随钻方位伽马测井仪器设计及试验
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摘要
方位伽马测量仪是钻井行业普遍应用的一种重要的随钻测井仪器.随钻方位伽马测井仪器能在钻井过程中有效测量地层的放射性强度,为钻井工程提供方位地质参数、区分原状地层的岩性,进而为地质导向提供地层信息.本文依托随钻伽马测井基本方法原理,简要探讨了随钻方位伽马探测器的设计方法,基于探测器安装剖面的建模条件,采用MATLAB软件详细计算了不同尺度晶体在不同钻井速度下的仪器性能指标,通过理论计算和实验验证了设计的正确性和可行性,在此基础上,阐述了随钻伽马井下测量仪器的刻度方法.现场实际应用证明,该仪器在国内地质导向系统中取得了良好的应用效果.
Measurement instrument of azimuth gamma which is an important measurement instrument of while drilling is generally applied in the drilling industry. Azimuth gamma logging instrument of while drilling is effective in measuring radioactivity formation in drilling process,thus providing geological parameters for drilling engineering,and then judging stratum information for geosteering.In this paper,relying on the basic principle of natural gamma ray of logging while drilling, the design method of azimuth gamma instrument of while drilling is briefly introduced. Based on the modeling condition of detector installation profile,the index of the instrument performance under different scales crystal and different drilling speeds are calculated in detail by using MATLAB software,and the correctness and feasibility of the design are verified by theoretical calculation and experiment. On the basis of these,the calibration method of hole measurement instrument of while drilling gamma down is elaborated. Field application proves that the instrument has achieved good effect in logging geosteering system of the domestic field.
Measurement instrument of azimuth gamma which is an important measurement instrument of while drilling is generally applied in the drilling industry. Azimuth gamma logging instrument of while drilling is effective in measuring radioactivity formation in drilling process,thus providing geological parameters for drilling engineering,and then judging stratum information for geosteering.In this paper,relying on the basic principle of natural gamma ray of logging while drilling, the design method of azimuth gamma instrument of while drilling is briefly introduced. Based on the modeling condition of detector installation profile,the index of the instrument performance under different scales crystal and different drilling speeds are calculated in detail by using MATLAB software,and the correctness and feasibility of the design are verified by theoretical calculation and experiment. On the basis of these,the calibration method of hole measurement instrument of while drilling gamma down is elaborated. Field application proves that the instrument has achieved good effect in logging geosteering system of the domestic field.
引文
Bryant T M,Gage T D.1988.API pit calibration MWD gamma ray tools[C].//SPWLA 29th Annual Logging Symposium.San Antonio,Texas:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts.
Efnik M S,Hamawi M,Al Shamri A,et al.1999.Using new advances in LWD technology for geosteering and geologic modeling[R].SPE/IADC 57537.
James Neville T,Weller G,Faivre O,et al.2007.A new-generation LWD tool with colocated sensors opens new opportunities for formation evaluation[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,10(2):132-139.
Jia H T,Peng H,Deng L,et al.2014.LWD gamma measurement system[J].Microcomputer&its Applications(in Chinese),33(16):18-21.
Li H Q,Ding J L,Lin N,et al.2008.Research and application of data processing in gamma ray logging while drilling[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques(in Chinese),36(4):12-14.
Lin N,Xiao H B,Li Y H.2005.The factors affecting the measuring accuracy of natural gamma while drilling[J].Mud Logging Engineering(in Chinese),16(2):38-41.
Luo Q F,Wang T Y,Liang Y J,et al.2012.Design of the azimuth gamma detector[J].Petroleum Instruments(in Chinese),26(4):1-3.
Mendoza A,Ellis D V,Rasmus J C.2006.Why the LWD and wireline gamma ray measurements may read deferent values in the same well[C].//First International Oil Conference and Exhibition.Cancun,Mexico,SPE 101718.
Pitcher J.2009.A new azimuthal gamma at bit imaging tool for geosteering thin reservoirs[R].SPE/IADC 118328.
Shao C R,Cao X J,Chen G X,et al.2013.A fast forward algorithm for LWD gamma-ray response and its geosteering application[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(11):3932-3942,doi:10.6038/cjg20131135.
Xiao H B,Ma Z,Li S.2002.Development of the GR downhole tool while drilling[J].Petroleum Instruments(in Chinese),16(2):15-17.
Xu F L.2010.A logging while drilling instrument of development and application[J].Science and Technology of West China(in Chinese),9(25):20-23.
Yang J Z,Xiao H B,Zhang H H.2004.Study on the calibration device for MWD gamma ray tool[J].Petroleum Instruments(in Chinese),18(5):24-26.
Yao W B,Li H,Shang J,et al.2013.Development of natural gamma tool used in logging while drilling[J].Electronic Measurement Technology(in Chinese),36(6):42-45.
Yin H Z,Zhou J J,Guo P J.2008.A hybrid solution for fast 3D gamma ray tool modeling in high angle and horizontal wells[C].//SPWLA49th Annual Logging Symposium.Austin,Texas:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts.
Yuan C,Zhou C C,Zhang F,et al.2014.Optimization of diameter of detector for azimuthal gamma logging while drilling[J].China Petroleum Machinery(in Chinese),42(3):1-4.
贾衡天,彭浩,邓乐,等.2014.随钻自然伽马测量系统[J].微型机与应用,33(16):18-21.
