休养生息制度背景下的耕地保护转型研究
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摘要
新形势下,国家开始实施耕地草原河湖休养生息规划,以及耕地数量、质量、生态"三位一体"的保护提升工作。但是与之配套的耕地保护制度却明显滞后,严重影响耕地保护工作的推进。本文从休养生息的要义解析、目前国内耕地保护制度存在的问题以及国际耕地保护制度的演变经验等三个方面分析了耕地保护制度的现实脉搏所在。并从耕地的时空格局、耕地质量、耕地安全与激励机制等四个层面研究耕地保护转型的体制机制,构建了耕地保护转型总体框架;从生态整合与文化发展的前瞻性视野,构建了耕地永续发展生态格局路径框架。对于完善当前我国耕地保护制度,适应实际工作的实施,促使我国实现以生态文明为导向的耕地保护制度的总体目标具有参考意义。
China has implemented the most stringent cropland protection system in the world with remarkable results. On the background of the new era, the government has initiated a implementation plan for the rehabilitating of cultivated land, grassland, rivers and lakes, as well as the protection and improvement of the "trinity" of the quantity, quality, and ecology of cropland.However, the supporting cropland system is obviously lagging, which seriously affects the promotion of cropland protection. This paper analyzes the realistic pulse of the protection system of cropland from the following aspects: the analysis of the rehabilitation concept, the problems such as the inconsistency of basic data in the system of cultivated land protection in China, the unscientific system of occupation and compensation, and the failure to establish a spatial planning system for cultivated land and the evolution of the protection system of international farm land. We also characterize the institutional mechanism of the transformation of cropland protection from four aspects: the temporal and spatial pattern, the quality, the security, and the incentive mechanism of farm land. It is the time-space pattern of"one line, one belt, three districts, and six spaces,"the quality management of refined farmland, the incentive mechanism of cultivated land security protection, ecological compensation, and ecological cultural cognition based on Living Cropland Index. From the forward-looking vision of ecological integration and cultural development, the framework of the ecological pattern of sustainable development of farm land has been constructed.It has a significant reference to improve the current farm land protection system in China, to adapt to the implementation of practical work, and to promote to the overall goal of ecological civilization-oriented cropland protection system in China.
China has implemented the most stringent cropland protection system in the world with remarkable results. On the background of the new era, the government has initiated a implementation plan for the rehabilitating of cultivated land, grassland, rivers and lakes, as well as the protection and improvement of the "trinity" of the quantity, quality, and ecology of cropland.However, the supporting cropland system is obviously lagging, which seriously affects the promotion of cropland protection. This paper analyzes the realistic pulse of the protection system of cropland from the following aspects: the analysis of the rehabilitation concept, the problems such as the inconsistency of basic data in the system of cultivated land protection in China, the unscientific system of occupation and compensation, and the failure to establish a spatial planning system for cultivated land and the evolution of the protection system of international farm land. We also characterize the institutional mechanism of the transformation of cropland protection from four aspects: the temporal and spatial pattern, the quality, the security, and the incentive mechanism of farm land. It is the time-space pattern of"one line, one belt, three districts, and six spaces,"the quality management of refined farmland, the incentive mechanism of cultivated land security protection, ecological compensation, and ecological cultural cognition based on Living Cropland Index. From the forward-looking vision of ecological integration and cultural development, the framework of the ecological pattern of sustainable development of farm land has been constructed.It has a significant reference to improve the current farm land protection system in China, to adapt to the implementation of practical work, and to promote to the overall goal of ecological civilization-oriented cropland protection system in China.
引文
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