政务APP个人隐私信息保护评价指标体系研究及实证分析
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摘要
[目的/意义]构建政务APP个人隐私信息保护评价指标体系,对我国政务APP个人隐私信息保护进行科学合理评价,为完善政务APP个人隐私信息保护提出建议。[方法/过程]从隐私政策视角,利用专家访谈法与层次分析法,从"用户知情同意、信息安全控制、个人权利保障"3个维度构建我国政务APP个人隐私信息保护评价指标体系;并选取我国直辖市、省会城市和计划单列市的36个政务APP进行实证分析。[结果/结论]构建的政务APP个人隐私信息保护评价指标体系具有一定的实用性和可操作性,实证分析发现我国政务APP个人隐私信息保护问题严峻,政府部门应着重关注和解决。
[Purpose/Significance]To put forward suggestions for the improvement of personal information protection of government affairs APP,this paper built a evaluation system of personal privacy information protection in using government affairs APPs,and made a scientific and reasonable evaluation of the status quo of personal privacy information protection in China's government affairs APPs.[Method/Process]From the perspective of privacy policy,using expert interview method and analytic hierarchy process,this paper constructed the evaluation system of personal privacy information protection in using government affairs APPs from three dimensions:informed consent of users,information security control and protection of individual rights;Then,36 government affairs APPs from China's municipalities directly under the central government,provincial capital cities and cities with separate plans were selected for empirical analysis.[Result/Conclusion]The evaluation system of personal privacy information protection in using government affairs APPs had certain practicability and operability.Through empirical analysis,it is found that the personal privacy information protection of government affairs APP users in China is a serious problem,and government departments should focus on and solve it.
[Purpose/Significance]To put forward suggestions for the improvement of personal information protection of government affairs APP,this paper built a evaluation system of personal privacy information protection in using government affairs APPs,and made a scientific and reasonable evaluation of the status quo of personal privacy information protection in China's government affairs APPs.[Method/Process]From the perspective of privacy policy,using expert interview method and analytic hierarchy process,this paper constructed the evaluation system of personal privacy information protection in using government affairs APPs from three dimensions:informed consent of users,information security control and protection of individual rights;Then,36 government affairs APPs from China's municipalities directly under the central government,provincial capital cities and cities with separate plans were selected for empirical analysis.[Result/Conclusion]The evaluation system of personal privacy information protection in using government affairs APPs had certain practicability and operability.Through empirical analysis,it is found that the personal privacy information protection of government affairs APP users in China is a serious problem,and government departments should focus on and solve it.
引文
[1]陈则谦,刘坤.地方政府政务APP的可用性调查与分析——以河北省为例[J].电子政务,2017,(3):83-91.
[2]深圳晚报.政务APP一站式整合是大势所趋[EB/OL].http://wb.sznews.com/PC/content/201711/30/c241765.html.
[3]中国信息通讯研究院广州分院.政务服务移动APP发展情况研究报告[R].广州:中国信息通讯研究院,2017.
[4]智慧城市发展研究课题组.“十三五”我国智慧城市“转型创新”发展的路径研究[J].电子政务,2016,(3):2-11.
[5]Lu H,Hsu C,Hsu H,et al.An Empirical Study of the Effect of Perceived Risk Upon Intention to Use Online Applications[J].Information Management & Computer Security,2005,13(2):106-120.
[6]郑跃平,黄博涵.“互联网+政务”报告(2016)——移动政务的现状与未来[J].电子政务,2016,(9):16-31.
[7]赵金旭,郑跃平.中国电子政务隐私保护问题探究——基于70个大中城市政府网站的“隐私声明”调查[J].电子政务,2016,(7):81-93.
[8]张晓娟,谢志成,邓福成.“互联网+政务”环境下政务APP建设的探索——以政务APP“云端武汉”为例[J].电子政务,2018,(2):71-81.
[9]朱芳菲.政务APP在互联网政务中的技术路径与发展建议——基于“两微一端”的比较分析[J].安徽行政学院学报,2016,7(3):47-51.
[10]刘明珂.政务APP软件在我国地方政府治理中的应用研究[D].太原:山西大学,2016.
[11]李其原,李扬扬,周萍.智慧政府视阈下政务APP应用的开发策略[J].牡丹江师范学院学报:哲学社会科学版,2017,(1):48-52.
