基于动态网络方法的产业专利合作态势研究——以中国石墨烯产业为例
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摘要
专利合作是整合产学研创新资源、提升产业创新能力的必然选择。基于动态网络分析方法,以中国石墨烯产业为例,研究其专利合作网络特征及演化态势。结果表明,石墨烯作为发展潜力巨大的新兴产业,其产业专利合作网络整体呈现碎片化,具体表现为区域合作创新水平不均衡、技术合作能力分布不均衡和创新资源分布不均衡等态势。最后,提出相关对策建议,可为我国各级政府产业政策制定和科技创新规划提供方法支撑与思路借鉴。
Patent cooperation is an inevitable choice of integrating innovation resources and promoting industrial innovation ability.Based on dynamic network analysis method,this paper makes research on the characteristics and evolution state of patent cooperation network by taking the Chinese graphene industry for an example.The results show that graphene industry is a great potential emerging industrial field,the whole network shows a fragmentation trend,which indicates there are disequilibrium of the level of regional cooperation innovation,the distribution of technology cooperation capability and the distribution of innovation resources.At last,some tactics are proposed according to the results.This study aims at providing method support and decision reference for governments' industry policy making and science and technology planning.
Patent cooperation is an inevitable choice of integrating innovation resources and promoting industrial innovation ability.Based on dynamic network analysis method,this paper makes research on the characteristics and evolution state of patent cooperation network by taking the Chinese graphene industry for an example.The results show that graphene industry is a great potential emerging industrial field,the whole network shows a fragmentation trend,which indicates there are disequilibrium of the level of regional cooperation innovation,the distribution of technology cooperation capability and the distribution of innovation resources.At last,some tactics are proposed according to the results.This study aims at providing method support and decision reference for governments' industry policy making and science and technology planning.
引文
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[25]WANG C,RODAN S,FRUIN M.Knowledge networks,collaboration networks and exploratory innovation[J].Academy of Management Journal,2014,57(2):484-514.
[26]LEYDESDORFF L,ALKEMADE F,HEIMERIKS G,et al.Patents as instruments for exploring innovation dynamics:geographic and technological perspectives on"photovoltaic cells'[J].Scientometrics,2015,102(1):629-651.
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[2]GUAN J C,LIU N.Exploitative and exploratory innovations in knowledge network and collaboration network:patent analysis in the technological field of nano-energy[J].Research Policy,2016,45(1):97-112.
[3]张珩,朱英明,杨连盛.江苏校企专利合作网络演化研究[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(21):50-57.
[4]王健,张韵君.高校产学专利合作率的共性与差异分析——基于理工大学的合作专利数据[J].研究与发展管理,2016,28(2):122-128.
[5]向希尧,裴云龙.跨国专利合作网络中技术接近性的调节作用研究[J].管理科学,2015,28(1):111-121.
[6]刘凤朝,马荣康,姜楠.基于“985高校”的产学研专利合作网络演化路径研究[J].中国软科学,2011(7):178-192.
[7]占侃,孙俊华.江苏高校校企合作研究:基于社会网络分析的视角[J].科研管理,2016,37(10):146-152.
[8]周晔,潘美娟,周源,等.社会网络分析在专利知识网络中的应用[J].科技进步与对策,2015,32(18):38-144.
[9]GUAN J C,ZHANG J J,YAN Y.The impact of multilevel networks on innovation[J].Research Policy,2015,44(3):545-559.
[10]SUN Y T.The structure and dynamics of intra-and interregional research collaborative networks:the case of China(1985-2008)[J].Technological Forecasting&Social Change,2016,108(4):70-82.
[11]JEE S J,SOHN S Y.Patent network based conjoint analysis for wearable device[J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2015,101(9):338-346.
[12]刘芳芳,冯锋.产学研跨区域合作现状及特征研究——基于社会网络视角[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015,36(8):83-92.
[13]刘彤,郭鲁钢,杨冠灿.基于动态网络分析的专利合作网络演化分析——以纳米技术为例[J].情报杂志,2014,33(11):88-93,66.
[14]马涛,郭进利.基于加权超图的区域校企合作申请专利超网络模型——以浙江ICT产业为例[J].技术经济,2016,35(12):76-104.
[15]张昕,姜马.基于专利技术共现网络的产业共性技术遴选研究——以我国生物产业为例[J].中国科技论坛,2015(1):73-77.
[16]PHAM C H,FAYE R.Current trends in patenting grapheme and graphene-based inventions[J].Nanotechnology Law and Business,2011,8(1):10-17.
[17]党蓓,赵蕴华,赵志耘,等.基于专利的官产学合作关系测度研究——以中韩石墨烯领域为例[J].情报杂志,2015,34(10):52-58,33.
[18]李登杰,翟东升,冯秀珍,等.基于动态网络的石墨烯专利技术分析[J].情报杂志,2014,33(5):66-70.
[19]陈长益,吴华珠.我国石墨烯领域专利信息可视化分析[J].现代情报,2014,34(3):120-124.
[20]KLINCEWICZ K.The emergent dynamics of a technological research topic:the case of grapheme[J].Scientometrics,2016,106(1):319-345.
[21]LV P H,WANG G F,WAN Y,et,al.Bibliometric trend analysis on global graphene research[J].Scientometrics,2011,88(2):399-419.
[22]王国华,周旭峰,汪伟,等.2017石墨烯技术专利分析报告[R].中国石墨烯产业技术创新战略联盟,2017.
[23]CARLEY K M,PFEFFER J.ORA user's guide 2013[R].Carnegie Mellon University,School of Computer Science,Institute for Software Research,Technical Report.
[24]BREIGER R,CARLEY K M,PATTISON P.Dynamic social network modeling and analysis:workshop summary and papers[M].Washington DC,National Academy Press,2003:133-145.
[25]WANG C,RODAN S,FRUIN M.Knowledge networks,collaboration networks and exploratory innovation[J].Academy of Management Journal,2014,57(2):484-514.
[26]LEYDESDORFF L,ALKEMADE F,HEIMERIKS G,et al.Patents as instruments for exploring innovation dynamics:geographic and technological perspectives on"photovoltaic cells'[J].Scientometrics,2015,102(1):629-651.
[27]诺伊,姆尔瓦,巴塔盖尔吉.蜘蛛:社会网络分析技术[M].林枫,译.北京:世界图书出版公司,2012.