断块砂岩油藏动态成藏过程模拟实验
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摘要
为研究油藏动态成藏规律,开展了原油动态成藏过程中储集层油水渗流能力差异、动力条件对原油富集程度影响的模拟实验。实验结果表明,油、水渗流能力在砂岩中存在显著差异,油的渗流能力低于水的渗流能力,造成油在岩心中积累,从而造成渗透介质内油的动态富集;原油的富集程度还受充注动力条件控制,充注动力越强,原油越容易富集,富集程度越高。根据实验结果推测,适当开启的正断层遮挡油藏符合油藏动态成藏模式,应用动态模型可以比较合理地解释断层遮挡的有效性、断块油藏复杂原油物性分布、断层遮挡油藏成藏与盆地成烃背景的宏观关系等。
In order to study dynamic hydrocarbon accumulation in fault-block sandstone reservoirs,related simulation experiments are car-ried out on the differences of filtration capacities between oil and water and the impact of hydrodynamic conditions on oil enrichment dur-ing the dynamic oil accumulation.The result shows that significant difference exists in oil and water filtration capacities,oil filtration capac-ity is lower than that of water,which results in the oil accumulation in cores and then the dynamic oil enrichment in permeable media; oilenrichment is constrained by hydrodynamic conditions during hydrocarbon charging,and the stronger the hydrodynamic force is,the easierthe oil enrichment will be,and the higher the enrichment degree will be,too.It is assumed that appropriate-open reservoirs sheltered bynormal faults are in accordance with the dynamic reservoir accumulation patterns and the application of the dynamic model could macro-scopically explain the relationships among the effectiveness of fault sheltering,complicated physical property distribution of fault block res-ervoirs,accumulation of fault-sheltered reservoirs and hydrocarbon generation setting in the basin and so on.
In order to study dynamic hydrocarbon accumulation in fault-block sandstone reservoirs,related simulation experiments are car-ried out on the differences of filtration capacities between oil and water and the impact of hydrodynamic conditions on oil enrichment dur-ing the dynamic oil accumulation.The result shows that significant difference exists in oil and water filtration capacities,oil filtration capac-ity is lower than that of water,which results in the oil accumulation in cores and then the dynamic oil enrichment in permeable media; oilenrichment is constrained by hydrodynamic conditions during hydrocarbon charging,and the stronger the hydrodynamic force is,the easierthe oil enrichment will be,and the higher the enrichment degree will be,too.It is assumed that appropriate-open reservoirs sheltered bynormal faults are in accordance with the dynamic reservoir accumulation patterns and the application of the dynamic model could macro-scopically explain the relationships among the effectiveness of fault sheltering,complicated physical property distribution of fault block res-ervoirs,accumulation of fault-sheltered reservoirs and hydrocarbon generation setting in the basin and so on.
引文
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[14]包友书,蒋有录,张林晔,等.饱和压力法确定成藏期问题探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):379-384.BAO Youshu,JIANG Youlu,ZHANG Linye,et al.Conditions forthe saturation pressure method in identifying oil accumulation peri-ods[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(3):379-384.
[15]万志峰,夏斌,蔡周荣,等.南海北部油气成藏区带的划分与勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2010,30(8):4-8.WAN Zhifeng,XIA Bin,CAI Zhourong,et al.Plays division and ex-ploration potentials in the northern South China Sea[J].NaturalGas Industry,2010,30(8):4-8.
[2]郝芳,邹华耀,方勇.隐蔽油气藏研究的难点和前沿[J].地学前缘,2005,12(4):481-488.HAO Fang,ZOU Huayao,FANG Yong.The difficulties and frontiers of subtle oil/gas reservoir research[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(4):481-488.
[3]胡晓兰,樊太亮,王宏语,等.隐蔽油气藏勘探理论体系再认识[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(6):996-1 003.HU Xiaolan,FAN Tailiang,WANG Hongyu,et al.Recognition oftheoretical system of subtle reservoirs exploration[J].Natural GasGeoscience,2010,21(6):996-1 003.
[4]张林晔,刘庆,张春荣,等.东营凹陷成烃与成藏关系研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:116-118.ZHANG Linye,LIU Qing,ZHANG Chunrong,et al.Study on the ge-netic relationships between hydrocarbon occurrence and pools for-mation in Dongying depression[M].Beijing:Geological Publish-ing House,2005:116-118.
[5]卓勤功.断陷盆地洼陷带岩性油气藏成藏机理及运聚模式[J].石油学报,2006,27(6):19-22.ZHUO Qingong.Reservoir-forming mechanism and migration-accu-mulation mode of lithological pool in deep sub-depression of rift-sub-sidence basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(6):19-22.
[6]赵文智,汪泽成,王红军,等.中国中低丰度大油气田基本特征及形成条件[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(6):641-650.ZHAO Wenzhi,WANG Zecheng,WANG Hongjun,et al.Principalcharacteristics and forming conditions for medium-low abundancelarge scale oil/gas fields in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and De-velopment,2008,35(6):641-650.
[7]赵文智,邹才能,谷志东,等.砂岩透镜体油气成藏机理初探[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):273-284.ZHAO Wenzhi,ZOU Caineng,GU Zhidong,et al.Preliminary dis-cussion on accumulation mechanism of sand lens reservoirs[J].Pe-troleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(3):273-284.
[8]蒋有录,查明.石油天然气地质与勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006:188-189.JIANG Youlu,ZHA Ming.Oil and gas geology and exploration[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006:188-189.
[9]张厚福,方朝亮,高先志,等.石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007:178-182.ZHANG Houfu,FANG Zhaoliang,GAO Xianzhi,et al.Petroleum ge-ology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007:178-182.
[10]包友书,张林晔,张守春,等.用渗流法研究东营凹陷烃源岩压实排油特点[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):707-710.BAO Youshu,ZHANG Linye,ZHANG Shouchun,et al.Compact-expulsion characteristics of source rocks in Shahejie formation ofDongying depression using percolation method[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2008,29(5):707-710.
[11]李明诚.油气运移若干问题的再认识[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(2):133-137.LI Mingcheng.Re-understanding of some problems about petro-leum migration and accumulation[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2008,29(2):133-137.
[12]李明诚,李剑.“动力圈闭”——低渗透致密储层中油气充注成藏的主要作用[J].石油学报,2010,31(5):718-731.LI Mingcheng,LI Jian."Dynamic trap":a main action of hydrocar-bon charging to form accumulations in low permeability-tight reser-voir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(5):718-731.
[13]吕成远,王建,孙志刚.低渗透砂岩油藏渗流启动压力梯度实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):86-89.LV Chengyuan,WANG Jian,SUN Zhigang.An experimental studyon starting pressure gradient of fluids flow in low permeabilitysandstone porous media[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2002,29(2):86-89.
[14]包友书,蒋有录,张林晔,等.饱和压力法确定成藏期问题探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):379-384.BAO Youshu,JIANG Youlu,ZHANG Linye,et al.Conditions forthe saturation pressure method in identifying oil accumulation peri-ods[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(3):379-384.
[15]万志峰,夏斌,蔡周荣,等.南海北部油气成藏区带的划分与勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2010,30(8):4-8.WAN Zhifeng,XIA Bin,CAI Zhourong,et al.Plays division and ex-ploration potentials in the northern South China Sea[J].NaturalGas Industry,2010,30(8):4-8.