过套管电阻率测井仪器刻度及井下测量数值模拟
|
摘要
为提高过套管电阻率测井的准确性,对刻度装置建模并数值模拟刻度过程,提出套管电流近似算法,数值模拟薄、厚两种地层模型的近似电流、地层视电阻率和二阶电位差。结果表明:仪器刻度数值模拟结果能够确定刻度装置参数,提供理论刻度曲线,辅助计算电极系系数;井下测量数值模拟所提出的电流近似算法具有较强的地层分层能力,且低阻薄地层的视电阻率逼近程度明显下降,高阻厚地层的二阶电位差值极小,对测井仪分辨率要求较高。
In order to improve the accuracy of resistivity logging through casing,numerical simulation research on instrument calibration and down-hole measurement was constructed.In the aspect of instrument calibration,the calibration device was modeled and the numerical simulation on instrument calibration was executed.In the aspect of down-hole measurement,the approximate method for current calculation was proposed,and the approximate current,the apparent formation resistivity and the second order potential difference of the thin layer and the thick layer were simulated numerically.The simulation results of instrument calibration help to select the parameter for the calibration device,provide the theoretical calibration curve and assist to calculate the coefficient of the electrode array.The simulation results of down-hole measurement show that the approximate method for current calculation has strong ability to distinguish layer boundaries,and the approximate degree of apparent formation resistivity for the thin layer with low resistivity drops obviously.The thick layer with high resistivity requires high instrument resolution because its second order potential difference is extremely small.
In order to improve the accuracy of resistivity logging through casing,numerical simulation research on instrument calibration and down-hole measurement was constructed.In the aspect of instrument calibration,the calibration device was modeled and the numerical simulation on instrument calibration was executed.In the aspect of down-hole measurement,the approximate method for current calculation was proposed,and the approximate current,the apparent formation resistivity and the second order potential difference of the thin layer and the thick layer were simulated numerically.The simulation results of instrument calibration help to select the parameter for the calibration device,provide the theoretical calibration curve and assist to calculate the coefficient of the electrode array.The simulation results of down-hole measurement show that the approximate method for current calculation has strong ability to distinguish layer boundaries,and the approximate degree of apparent formation resistivity for the thin layer with low resistivity drops obviously.The thick layer with high resistivity requires high instrument resolution because its second order potential difference is extremely small.
引文
[1]包德洲,程希,吴金云.过套管电阻率测井技术研究[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,22(5):25-28.BAO De-zhou,CHENG Xi,WU Jin-yun.Study onthrough-casing resistivity logging technique[J].Journalof Xian Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2007,22(5):25-28.
[2]KAUFMAN A A.The electrical field in a borehole with acasing[J].Geophysics,1990,55(1):29-38.
[3]KAUFMAN A A,WIGHTMAN W E.A transmission-linemodel for electrical logging through casing[J].Geophys-ics,1993,58(12):1739-1747.
[4]SCHENKEL C J,MORRISION H F.Electrical resistivitymeasurement through metal casing[J].Geophysics,1994,59(4):1072-1082.
[5]VAIL W B.Formation resistivity measurements throughmetal casing at the MWX-2 in Rifle:SPWLA 1995:pro-ceedings of the 36th Annual Logging Symposium,Colo-rado,June 26-29,1995[C].Louisiana:Society ofPetrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts,c1995.
[6]张金钟.水泥环对套管井电阻率测井的影响[J].测井技术,1995,19(6):406-410.ZHANG Jin-zhong.The effect of cement annulus on resis-tivity log in cased hole[J].Well Logging Technology,1995,19(6):406-410.
[7]尹军强,冯启宁,朱龙德,等.通过金属套管测量地层电阻率的可行性研究[J].测井技术,1998,22(5):376-379.YIN Jun-qiang,FENG Qi-ning,ZHU Long-de,et al.Feasibility study on formation resistivity measurementthrough metal casing[J].Well Logging Technology,1998,22(5):376-379.
[8]谢树棋,储昭坦,李克沛,等.套管井电阻率测井方法研究[J].测井技术,1999,23(5):338-343.XIE Shu-qi,CHU Zhao-tan,LI Ke-pei,et al.On meth-odology of resistivity logging through casing[J].WellLogging Technology,1999,23(5):338-343.
[9]ASKEY S,FARAG S,LOGAN J,et al.Cased hole re-sistivity measurements optimize management of maturewater flood in Indonesia:SPWLA 2002:proceedings ofthe 43rd Annual Logging Symposium,Oiso,June 2-5,2002[C].Louisiana:Society of Petrophysicists andWell-Log Analysts,c2002.
[10]ZHOU Q,JULANDER D,PENLEY L.Experienceswith cased hole resistivity logging for reservoir monito-ring:SPWLA 2002:proceedings of the 43rd AnnualLogging Symposium,Oiso,June 2-5,2002[C].Loui-siana:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Ana-lysts,c2002.
