肠道菌群变化对肠道免疫的影响及与小儿迁延性、慢性腹泻的关系
摘要
<正>小儿迁延性、慢性腹泻病是小儿消化系统常见病,其病因复杂,包括各种慢性感染、过敏、免疫缺陷、炎症性肠病、营养吸收不良、结构缺陷等~([1]),且其治疗困难,易造成营养不良、生长发育障碍等严重并发症,甚至引起死亡。目前越来越多的研究证实,小儿迁延性和慢性腹泻病与菌群失调关系密切,两者互为因果,通过使用不同微生态制剂治疗可取得良好的治疗效果~([2-3])。多项研究表明,肠道微生物能够调节人体肠道免疫系统的形成及成熟,有助于抵抗病原菌的入侵,且能够帮助消化,提供营养。
引文
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[2]Sindhu KN,Sowmyanarayanan TV,Paul A,et al.Immune response and intestinaI permeahilily in children with acute gastroenteritis treated with lactohacillus rhamnosus GG:A randomized.Double-Blind,Placeho-Controlled trial[J].Clin Infect Dis,2014,58(8):1107-1115.
[3]Feizizadeh S,Salehi-Abargouei A,Akhari V.Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii for acute diarrhea[J].Pediatrics,2014,134(1):e176-e191.
[4]Sender R,Fuchs S,Milo,R.Are we really vastly outnumbered?Revisiting the ratio of bacterial to host cells in humans[J].Cell,2016,164(3):337-340.
[5]Xu D,Gao J,Gillilland M,et al.Rifaximin alters intestinal bacteria and prevents stress-induced gut inflammation and visceral hyperalgesia in rats[J].Gastroenterology,2014,146(2):484-496.
[6]Jandhyala SM,Talukdar R,Subramanyam C,et al.Role of the normal gut microbiota[J].World J Gastroenterol,2015,21(29):8787-8803.
[7]Lopetuso LR,Petito V,Scaldaferri F,etal.Gut Microbiota Modulation and Mucosal Immunity:Focus on Rifaximin[J].MiniRev Med Chem,2016,16(3),179-185。
[8]汪欢,侯晓华.肠黏膜屏障、肠道菌群与肠道稳态[J].临床消化病杂志,2014,26(3):135-136.
[9]Li M,Wang M,Donovan SM.Early development of the gut microbiome and immune-mediated childhood disorders[J].Semin Reprod Med,2014,32(1):74-86.
[10]Barclay AR,Stenson B,Simpson JH,et al.Pathogenesis implication for necrotizing enteroco1itis prevention in preterm very-low-birthweight infants[J].J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr,2007,45(5):569-576.
[11]Planer JD,Peng Y,Kau AL,et a I.Development of the gut microbiota and mucosal Ig A responses in twins and gnotobiotic mice[J].Nature,2016,534(7606):263-266.
[12]Brucklacher-Waldert V,Carr EJ,Linterman MA,etal.Cellular plasticity of CD4+T cells in the intestine[J].Front Immunol,2014,7(5):488.
[13]Moreira LO,Zamboni DS.NOD1 and NOD2 Signaling in Infection and Inflammation[J].Front Immunol,2012,3(328):1-12.
[14]Koh,Ara,De Vadder F,Kovatcheva-Datchary P,etal.From Dietary Fiber to Host Physiology:Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Bacterial Metabolites[J].Cell,2016,165(6):1332-1345.
[15]Vanaja SK,Russo A,Behl B,et al.Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Mediate Cytosolic Localization of LPS and Caspase-11 Activation[J].Cell,2016,165(5):1106-119.
[16]陈毅秋,石春卫,姜延龙,等.肠道菌群与B细胞发育的西湖调节作用[J].中国免疫学杂志.2017,33(1):140-143.
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[18]Kubinak JL,Petersen C,Stephens WZ,et al.My D88 signaling in T cells directs Ig A-mediated control of the microbioia to promote health[J]Cell Host Microbe,2015,17(2):153-163.
[19]Salerno-Goncalves R,Safavie F,Fasano A,etal.Free and complexed-secretory immunoglobulin A triggers distinct intestinal epithelial cell responses[J].Clin Exp Immunol,2016,185(3):338-347.
[20]Pabst O,Cerovic V,Hornef M.Secretory Ig A in the coordination of establishment and maintenance of the microbiota[J].Trends Immunol.2016,37(5):287-296.
[21]贺丽蓉,邵晓珊.Th17、Treg及足细胞损伤与原发性肾小球疾病研究进展[J].国际儿科学杂志,2016,43(1):66-69.
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[23]Dong C.TH17 cells in development:an updated view of their molecular identity and genetic programming[J].Nat Rev Immunol.2008,8(5):337-348.
[24]Collison LW,Chaturvedi V,Henserson AL,etal.A IL-35-mediated protent induction of a potent regulatory T cell population[J].Nature Immunology,2010,11(12):1093-1101.
[25]Barnes KJ,Powrie F,Regulatory T cells reinforce intstinal homeostasis[J].Immunity,2009,31(3):401-411.
[26]Shevach EM.Mechanisms of foxp3+T regulatory cell-mediated suppression[J].Immunity,2009,30(5):636-645.
[27]Atarashi K,Tanoue T,Ando M,et al.Th17 Cell Induction by Adhesion of Microbes to Intestinal Epithelial Cells[J].Cell,2015,163(2):367-380.
[28]Sano T,Huang W,Hall JA,et al.An IL-23R/IL-22 Circuit Regulates Epithelial Serum Amyloid A to Promote Local Effbctor Thl7 Responses[J].Cell,2015,163(2):38l-393.
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