[12]陈诚,万质锦韫,李雪琪,等.基于APP应用的电子政务服务创新与建构研究[J].网络安全技术与应用,2014,(6):105-107,109.
[13]Shi Y,Piao C,Pan X,et al.Differential-Privacy-Based Citizen Privacy Preservation in E-Government Applications[C].International Conference on E-business Engineering,2016:158-163.
[14]Kaskina A,Meier A.Integrating Privacy and Trust in Voting Advice Applications[C].International Conference on Edemocracy Egovernment,2016:20-25.
[15]Suprihanto D,Priyambodo T K.The Implementation of Pretty Good Privacy in eGovernment Applications(Case Study on the Official Scripts Electronic Applications in Bantul)[J].International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business,2017,9(4):1-6.
[16]Alhussain T,Drew S.Developing a Theoretical Framework for Adoption of Biometrics in m-Government Applications Using Grounded Theory[M]//Kalloniatis C.Security Enhanced Applications for Information Systems,2012:183-209.
[17]Meingast M,King J Y,Mulligan D K,et al.Embedded RFID and Everyday Things:A Case Study of the Security and Privacy Risks of the U.S.e-Passport[C].International Conference on Rfid,2007:7-14.
[18]刘百灵,万璐璐,李延晖.网络环境下基于隐私政策的隐私保护研究综述[J].情报理论与实践,2016,39(9):134-139.
[19]Adhikari R,Richards D,Scott K.Security and Privacy Issues Related to the Use of Mobile Health Apps[C].ACIS,2014.
[20]邹晓艳.用户社交媒体的使用与隐私保护研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2018.
[21]刘雷,詹一虹,李晶晶.我国公共信息资源App隐私侵犯风险比较研究——基于9所公共图书馆与9所高校图书馆的对比[J].贵州社会科学,2017,(12):105-109.
[22]李卓卓,马越,李明珍.数据生命周期视角中的个人隐私信息保护——对移动APP服务协议的内容分析[J].情报理论与实践,2016,39(12):63-68.
[23]刘凯.企业员工个人信息保护评价指标体系研究[D].延边:延边大学,2015.
[24]徐涵.我国网站隐私政策声明评价指标体系研究[D].北京:北京大学,2008.
[25]GB/Z 28828-2012.信息安全技术公共及商用服务信息系统个人信息保护指南[S/OL].http://www.pipa.gov.cn/manage/UploadFile/2015518133720563.pdf.
[26]GB/T 34978-2017.信息安全技术移动智能终端个人信息保护技术要求[S/OL].http://c.gb688.cn/bzgk/gb/showGb?type=online&hcno=45D688024CCE2CDAF2FE570237757781.
[27]GB/T 35273-2017.信息安全技术个人信息安全规范[S/OL].http://c.gb688.cn/bzgk/gb/showGb?type=online&hcno=4FFAA51D63BA21B9EE40C51DD3CC40BE.
[28]中国科学技术法学会,北京大学互联网法律中心.互联网企业个人信息保护测评标准[J].网络法律评论,2013,17(2):3-9.
[29]Wikipedia.FTC Fair Information Practice[EB/OL].https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FTC_fair_information_practice.
[30]OECD.OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data[EB/OL].http://www.oecd.org/sti/ieconomy/oecdguidelinesontheprotectionofprivacyandtransborderf lowsofpersonaldata.htm.
[31]中华人民共和国工业和信息化部.中华人民共和国网络安全法[EB/OL].http://www.miit.gov.cn/n1146295/n1146557/n1146614/c5345009/content.html.
[32]中华人民共和国中央人民政府.中华人民共和国未成年人保护法[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2006-12/29/content_2602198.htm.
[33]中华人民共和国工业和信息化部.电信和互联网用户个人信息保护规定[EB/OL].http://www.miit.gov.cn/n1146295/n1146557/n1146619/c4700556/content.html.
[34]中华人民共和国中央人民政府.全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于加强网络信息保护的决定[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2012-12/28/content_2301231.htm.
[35]Short form Notice Code of Conduct to Promote Transparency in Mobile App Practices[EB/OL].https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53864718e4b07a1635424cdd/t/54ad6839e4b04f1bf4e1e1e7/1420650553695/july_25_code.pdf.
