Ls)上升,表明是由气孔因素所致,而MD和SD则由非气孔因素所致。(3)随着水分胁迫的加剧,水分利用效率(WUE)呈先上升后下降的趋势,表明适度的水分胁迫会提高紫花苜蓿的水分利用效率。
Water is the basis of crop growth, revealing that the effect of different water stress on photosynthesis of alfalfa helps to elucidate the response law of water use efficiency and yield of alfalfa. Using Gannong 3 alfalfa as the test material,four water treatments including sufficient irrigation(CK), mild water stress(LD), moderate water stress(MD), and severe water stress(SD) were studied. The results showed that:(1) With the intensification of water stress, the light saturation point of alfalfa decreased, and the dark respiration rate and the light compensation point increased, indicating that the intensification of water stress reduced the absorption and utilization efficiency of alfalfa on weak light.(2)Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of alfalfa leaves under water stress showed a downward trend. The Ci of LD decreased and the Ls increased. It was due to stomatal factors; while MD and SD were caused by non-stomatal factors.(3) With the intensification of water stress, water use efficiency increased first and then decreased,indicating that moderate water stress would improve the water use efficiency of alfalfa.
Water is the basis of crop growth, revealing that the effect of different water stress on photosynthesis of alfalfa helps to elucidate the response law of water use efficiency and yield of alfalfa. Using Gannong 3 alfalfa as the test material,four water treatments including sufficient irrigation(CK), mild water stress(LD), moderate water stress(MD), and severe water stress(SD) were studied. The results showed that:(1) With the intensification of water stress, the light saturation point of alfalfa decreased, and the dark respiration rate and the light compensation point increased, indicating that the intensification of water stress reduced the absorption and utilization efficiency of alfalfa on weak light.(2)Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of alfalfa leaves under water stress showed a downward trend. The Ci of LD decreased and the Ls increased. It was due to stomatal factors; while MD and SD were caused by non-stomatal factors.(3) With the intensification of water stress, water use efficiency increased first and then decreased,indicating that moderate water stress would improve the water use efficiency of alfalfa.
引文
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[13]陈建,张光灿,张淑勇,等.辽东楤木光合和蒸腾作用对光照和土壤水分的响应过程[J].应用生态学报,2008(6):1185-1190.
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[15]XIA J B,ZHANG G C,ZHANG S Y,et al.Photosynthetic and water use characteristics in three natural secondary shrubs on Shell Islands,Shandong,China[J].Plant Biosystems,2014,148(1):109-117.
[16]韩刚,赵忠.不同土壤水分下4种沙生灌木的光合光响应特性[J].生态学报,2010,30(15):4019-4026.
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[18]米海莉,许兴,李树华,等.水分胁迫对牛心朴子、甘草叶片色素、可溶性糖含量及碳氮比的影响[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(10):1816-1821
[19]赵昌琼,芦站根,庞永珍,等.土壤水分胁迫对曼地亚红豆杉光合特性的影响[J].西南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2003,28(1):126-129
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[22]韩瑞宏,卢欣石,高桂娟,等.紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)对干旱胁迫的光合生理响应[J].生态学报,2007,(12):5229-5237.
[23]韩清芳,贾志宽,王俊鹏,等.黄土高原地区紫花苜蓿不同叶位光合日变化特征研究[J].草地学报,2009,17(5):558-563.
[24]温达志.大气二氧化碳浓度增高与植物水分利用效率[J].热带亚热带植物学报,1997,5(3):83-90.
[25]Yang H M,Zhang X Y,Wang G X.Relationship between stomatal character,photosynthetic character and seed chemical composition in grass pea at different water availabilities[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,2004,142:675-681.
[26]杨涛,梁宗锁,薛吉全,等.土壤干旱不同玉米品种水分利用效率差异的生理学原因[J].干旱地区农业研究,2002(2):68-71.
[27]刘国利,何树斌,杨惠敏.紫花苜蓿水分利用效率对水分胁迫的响应及其机理[J].草业学报,2009,18(3):207-213.
[28]董智,马宇飞,李红丽,等.4个紫花苜蓿品种分枝期光合速率、蒸腾速率日变化及其影响因子分析[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(3):67-71.
[29]陈托兄,郝文军,陈小兵,等.10个紫花苜蓿品种光合特性的比较[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(2):41-45.
[30]代烁,程帅,裴芝玲,朱慧森.3种豆科牧草不同月份光合特性分析[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2017,38(7):33-37.
