地铁车辆直线电机悬挂装置垂向刚度优化研究
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摘要
直线电机地铁车辆电机处于弹性悬挂系统中,承受轮对的冲击和电机电磁力的作用。基于某直线电机车辆,建立了多刚体动力学模型。考虑电机电磁力作用,采用Simpack与Simulink联合仿真的方法,从直线电机气隙、车辆动力学性能和电机振动的角度研究分析了悬挂装置不同垂向刚度的影响。研究结果表明:直线电机悬挂装置垂向刚度对车辆曲线通过安全性和运行平稳性都会有影响,增大垂向刚度可以减小轮轨垂向力和垂向平稳性指标,横向平稳性指标会略有提升;小垂向刚度时气隙变化较大,增大垂向刚度可以在一定程度上减小气隙的变化和电机的振动,大垂向刚度会使电机的高频振动成分增加。综合考虑,建议电机悬挂装置中电机悬挂梁支撑节点垂向刚度范围为24～60 MN/m、吊杆节点垂向刚度范围为192～480 MN/m。
The motor of linear motor vehicle is in the elastic suspension system, which bears the impact of wheelset and electromagnetic force. Based on a linear motor vehicle, a multi-rigid-body dynamic model was established. Considering the electromagnetic force of the motor, Simpack and Simulink were used to simulate the effect of different vertical stiffness of the suspension device from the aspects of air gap of the linear motor, vehicle dynamic performance and motor vibration. The results show that the vertical stiffness of the suspension device of linear motor has an effect on the safety of vehicle curve passing and running smoothness. Increasing the vertical stiffness can reduce the vertical force of wheel and rail and the vertical smoothness index, while the lateral smoothness index will slightly increase. The air gap changes greatly when the vertical stiffness is small, and increasing the vertical stiffness can reduce the air gap change and the motor vibration, however, large vertical stiffness will increase the highfrequency vibration components of the motor. Considering comprehensively, it is suggested that the vertical stiffness of the support joints of the motor suspension beam in the motor suspension device should range from 24 MN/m to 60 MN/m and the vertical stiffness of derrick joints should range from 192 MN/m to 480 MN/m.
The motor of linear motor vehicle is in the elastic suspension system, which bears the impact of wheelset and electromagnetic force. Based on a linear motor vehicle, a multi-rigid-body dynamic model was established. Considering the electromagnetic force of the motor, Simpack and Simulink were used to simulate the effect of different vertical stiffness of the suspension device from the aspects of air gap of the linear motor, vehicle dynamic performance and motor vibration. The results show that the vertical stiffness of the suspension device of linear motor has an effect on the safety of vehicle curve passing and running smoothness. Increasing the vertical stiffness can reduce the vertical force of wheel and rail and the vertical smoothness index, while the lateral smoothness index will slightly increase. The air gap changes greatly when the vertical stiffness is small, and increasing the vertical stiffness can reduce the air gap change and the motor vibration, however, large vertical stiffness will increase the highfrequency vibration components of the motor. Considering comprehensively, it is suggested that the vertical stiffness of the support joints of the motor suspension beam in the motor suspension device should range from 24 MN/m to 60 MN/m and the vertical stiffness of derrick joints should range from 192 MN/m to 480 MN/m.
引文
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[2]宗凌潇,马卫华,罗世辉.直线电机地铁车辆电机的隔振优化分析[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(18):119-125.
[3]罗仁,邬平波,刘彬彬.地铁车辆直线电机恒隙控制仿真[J].交通运输工程学报,2010,10(4):50-57.
[4]刘韦,马卫华,罗世辉,等.直线电机地铁车辆悬挂的振动研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2014,34(1):128-131.
[5]魏庆朝,邓亚士,冯雅薇.电机悬挂方式对LIM地铁系统动力特性的影响研究[J].铁道工程学报,2007(11):59-64.
[6]赵锐.广州地铁5号线车辆直线电机沉降分析及改进[J].铁道车辆,2016,54(4):42-44.
[7]KIM D K,KWON B.A novel equivalent circuit model of linear induction motor based on finite element analysis and its coupling with external circuits[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2006,42(10):3407-3409.
[8]刘高坤.电磁力对直线电机地铁车辆动力学性能的影响[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.
[9]王晨,罗世辉,马卫华,等.直线电机悬挂结构的振动特性分析[J].铁道机车车辆,2013,33(4):66-70.
[10]夏景辉.直线电机轮轨交通气隙及轨道平顺性对系统动力响应影响研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2011.
[11]熊嘉阳.直线电机地铁车辆-板式轨道耦合系统动力响应研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.
[12]龙许友,魏庆朝,冯雅薇,等.轨道不平顺激励下直线电机车辆/轨道动力响应[J].交通运输工程学报,2008,8(2):9-13.