[36]Wikipedia.General Data Protection Regulation[EB/OL].https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation.
[37]杨印生,李洪伟.管理科学与系统工程中的定量分析方法[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,2009:84-89.
[38]Yaahp.yaahp-Yet Another AHP Software[EB/OL].http://www.yaahp.cn/?i=1.
[39]国脉研究院.2017中国城市移动政务服务能力评价研究报告[EB/OL].http://www.govmade.com/info/2212.
[40]国家统计局.东西中部和东北地区划分方法[EB/OL].http://www.stats.gov.cn/ztjc/zthd/sjtjr/dejtjkfr/tjkp/201106/t20110613_71947.htm.
[41]朱侯,张明鑫,路永和.社交媒体用户隐私政策阅读意愿实证研究[J].情报学报,2018,37(4):362-371.
[42]储节旺,李安.新形势下个人信息隐私保护研究[J].现代情报,2016,36(11):21-26.
[43]黄如花,刘龙.英国政府数据开放中的个人隐私保护研究[J].图书馆建设,2016,(12):47-52.
[44]伍艳.论网络信息时代的“被遗忘权”——以欧盟个人数据保护改革为视角[J].图书馆理论与实践,2013,(11):4-9.
[45]周文泓.基于平台视角的政务社交媒体信息管理的问题与对策研究[J].现代情报,2018,38(1):136-140.
[2]深圳晚报.政务APP一站式整合是大势所趋[EB/OL].http://wb.sznews.com/PC/content/201711/30/c241765.html.
[3]中国信息通讯研究院广州分院.政务服务移动APP发展情况研究报告[R].广州:中国信息通讯研究院,2017.
[4]智慧城市发展研究课题组.“十三五”我国智慧城市“转型创新”发展的路径研究[J].电子政务,2016,(3):2-11.
[5]Lu H,Hsu C,Hsu H,et al.An Empirical Study of the Effect of Perceived Risk Upon Intention to Use Online Applications[J].Information Management & Computer Security,2005,13(2):106-120.
[6]郑跃平,黄博涵.“互联网+政务”报告(2016)——移动政务的现状与未来[J].电子政务,2016,(9):16-31.
[7]赵金旭,郑跃平.中国电子政务隐私保护问题探究——基于70个大中城市政府网站的“隐私声明”调查[J].电子政务,2016,(7):81-93.
[8]张晓娟,谢志成,邓福成.“互联网+政务”环境下政务APP建设的探索——以政务APP“云端武汉”为例[J].电子政务,2018,(2):71-81.
[9]朱芳菲.政务APP在互联网政务中的技术路径与发展建议——基于“两微一端”的比较分析[J].安徽行政学院学报,2016,7(3):47-51.
[10]刘明珂.政务APP软件在我国地方政府治理中的应用研究[D].太原:山西大学,2016.
[11]李其原,李扬扬,周萍.智慧政府视阈下政务APP应用的开发策略[J].牡丹江师范学院学报:哲学社会科学版,2017,(1):48-52.
[12]陈诚,万质锦韫,李雪琪,等.基于APP应用的电子政务服务创新与建构研究[J].网络安全技术与应用,2014,(6):105-107,109.
[13]Shi Y,Piao C,Pan X,et al.Differential-Privacy-Based Citizen Privacy Preservation in E-Government Applications[C].International Conference on E-business Engineering,2016:158-163.
[14]Kaskina A,Meier A.Integrating Privacy and Trust in Voting Advice Applications[C].International Conference on Edemocracy Egovernment,2016:20-25.
[15]Suprihanto D,Priyambodo T K.The Implementation of Pretty Good Privacy in eGovernment Applications(Case Study on the Official Scripts Electronic Applications in Bantul)[J].International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business,2017,9(4):1-6.
[16]Alhussain T,Drew S.Developing a Theoretical Framework for Adoption of Biometrics in m-Government Applications Using Grounded Theory[M]//Kalloniatis C.Security Enhanced Applications for Information Systems,2012:183-209.
[17]Meingast M,King J Y,Mulligan D K,et al.Embedded RFID and Everyday Things:A Case Study of the Security and Privacy Risks of the U.S.e-Passport[C].International Conference on Rfid,2007:7-14.
[18]刘百灵,万璐璐,李延晖.网络环境下基于隐私政策的隐私保护研究综述[J].情报理论与实践,2016,39(9):134-139.