[2]刘文兰,师尚礼,田福平.种植密度对紫花苜蓿生物量与不同叶位光合特性的影响[J].草原与草坪,2017,37(04):14-19,25.
[3]陈托兄,郝文军,陈小兵,等.10个紫花苜蓿品种光合特性的比较[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(02):41-45.
[4]李树华,许兴,何军,等.水分胁迫对牛心朴子光合生理特性影响的研究.西北植物学报,2004,24(1):100-104.
[5]孙建华,王彦荣,余玲.紫花苜蓿生长特性及产量性状相关性研究[J].草业学报,2004,13(4):80-86.
[6]曹致中.优质苜蓿栽培与利用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[7]高景慧,张颖,郭维,等.分枝期3个紫花苜蓿品种光合蒸腾日变化与相关因子的关系分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007(10):29-34.
[8]赵金梅,周禾.不同水分胁迫对紫花苜蓿分枝期光合性能的影响[J].中国草地学报,2007,(3):41-44.
[9]刘玉华,史纪安.在旱作条件下紫花苜蓿光合蒸腾日变化与环境因子的关系[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(10):1181-1184.
[10]刘玉华,贾志宽,史纪安,等.旱作条件下不同苜蓿品种光合作用的日变化[J].生态学报,2006,26(5):1468-1477.
[11]邵玺文,韩梅,韩忠明,等.水分供给量对黄芩生长与光合特性的影响[J].生态学报,2006,26(10):3214-3220.
[12]王爱民,祖元刚.大兴安岭不同演替阶段白桦种群光合生理生态特征[J].吉林农业大学学报,2005(02):190-193.
[13]陈建,张光灿,张淑勇,等.辽东楤木光合和蒸腾作用对光照和土壤水分的响应过程[J].应用生态学报,2008(6):1185-1190.
[14]VON CAEMMERER S,FARQUHAR G D.Some relationships between the biochemistry of photosynthesis and the gas exchange of leaves[J].Planta,1981,153(4):376-387.
[15]XIA J B,ZHANG G C,ZHANG S Y,et al.Photosynthetic and water use characteristics in three natural secondary shrubs on Shell Islands,Shandong,China[J].Plant Biosystems,2014,148(1):109-117.
[16]韩刚,赵忠.不同土壤水分下4种沙生灌木的光合光响应特性[J].生态学报,2010,30(15):4019-4026.
[17]伍维模,李志军,罗青红,等.土壤水分胁迫对胡杨、灰叶胡杨光合作用-光响应特性的影响[J].林业科学,2007,43(5):30-35.
[18]米海莉,许兴,李树华,等.水分胁迫对牛心朴子、甘草叶片色素、可溶性糖含量及碳氮比的影响[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(10):1816-1821
[19]赵昌琼,芦站根,庞永珍,等.土壤水分胁迫对曼地亚红豆杉光合特性的影响[J].西南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2003,28(1):126-129
[20]郭春芳,孙云,唐玉海,等.水分胁迫对茶树叶片叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(3):560-564.
[21]Farquhar G D,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33(1):317-345.
[22]韩瑞宏,卢欣石,高桂娟,等.紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)对干旱胁迫的光合生理响应[J].生态学报,2007,(12):5229-5237.
[23]韩清芳,贾志宽,王俊鹏,等.黄土高原地区紫花苜蓿不同叶位光合日变化特征研究[J].草地学报,2009,17(5):558-563.
[24]温达志.大气二氧化碳浓度增高与植物水分利用效率[J].热带亚热带植物学报,1997,5(3):83-90.
[25]Yang H M,Zhang X Y,Wang G X.Relationship between stomatal character,photosynthetic character and seed chemical composition in grass pea at different water availabilities[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,2004,142:675-681.
[26]杨涛,梁宗锁,薛吉全,等.土壤干旱不同玉米品种水分利用效率差异的生理学原因[J].干旱地区农业研究,2002(2):68-71.
[27]刘国利,何树斌,杨惠敏.紫花苜蓿水分利用效率对水分胁迫的响应及其机理[J].草业学报,2009,18(3):207-213.
[28]董智,马宇飞,李红丽,等.4个紫花苜蓿品种分枝期光合速率、蒸腾速率日变化及其影响因子分析[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(3):67-71.
[29]陈托兄,郝文军,陈小兵,等.10个紫花苜蓿品种光合特性的比较[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(2):41-45.
[30]代烁,程帅,裴芝玲,朱慧森.3种豆科牧草不同月份光合特性分析[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2017,38(7):33-37.