[11]BENIMELI D,LEVESQUE C,ROUAULT G,et al.Anew technique for faster resistivity measurements incased holes:SPWLA 2002:proceedings of the 43rd An-nual Logging Symposium,Oiso,June 2-5,2002[C].Louisiana:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Ana-lysts,c2002.
[12]高杰,刘福平,包德洲,等.过套管电阻率测井方法研究[J].测井技术,2007,31(3):229-232.GAO Jie,LIU Fu-ping,BAO De-zhou,et al.Study onthrough-casing resistivity logging[J].Well LoggingTechnology,2007,31(3):229-232.
[13]吴银川,张家田,严正国.过套管地层电阻率测井技术综述[J].石油仪器,2006,20(5):1-5.WU Yin-chuan,ZHANG Jia-tian,YAN Zheng-guo.Anoverview of the logging technology of formation resistivitythrough casing[J].Petroleum Instruments,2006,20(5):1-5.
[14]郑璐,张家田,严正国.过套管电阻率测井刻度概述[J].石油仪器,2010,24(1):7-8.ZHENG Lu,ZHANG Jia-tian,YAN Zheng-guo.An o-verview of the cased hole formation resistivity loggingcalibration[J].Petroleum Instruments,2010,24(1):7-8.
[15]郑璐,张家田,严正国,等.过套管电阻率测井刻度系统设计[J].石油仪器,2010,24(2):9-11.ZHENG Lu,ZHANG Jia-tian,YAN Zheng-guo,et al.Design of the calibration system of cased hole formationresistivity logging[J].Petroleum Instruments,2010,24(2):9-11.
[16]刘福平,高杰,孙宝佃,等.实际井眼条件下过套管电阻率测井响应的传输线方程正演算法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1905-1913.LIU Fu-ping,GAO Jie,SUN Bao-dian,et al.Forwardcalculation of the resistivity logging response throughcasing by transmission line equation for multi-layer for-mations[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(6):1905-1913.
[17]高杰,刘福平,包德洲,等.非均匀套管井中的过套管电阻率测井响应[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1255-1261.GAO Jie,LIU Fu-ping,BAO De-zhou,et al.Respon-ses simulation of through-casing resistivity logging in het-erogeneous-casing wells[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics,2008,51(4):1255-1261.
[18]谢进庄,杨景海,刘福平,等.过套管地层电阻率曲线环境影响校正方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):258-265.XIE Jin-zhuang,YANG Jing-hai,LIU Fu-ping,et al.Study on the environment effect and its correction meth-od for the formation resistivity logging data through cas-ing[J].Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(1):258-265.
[19]高杰,柯式镇,魏宝君,等.电法测井数值模拟现状及发展趋势分析[J].测井技术,2010,34(1):1-5.GAO Jie,KE Shi-zhen,WEI Bao-jun,et al.Introduc-tion to numerical simulation of electrical logging and itsdevelopment trend[J].Well Logging Technology,2010,34(1):1-5.
[20]孙金浩.俄罗斯过套管电阻率测井技术适用性研究[J].国外测井技术,2009,169:34-38.SUN Jin-hao.Study on the applicability of Russianthrough-casing resistivity logging technology[J].WorldWell Logging Technology,2009,169:34-38.
[21]王正国.俄罗斯过套管电阻率测井研究及应用[J].测井技术,2009,33(4):374-378.WANG Zheng-guo.Study on the Russian through casingresistivity logging and its application[J].Well LoggingTechnology,2009,33(4):374-378.
[22]李永发.俄罗斯过套管电阻率测井仪U电位波形干扰分析[J].石油仪器,2011,25(4):15-17.LI Yong-fa.U potential waveform interference analysisfor Russian through-casing resistivity logging tool[J].Petroleum Instruments,2011,25(4):15-17.
[2]KAUFMAN A A.The electrical field in a borehole with acasing[J].Geophysics,1990,55(1):29-38.
[3]KAUFMAN A A,WIGHTMAN W E.A transmission-linemodel for electrical logging through casing[J].Geophys-ics,1993,58(12):1739-1747.
[4]SCHENKEL C J,MORRISION H F.Electrical resistivitymeasurement through metal casing[J].Geophysics,1994,59(4):1072-1082.
[5]VAIL W B.Formation resistivity measurements throughmetal casing at the MWX-2 in Rifle:SPWLA 1995:pro-ceedings of the 36th Annual Logging Symposium,Colo-rado,June 26-29,1995[C].Louisiana:Society ofPetrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts,c1995.
[6]张金钟.水泥环对套管井电阻率测井的影响[J].测井技术,1995,19(6):406-410.ZHANG Jin-zhong.The effect of cement annulus on resis-tivity log in cased hole[J].Well Logging Technology,1995,19(6):406-410.
