基于多目标0-1规划的采掘作业计划优化
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摘要
为了满足矿山精细化管理的要求,实现生产的安全性和高效性目标,针对地下金属矿山传统计划编制时存在主观性强、实时性差、效率低、误差大以及难以求得全局最优解的弊端,以采掘车间月出矿量、月出矿平均品位、月生产利润为目标,以采场地质条件、车间生产能力、生产任务以及生产原则为约束,构建基于多目标0-1规划的采掘车间作业计划优化模型。模型采用理想点法对目标函数进行降维,决策变量为二维0-1变量,从空间和时间2个维度描述了采掘车间的生产决策状态,简化了模型的求解过程,在LINGO求解器中编写模型语言进行求解,进而得到计划周期内的最优排产方案。以某地下黄金矿山车间作业计划编制为应用案例,解算出某月采场开采的最优时序方案,并用甘特图进行直观展示。结果表明:该模型适用于地下金属矿山采掘作业计划编制,克服了手工编制方法的弊端,保证了采掘车间生产指标的动态平衡,有利于提高矿山的经济效益。
In order to meet the requirements of refined mining management and realize the safety and high efficiency of mine production,the tradition planning of underground metal mine has some disadvantages such as strong subjectivity,poor real-time performance,low efficiency,big error and difficult to obtain the global optimal solution.The mining workshop operation plan is converted into the multi-objective 0-1 programming model constrained by the mining conditions,workshop production capacity,production tasks as well as production principles,which aims to maximum monthly mining amount,average ore grade and production profits.The ideal point method is used to reduce the dimension of the objective function,the production decision-making state of the mining workshop is described from two dimensions: space and time by two-dimensional 0-1 decision variables,so the solution process of the model is simplified.The model is solved by programming in LINGO,and then the optimal scheduling plane in the planning cycle is obtained.The optimization model established in this paper is applied in an underground gold mine to optimize the mining operation plan,the optimal timing scheme of stope mining of a certain mouth is obtained,and is is displayed by using the Gantt chart.The study results show that the optimization model established in this paper is suitable for the mining operation plan scheduling of underground metal mine,and is good for overcome the drawbacks of the manual scheduling method,besides that,it also help for improving the economic benefits of the mine.
In order to meet the requirements of refined mining management and realize the safety and high efficiency of mine production,the tradition planning of underground metal mine has some disadvantages such as strong subjectivity,poor real-time performance,low efficiency,big error and difficult to obtain the global optimal solution.The mining workshop operation plan is converted into the multi-objective 0-1 programming model constrained by the mining conditions,workshop production capacity,production tasks as well as production principles,which aims to maximum monthly mining amount,average ore grade and production profits.The ideal point method is used to reduce the dimension of the objective function,the production decision-making state of the mining workshop is described from two dimensions: space and time by two-dimensional 0-1 decision variables,so the solution process of the model is simplified.The model is solved by programming in LINGO,and then the optimal scheduling plane in the planning cycle is obtained.The optimization model established in this paper is applied in an underground gold mine to optimize the mining operation plan,the optimal timing scheme of stope mining of a certain mouth is obtained,and is is displayed by using the Gantt chart.The study results show that the optimization model established in this paper is suitable for the mining operation plan scheduling of underground metal mine,and is good for overcome the drawbacks of the manual scheduling method,besides that,it also help for improving the economic benefits of the mine.
引文
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[3]田谦益,李敬敬,陈建华,等.一种带备选方案的露天矿生产作业计划优化方法[J].山东科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015,34(6):102-106.Tian Qianyi,Li Jingjing,Chen Jianhua,et al.A optimization method of open-pit-mining production planning with various alternatives[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology:Natural Science,2015,34(6):102-106.
[4]明建,李国清,胡乃联.基于市场的地下金属矿山生产计划优化[J].北京科技大学学报,2013,35(9):1215-1220.Ming Jian,Li Guoqing,Hu Nailian.Optimization of production planning for underground metal mines based on market[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2013,35(9):1215-1220.
[5]付厚利,韩继欢,闫丽,等.三山岛金矿采充动态平衡分析模型的研究与应用[J].山东科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015,34(1):92-98.Fu Houli,Han Jihuan,Yan Li,et al.Analytical model of dynamic equilibrium between mining and filling at Sanshandao gold mine and its application[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology:Natural Science,2015,34(1):92-98.
[6]赵传卿.规划模型在黄金矿山短期生产作业计划的应用[J].有色矿山,2003,32(5):11-14.Zhao Chuanqing.Application of program model in the short period production plan in gold mine[J].Nonferrous Mines,2003,32(5):11-14.
[7]李英龙,童光煦.矿山生产计划编制方法的发展概况[J].金属矿山,1994(12):11-16.Li Yinglong,Tong Guangxu,et al.Survey of the development of mine production plan scheduling[J].Metal Mine,1994(12):11-16.
[8]胡乃联,李勇,李国清,等.用粒子群算法优化编制露天矿生产作业计划[J].北京科技大学学报,2013,35(4):537-543.Hu Nailian,Li Yong,Li Guoqing,et al.Optimization of open-pit mining operational planning by using a particle swarm algorithm[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2013,35(4):537-543.
[9]侯杰,胡乃联,李国清,等.多金属地下矿山生产计划动态优化[J].工程科学学报,2016,38(4):453-460.Hou Jie,Hu Nailian,Li Guoqing,et al.Dynamic optimization of production plans for multi-metal underground mines[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering,2016,38(4):453-460.
[10]王李管,任助理,潘传鹏,等.基于混合整数规划法的采场回采顺序优化分析[J].中国有色金属学报,2016,26(1):173-179.Wang Liguan,Ren Zhuli,Pan Chuanpeng,et al.Optimization analysis of stoping sequence based on mixed integer programming[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2016,26(1):173-179.
[11]陈孝华,魏一鸣,叶家冕,等.地下矿山采掘计划神经网络专家系统研究[J].云南冶金,2002,31(5):1-4.Chen Xiaohua,Wei Yiming,Ye Jiamian,et al.Expert system of neural network for mining scheduling of underground mine[J].Yunnan Metallurgy,2002,31(5):1-4.