基于响应曲面优化法的塑膜与装饰薄木辊压复合工艺
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摘要
为提高珍贵木材利用率和产品附加值,研发了新型塑膜增强柔性薄木。试验采用自主研发的防卷曲热压辊压机将经空气等离子体预处理的低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)薄膜和花梨装饰薄木进行辊压复合,利用响应曲面法研究辊压压力、温度和进给速度等因素对塑膜增强柔性薄木剥离强度的影响,优化辊压法制备新型塑膜增强柔性薄木的工艺参数。结果表明:1)辊压法制备塑膜增强柔性薄木,可利用辊压设备的在线即时反向冷却和重力拉伸技术,显著缓解塑膜增强柔性薄木高温热压卷曲变形现象; 2)辊压法制备塑膜增强柔性薄木的较优工艺参数为:辊压压力0.6 MPa、温度140℃、进给速度1.6 m/min; 3)在优化工艺条件下制备的柔性装饰薄木,剥离强度达0.49 k N/m,横向抗拉强度达4.13 MPa,柔韧性可达钢棒直径4 mm,浸渍剥离性能达到国标I类试验要求。辊压法制备塑膜增强柔性装饰薄木,可实现工业化连续生产,大幅提高生产效率,解决卷曲变形问题,保证后续饰面质量。研究结果可为新型塑膜增强柔性薄木的制备和工业化应用提供重要技术支持和理论依据。
A new plastic film reinforced pliable decorative veneer( PRPDSV) was developed to improve the utilization rate of precious wood and increase the value of products,and further upgrade the production efficiency and product quality of wood products' facings. The roll pressing method was helpful to increase production efficiency and ease curl deformation during the PRPDSV preparation. So,the roll pressing equipment was used to roll-compress the air plasma pretreated plastic film and decorative veneer,and the response surface methodology was used for achieving the process optimization in this paper. The Pterocarpus sp. decorative veneer and low-density polyethylene( LDPE) film were modified by the low-temperature plasma firstly,and a new type of PRPDSV was prepared using an independently developed anti-crimping hot press roller press. The reinforced flexible decorative veneer was used to study the influence of process pressure factors,such as,the roll pressure,temperature and feeding speed,on the peel strength of PRPDSV.The results showed that: 1) due to online instant reverse cooling and gravity stretching device,the roll-pressed method manufacturing plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative veneer can significantly ease the curling deformation phenomenon; 2) the preferred technological parameters for the preparation of PRPDSV by the roll method were the roll pressure of 0.6 MPa,temperature of 140 ℃,and feeding rate of 4 m/min; 3) the PRPDSV prepared under the optimized process conditions had the peel strength of 0.49 kN/m,transverse tensile strength of 4.13 MPa,flexibility up to 4 mm,and the impregnation peeling performance meeting requirements of the Class Ⅰ test. The roll-pressed plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative veneer can realize the industrial continuous production,greatly increase the productivity,solve the curl deformation problem,and ensure the quality of the subsequent finish. This study can provide an important technical support for the preparation and industrial application of a new type of PRPDSV.
A new plastic film reinforced pliable decorative veneer( PRPDSV) was developed to improve the utilization rate of precious wood and increase the value of products,and further upgrade the production efficiency and product quality of wood products' facings. The roll pressing method was helpful to increase production efficiency and ease curl deformation during the PRPDSV preparation. So,the roll pressing equipment was used to roll-compress the air plasma pretreated plastic film and decorative veneer,and the response surface methodology was used for achieving the process optimization in this paper. The Pterocarpus sp. decorative veneer and low-density polyethylene( LDPE) film were modified by the low-temperature plasma firstly,and a new type of PRPDSV was prepared using an independently developed anti-crimping hot press roller press. The reinforced flexible decorative veneer was used to study the influence of process pressure factors,such as,the roll pressure,temperature and feeding speed,on the peel strength of PRPDSV.The results showed that: 1) due to online instant reverse cooling and gravity stretching device,the roll-pressed method manufacturing plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative veneer can significantly ease the curling deformation phenomenon; 2) the preferred technological parameters for the preparation of PRPDSV by the roll method were the roll pressure of 0.6 MPa,temperature of 140 ℃,and feeding rate of 4 m/min; 3) the PRPDSV prepared under the optimized process conditions had the peel strength of 0.49 kN/m,transverse tensile strength of 4.13 MPa,flexibility up to 4 mm,and the impregnation peeling performance meeting requirements of the Class Ⅰ test. The roll-pressed plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative veneer can realize the industrial continuous production,greatly increase the productivity,solve the curl deformation problem,and ensure the quality of the subsequent finish. This study can provide an important technical support for the preparation and industrial application of a new type of PRPDSV.
引文
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[7]李年存,向琴,杨灿明.柔性人造装饰薄木制造工艺的研究[J].木材工业,2000,20(2):40-43.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-923X.2000.02.017.LI N C,XIANG Q,YANG C M.Study of the process of making soft artificial decorative veneer[J].China Wood Industry,2000,20(2):40-43.
[8]胡建鹏,郭明辉.木纤维-木质素磺酸铵-聚乳酸复合材料的工艺优化与可靠性分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(1):115-121.DOI:10.13332/j.cnki.jbfu.2015.01.001.HU J P,GUO M H.Optimal process and reliability analysis of fiberammoniumlignosulphonate-PLA wood Composites[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2015,37(1):115-121.