[19]Adhikari R,Richards D,Scott K.Security and Privacy Issues Related to the Use of Mobile Health Apps[C].ACIS,2014.
[20]邹晓艳.用户社交媒体的使用与隐私保护研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2018.
[21]刘雷,詹一虹,李晶晶.我国公共信息资源App隐私侵犯风险比较研究——基于9所公共图书馆与9所高校图书馆的对比[J].贵州社会科学,2017,(12):105-109.
[22]李卓卓,马越,李明珍.数据生命周期视角中的个人隐私信息保护——对移动APP服务协议的内容分析[J].情报理论与实践,2016,39(12):63-68.
[23]刘凯.企业员工个人信息保护评价指标体系研究[D].延边:延边大学,2015.
[24]徐涵.我国网站隐私政策声明评价指标体系研究[D].北京:北京大学,2008.
[25]GB/Z 28828-2012.信息安全技术公共及商用服务信息系统个人信息保护指南[S/OL].http://www.pipa.gov.cn/manage/UploadFile/2015518133720563.pdf.
[26]GB/T 34978-2017.信息安全技术移动智能终端个人信息保护技术要求[S/OL].http://c.gb688.cn/bzgk/gb/showGb?type=online&hcno=45D688024CCE2CDAF2FE570237757781.
[27]GB/T 35273-2017.信息安全技术个人信息安全规范[S/OL].http://c.gb688.cn/bzgk/gb/showGb?type=online&hcno=4FFAA51D63BA21B9EE40C51DD3CC40BE.
[28]中国科学技术法学会,北京大学互联网法律中心.互联网企业个人信息保护测评标准[J].网络法律评论,2013,17(2):3-9.
[29]Wikipedia.FTC Fair Information Practice[EB/OL].https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FTC_fair_information_practice.
[30]OECD.OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data[EB/OL].http://www.oecd.org/sti/ieconomy/oecdguidelinesontheprotectionofprivacyandtransborderf lowsofpersonaldata.htm.
[31]中华人民共和国工业和信息化部.中华人民共和国网络安全法[EB/OL].http://www.miit.gov.cn/n1146295/n1146557/n1146614/c5345009/content.html.
[32]中华人民共和国中央人民政府.中华人民共和国未成年人保护法[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2006-12/29/content_2602198.htm.
[33]中华人民共和国工业和信息化部.电信和互联网用户个人信息保护规定[EB/OL].http://www.miit.gov.cn/n1146295/n1146557/n1146619/c4700556/content.html.
[34]中华人民共和国中央人民政府.全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于加强网络信息保护的决定[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2012-12/28/content_2301231.htm.
[35]Short form Notice Code of Conduct to Promote Transparency in Mobile App Practices[EB/OL].https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53864718e4b07a1635424cdd/t/54ad6839e4b04f1bf4e1e1e7/1420650553695/july_25_code.pdf.
[36]Wikipedia.General Data Protection Regulation[EB/OL].https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation.
[37]杨印生,李洪伟.管理科学与系统工程中的定量分析方法[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,2009:84-89.
[38]Yaahp.yaahp-Yet Another AHP Software[EB/OL].http://www.yaahp.cn/?i=1.
[39]国脉研究院.2017中国城市移动政务服务能力评价研究报告[EB/OL].http://www.govmade.com/info/2212.
[40]国家统计局.东西中部和东北地区划分方法[EB/OL].http://www.stats.gov.cn/ztjc/zthd/sjtjr/dejtjkfr/tjkp/201106/t20110613_71947.htm.
[41]朱侯,张明鑫,路永和.社交媒体用户隐私政策阅读意愿实证研究[J].情报学报,2018,37(4):362-371.
[42]储节旺,李安.新形势下个人信息隐私保护研究[J].现代情报,2016,36(11):21-26.
[43]黄如花,刘龙.英国政府数据开放中的个人隐私保护研究[J].图书馆建设,2016,(12):47-52.
[44]伍艳.论网络信息时代的“被遗忘权”——以欧盟个人数据保护改革为视角[J].图书馆理论与实践,2013,(11):4-9.
[45]周文泓.基于平台视角的政务社交媒体信息管理的问题与对策研究[J].现代情报,2018,38(1):136-140.