厚硬顶板-煤层结构的力学特性
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摘要
为研究工作面推进过程中顶板及煤层的变形及受力情况,将煤层和顶板简化为弹性剪切梁模型,根据忻州窑矿地质条件和煤岩性质,分析工作面煤岩沉降规律、力学特征以及极限跨度。结果表明,随着工作面推进,采空区上部顶板下沉量逐渐增大,煤壁内顶板沉降变化呈先快速增长后变缓的特点。煤层上部顶板剪力呈现指数函数减小的趋势,峰值剪应力与推进距离呈线性增长的关系。煤壁内部顶板应力的影响范围也在逐步增大。工作面支撑压力满足指数函数关系,推进距离与煤壁支撑压力呈线性正比例关系,支撑压力不断增大,但对煤壁深处的影响范围不变。忻州窑矿极限跨度为105 m。该研究为工作面稳定性控制与顶板灾害预报提供了理论依据。
This paper introduces a research into the deformation of roof and coal seam in the process of advance of working faces. The study involves simplifying coal seam and roof into an elastic shear beam model; analyzing the underlying law behind working face coal subsidence,shear stress,shear and support pressure distribution,and limit span,according to geological conditions and coal properties occurring in the Xinzhou Mine. The results show that the advancing working face is followed by a gradual increase in roof subsidence of the upper goaf; an initial rapid and a subsequent slow change in roof settlement and an exponential decrease in the roof shear stress; a linearly increasing relationship between the peak shear stress and the advancing distance; an increase in the influence range of the roof stress inside the coal wall; an occurrence of the supporting pressure of the working face satisfying exponential function relation;a direct proportion between the advancing distance and the supporting pressure of the coal wall; and an increase in the supporting pressure,but without any change in the influence range of the coal wall.Xinzhou Mine is in operation with a limit span of 105 m. The study may provide a theoretical basis for controlling the stability of the working face and predicting the roof disasters.
This paper introduces a research into the deformation of roof and coal seam in the process of advance of working faces. The study involves simplifying coal seam and roof into an elastic shear beam model; analyzing the underlying law behind working face coal subsidence,shear stress,shear and support pressure distribution,and limit span,according to geological conditions and coal properties occurring in the Xinzhou Mine. The results show that the advancing working face is followed by a gradual increase in roof subsidence of the upper goaf; an initial rapid and a subsequent slow change in roof settlement and an exponential decrease in the roof shear stress; a linearly increasing relationship between the peak shear stress and the advancing distance; an increase in the influence range of the roof stress inside the coal wall; an occurrence of the supporting pressure of the working face satisfying exponential function relation;a direct proportion between the advancing distance and the supporting pressure of the coal wall; and an increase in the supporting pressure,but without any change in the influence range of the coal wall.Xinzhou Mine is in operation with a limit span of 105 m. The study may provide a theoretical basis for controlling the stability of the working face and predicting the roof disasters.
引文
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[12]王树仁,Hagan P,程岩,等.岩板断裂铰接成拱过程及其失稳特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(8):1674-1679.
[13]刘刚,肖福坤,胡刚,等.应用ARES-5/E地音系统分析梨树煤矿右三高抽巷冲击危险性[J].煤矿开采,2017,22(3):84-88.
[14]刘刚,李连崇,肖福坤,等.“三硬”煤岩组合体冲击倾向性数值分析[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(8):198-200,204.
[15]刘刚,张艳军,申志亮,等.花岗岩损伤破坏的声发射评价[J].黑龙江科技大学学报,2015,25(6):615-620.
[2]孙喜贵.顶板锚固区岩层变形破坏特征实验研究[J].煤矿开采,2013,18(6):63-66.
[3]周清龙,刘大鹏,赵阳升,等.急倾斜煤层顶板破坏特征相似模拟[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(1):26-28.
[4]刘洪磊,杨天鸿,朱万成,等.范各庄矿5煤顶板破坏及突水模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(3):332-335.
[5]杨建辉,蔡美峰.层状岩石铰接拱全过程变形性质试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(2):209-212.
[6]杨建辉,尚岳全.层状岩石铰接拱全程力学性质试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(S1):2852-2857.
[7]张淑坤,王来贵.局部弱场控制下煤柱顶板结构破坏模拟研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2017,44(2):98-101.
[8]熊祖强,王晓蕾.复合顶板综放面覆岩破坏及裂隙演化相似模拟试验[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(10):22-28.
[9]唐晓玲,叶明亮.薄煤层坚硬顶板的薄板理论分析及来压预报[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2003,15(2):67-69.
[10]翟所业,张开智.用弹性板理论分析采场覆岩中的关键层[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11):1856-1860.
[11]孙伟,谢飞鸿,郭磊.基于弹性薄板理论的巷道层状顶板破坏的能量法分析[J].石家庄铁道学院学报(自然科学版),2009,22(2):50-53.
[12]王树仁,Hagan P,程岩,等.岩板断裂铰接成拱过程及其失稳特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(8):1674-1679.
[13]刘刚,肖福坤,胡刚,等.应用ARES-5/E地音系统分析梨树煤矿右三高抽巷冲击危险性[J].煤矿开采,2017,22(3):84-88.
[14]刘刚,李连崇,肖福坤,等.“三硬”煤岩组合体冲击倾向性数值分析[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(8):198-200,204.
[15]刘刚,张艳军,申志亮,等.花岗岩损伤破坏的声发射评价[J].黑龙江科技大学学报,2015,25(6):615-620.