[9]ARAVIND M,PERIYASAMY D S.Optimization of surface grinding process parameters bytaguchi method and response surface methodology[J].International Journal of Engineering Research&Technology(IJERT),1997,57:975-983.
[10]徐康,吕建雄,李贤军,等.基于响应曲面优化法的木材高强微波预处理工艺[J].林业科学,2014,50(11):109-114.DOI:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20141115.XU K,LYU J X,LI X J,et al.Process of wood high-intensity microwave pretreatment based on response surface methodology[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2014,50(11):109-114.
[11]PENG X R,ZHANG Z K.Hot-pressing composite curling deformation characteristics of plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative sliced veneer[J].Composites Science&Technology,2018,157:40-47.
[12]PENG X R,ZHANG Z K.Plasma treatment of plastic film or decorative veneer and its effects on the peel strength and curling deformation of plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative sliced veneer(PR-RP-DSV)[J].Holzforschung,2018,9-19 online.
[13]寇哲君,戴棣,曹正华.复合材料结构固化变形预测[J].材料工程,2007(S1):225-228.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4381.2007.z1.051.KOU Z J,DAI L,CAO Z H.Prediction of cure induced deformation for composite structures[J].Material Engineering,2007(S1):225-228.
[14]张洪武,廖爱华,吴昌华.压气机过盈配合的弹塑性有摩擦接触的研究[J].工程力学,2007,24(1):177-191.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4750.2007.01.032.ZHANG H W,LIAO A H,WU C H.Study onelastoplastic frictional contact problem in interference fits of compressors[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(1):177-191.
[2]吴智慧.我国家具与室内装饰行业的现状与科技需求[J].木材工业,2009,23(2):23-26.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8654.2009.02.008.WU Z H.The present status and prospect of Chinese furniture industry development[J].China wood Industry,2009,23(2):23-26.
[3]张志刚.木制品表面装饰技术[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2007.ZHANG Z G.Wood products surface decoration technology[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2007.
[4]彭晓瑞,张占宽.塑膜增强柔性装饰薄木的制备工艺及性能研究[J].木材工业,2017,31(1):50-53.DOI:10.19455/j.mcgy.20170111.PENG X R,ZHANG Z K.Technology and properties of flexible decorative veneers reinforced with low density polyethylene(LDPE)[J].China Wood Industry,2017,31(1):50-53.
[5]彭晓瑞,张占宽.等离子体改性提高塑膜增强柚木柔性薄木的胶合性能机理[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(6):89-96.PENG X R,ZHANG Z K.Reinforced mechanism of adhesion properties of polyethylene film enhanced teak decorative veneer by plasma modification[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2018,46(6):89-96.
[6]彭晓瑞,张占宽.等离子体改性制备塑膜增强柔性装饰薄木的工艺[J].木材工业,2017,31(3):49-53.DOI:10.19455/j.mcgy.20170311.PENG X R,ZHANG Z K.Analysis of optimization manufacturing technology of LDPE reinforced pliable decorative veneer by plasma pretreated[J].China Wood Industry,2017,31(3):49-53.
[7]李年存,向琴,杨灿明.柔性人造装饰薄木制造工艺的研究[J].木材工业,2000,20(2):40-43.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-923X.2000.02.017.LI N C,XIANG Q,YANG C M.Study of the process of making soft artificial decorative veneer[J].China Wood Industry,2000,20(2):40-43.
[8]胡建鹏,郭明辉.木纤维-木质素磺酸铵-聚乳酸复合材料的工艺优化与可靠性分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(1):115-121.DOI:10.13332/j.cnki.jbfu.2015.01.001.HU J P,GUO M H.Optimal process and reliability analysis of fiberammoniumlignosulphonate-PLA wood Composites[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2015,37(1):115-121.
[9]ARAVIND M,PERIYASAMY D S.Optimization of surface grinding process parameters bytaguchi method and response surface methodology[J].International Journal of Engineering Research&Technology(IJERT),1997,57:975-983.
[10]徐康,吕建雄,李贤军,等.基于响应曲面优化法的木材高强微波预处理工艺[J].林业科学,2014,50(11):109-114.DOI:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20141115.XU K,LYU J X,LI X J,et al.Process of wood high-intensity microwave pretreatment based on response surface methodology[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2014,50(11):109-114.
[11]PENG X R,ZHANG Z K.Hot-pressing composite curling deformation characteristics of plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative sliced veneer[J].Composites Science&Technology,2018,157:40-47.
[12]PENG X R,ZHANG Z K.Plasma treatment of plastic film or decorative veneer and its effects on the peel strength and curling deformation of plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative sliced veneer(PR-RP-DSV)[J].Holzforschung,2018,9-19 online.
[13]寇哲君,戴棣,曹正华.复合材料结构固化变形预测[J].材料工程,2007(S1):225-228.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4381.2007.z1.051.KOU Z J,DAI L,CAO Z H.Prediction of cure induced deformation for composite structures[J].Material Engineering,2007(S1):225-228.
[14]张洪武,廖爱华,吴昌华.压气机过盈配合的弹塑性有摩擦接触的研究[J].工程力学,2007,24(1):177-191.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4750.2007.01.032.ZHANG H W,LIAO A H,WU C H.Study onelastoplastic frictional contact problem in interference fits of compressors[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(1):177-191.