李洪强,丁景丽,林楠,等.2008.随钻伽马测量数据处理方法的研究及应用[J].石油钻探技术,36(4):12-14.
林楠,肖红兵,李勇华.2005.影响随钻自然伽马测量精度的因素[J].录井工程,16(2):38-41.
骆庆锋,王铁永,梁羽佳,等.2012.方位自然伽马探测器设计研究[J].石油仪器,26(4):1-3.
邵才瑞,曹先军,陈国兴,等.2013.随钻伽马测井快速正演算法及地质导向应用[J].地球物理学报,56(11):3932-3942,doi:10.6038/cjg20131135.
肖红兵,马哲,李闪.2002.随钻自然伽马井下测量仪器的研制[J].石油仪器,16(2):15-17.
徐凤玲.2010.一种随钻测井仪器的研制及应用[J].中国西部科技,9(25):20-23.
杨锦舟,肖红兵,张海花.2004.随钻自然伽马刻度装置及量值传递研究[J].石油仪器,18(5):24-26.
姚文彬,李辉,尚捷,等.2013.随钻自然伽马测井仪研制[J].电子测量技术,36(6):42-45.
袁超,周灿灿,张锋,等.2014.随钻方位伽马测井探测器直径优化设计[J].石油机械,42(3):1-4.
Efnik M S,Hamawi M,Al Shamri A,et al.1999.Using new advances in LWD technology for geosteering and geologic modeling[R].SPE/IADC 57537.
James Neville T,Weller G,Faivre O,et al.2007.A new-generation LWD tool with colocated sensors opens new opportunities for formation evaluation[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,10(2):132-139.
Jia H T,Peng H,Deng L,et al.2014.LWD gamma measurement system[J].Microcomputer&its Applications(in Chinese),33(16):18-21.
Li H Q,Ding J L,Lin N,et al.2008.Research and application of data processing in gamma ray logging while drilling[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques(in Chinese),36(4):12-14.
Lin N,Xiao H B,Li Y H.2005.The factors affecting the measuring accuracy of natural gamma while drilling[J].Mud Logging Engineering(in Chinese),16(2):38-41.
Luo Q F,Wang T Y,Liang Y J,et al.2012.Design of the azimuth gamma detector[J].Petroleum Instruments(in Chinese),26(4):1-3.
Mendoza A,Ellis D V,Rasmus J C.2006.Why the LWD and wireline gamma ray measurements may read deferent values in the same well[C].//First International Oil Conference and Exhibition.Cancun,Mexico,SPE 101718.
Pitcher J.2009.A new azimuthal gamma at bit imaging tool for geosteering thin reservoirs[R].SPE/IADC 118328.
Shao C R,Cao X J,Chen G X,et al.2013.A fast forward algorithm for LWD gamma-ray response and its geosteering application[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(11):3932-3942,doi:10.6038/cjg20131135.
Xiao H B,Ma Z,Li S.2002.Development of the GR downhole tool while drilling[J].Petroleum Instruments(in Chinese),16(2):15-17.
Xu F L.2010.A logging while drilling instrument of development and application[J].Science and Technology of West China(in Chinese),9(25):20-23.
Yang J Z,Xiao H B,Zhang H H.2004.Study on the calibration device for MWD gamma ray tool[J].Petroleum Instruments(in Chinese),18(5):24-26.
Yao W B,Li H,Shang J,et al.2013.Development of natural gamma tool used in logging while drilling[J].Electronic Measurement Technology(in Chinese),36(6):42-45.
Yin H Z,Zhou J J,Guo P J.2008.A hybrid solution for fast 3D gamma ray tool modeling in high angle and horizontal wells[C].//SPWLA49th Annual Logging Symposium.Austin,Texas:Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts.
Yuan C,Zhou C C,Zhang F,et al.2014.Optimization of diameter of detector for azimuthal gamma logging while drilling[J].China Petroleum Machinery(in Chinese),42(3):1-4.
贾衡天,彭浩,邓乐,等.2014.随钻自然伽马测量系统[J].微型机与应用,33(16):18-21.
李洪强,丁景丽,林楠,等.2008.随钻伽马测量数据处理方法的研究及应用[J].石油钻探技术,36(4):12-14.
林楠,肖红兵,李勇华.2005.影响随钻自然伽马测量精度的因素[J].录井工程,16(2):38-41.
骆庆锋,王铁永,梁羽佳,等.2012.方位自然伽马探测器设计研究[J].石油仪器,26(4):1-3.
邵才瑞,曹先军,陈国兴,等.2013.随钻伽马测井快速正演算法及地质导向应用[J].地球物理学报,56(11):3932-3942,doi:10.6038/cjg20131135.
肖红兵,马哲,李闪.2002.随钻自然伽马井下测量仪器的研制[J].石油仪器,16(2):15-17.
徐凤玲.2010.一种随钻测井仪器的研制及应用[J].中国西部科技,9(25):20-23.
杨锦舟,肖红兵,张海花.2004.随钻自然伽马刻度装置及量值传递研究[J].石油仪器,18(5):24-26.
姚文彬,李辉,尚捷,等.2013.随钻自然伽马测井仪研制[J].电子测量技术,36(6):42-45.
袁超,周灿灿,张锋,等.2014.随钻方位伽马测井探测器直径优化设计[J].石油机械,42(3):1-4.