[7]尹军强,冯启宁,朱龙德,等.通过金属套管测量地层电阻率的可行性研究[J].测井技术,1998,22(5):376-379.YIN Jun-qiang,FENG Qi-ning,ZHU Long-de,et al.Feasibility study on formation resistivity measurementthrough metal casing[J].Well Logging Technology,1998,22(5):376-379.
[8]谢树棋,储昭坦,李克沛,等.套管井电阻率测井方法研究[J].测井技术,1999,23(5):338-343.XIE Shu-qi,CHU Zhao-tan,LI Ke-pei,et al.On meth-odology of resistivity logging through casing[J].WellLogging Technology,1999,23(5):338-343.
[9]ASKEY S,FARAG S,LOGAN J,et al.Cased hole re-sistivity measurements optimize management of maturewater flood in Indonesia:SPWLA 2002:proceedings ofthe 43rd Annual Logging Symposium,Oiso,June 2-5,2002[C].Louisiana:Society of Petrophysicists andWell-Log Analysts,c2002.
[10]ZHOU Q,JULANDER D,PENLEY L.Experienceswith cased hole resistivity logging for reservoir monito-ring:SPWLA 2002:proceedings of the 43rd AnnualLogging Symposium,Oiso,June 2-5,2002[C].Loui-siana:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Ana-lysts,c2002.
[11]BENIMELI D,LEVESQUE C,ROUAULT G,et al.Anew technique for faster resistivity measurements incased holes:SPWLA 2002:proceedings of the 43rd An-nual Logging Symposium,Oiso,June 2-5,2002[C].Louisiana:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Ana-lysts,c2002.
[12]高杰,刘福平,包德洲,等.过套管电阻率测井方法研究[J].测井技术,2007,31(3):229-232.GAO Jie,LIU Fu-ping,BAO De-zhou,et al.Study onthrough-casing resistivity logging[J].Well LoggingTechnology,2007,31(3):229-232.
[13]吴银川,张家田,严正国.过套管地层电阻率测井技术综述[J].石油仪器,2006,20(5):1-5.WU Yin-chuan,ZHANG Jia-tian,YAN Zheng-guo.Anoverview of the logging technology of formation resistivitythrough casing[J].Petroleum Instruments,2006,20(5):1-5.
[14]郑璐,张家田,严正国.过套管电阻率测井刻度概述[J].石油仪器,2010,24(1):7-8.ZHENG Lu,ZHANG Jia-tian,YAN Zheng-guo.An o-verview of the cased hole formation resistivity loggingcalibration[J].Petroleum Instruments,2010,24(1):7-8.
[15]郑璐,张家田,严正国,等.过套管电阻率测井刻度系统设计[J].石油仪器,2010,24(2):9-11.ZHENG Lu,ZHANG Jia-tian,YAN Zheng-guo,et al.Design of the calibration system of cased hole formationresistivity logging[J].Petroleum Instruments,2010,24(2):9-11.
[16]刘福平,高杰,孙宝佃,等.实际井眼条件下过套管电阻率测井响应的传输线方程正演算法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1905-1913.LIU Fu-ping,GAO Jie,SUN Bao-dian,et al.Forwardcalculation of the resistivity logging response throughcasing by transmission line equation for multi-layer for-mations[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(6):1905-1913.
[17]高杰,刘福平,包德洲,等.非均匀套管井中的过套管电阻率测井响应[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1255-1261.GAO Jie,LIU Fu-ping,BAO De-zhou,et al.Respon-ses simulation of through-casing resistivity logging in het-erogeneous-casing wells[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics,2008,51(4):1255-1261.
[18]谢进庄,杨景海,刘福平,等.过套管地层电阻率曲线环境影响校正方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):258-265.XIE Jin-zhuang,YANG Jing-hai,LIU Fu-ping,et al.Study on the environment effect and its correction meth-od for the formation resistivity logging data through cas-ing[J].Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(1):258-265.
[19]高杰,柯式镇,魏宝君,等.电法测井数值模拟现状及发展趋势分析[J].测井技术,2010,34(1):1-5.GAO Jie,KE Shi-zhen,WEI Bao-jun,et al.Introduc-tion to numerical simulation of electrical logging and itsdevelopment trend[J].Well Logging Technology,2010,34(1):1-5.
[20]孙金浩.俄罗斯过套管电阻率测井技术适用性研究[J].国外测井技术,2009,169:34-38.SUN Jin-hao.Study on the applicability of Russianthrough-casing resistivity logging technology[J].WorldWell Logging Technology,2009,169:34-38.
[21]王正国.俄罗斯过套管电阻率测井研究及应用[J].测井技术,2009,33(4):374-378.WANG Zheng-guo.Study on the Russian through casingresistivity logging and its application[J].Well LoggingTechnology,2009,33(4):374-378.
[22]李永发.俄罗斯过套管电阻率测井仪U电位波形干扰分析[J].石油仪器,2011,25(4):15-17.LI Yong-fa.U potential waveform interference analysisfor Russian through-casing resistivity logging tool[J].Petroleum Instruments,2011,25(4):15-17.