载荷因素对橡胶减震器动静态性能影响的研究
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摘要
对动车组橡胶地板减震器进行了不同加载条件的疲劳试验,并将疲劳破坏后的试样切片进行电镜扫描,从性能变化和微观形态两方面分析其动静态性能变化。结果表明,随着频率以及预位移和振幅的增大,减震器静刚度、动刚度、储能模量、损耗模量以及阻尼系数等指标均有很大程度地降低,且降幅随载荷增幅的增大而增大,其中频率的影响最为显著;从电镜扫描结果看出,破坏后的试样裂纹处的橡胶材料由颗粒状转变为粘流状,并且有柱状物析出。
The fatigue tests of high-speed train rubber floor shock absorbers under different loading conditions were carried out and the tested specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscope,and the changes of dynamic and static performance were investigated from the aspects of performance change and microcosmic morphology. The results showed that the static stiffness,dynamic stiffness,storage modulus,loss modulus and damping coefficient were all greatly reduced with the increase of frequency,pre-displacement and amplitude. The larger the increase of the load,the faster the decrease of the above parameters,and the effect of frequency was the most significant. From scanning electron microscopy it was seen that the rubber material at the crack of the cracked sample was changed from granular structure to viscous matter,and columnar material was precipitated out.
The fatigue tests of high-speed train rubber floor shock absorbers under different loading conditions were carried out and the tested specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscope,and the changes of dynamic and static performance were investigated from the aspects of performance change and microcosmic morphology. The results showed that the static stiffness,dynamic stiffness,storage modulus,loss modulus and damping coefficient were all greatly reduced with the increase of frequency,pre-displacement and amplitude. The larger the increase of the load,the faster the decrease of the above parameters,and the effect of frequency was the most significant. From scanning electron microscopy it was seen that the rubber material at the crack of the cracked sample was changed from granular structure to viscous matter,and columnar material was precipitated out.
引文
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[2]陶桂东,吕文俊,曾宪奎,等.基于WLF方程的橡胶减振器老化寿命预测[J].橡塑技术与装备,2017,43(3):67-70.
[3]Zarrin-Ghalami T,Fatemi A.Material Deformation and Fatigue Behavior Characterization for Elastomeric Component Life Predictions[J].Polym.Eng.Sci.,2012,52:1795-1805.
[4]曾宪奎,张杰,黄年昌,等.工作环境因素对橡胶减震器振动传递率的影响[J].橡胶工业,2018,65(4):445-447.
[5]韩广文.橡胶减振器动静态性能及寿命预测研究[D].青岛:青岛科技大学,2016.
[6]贺春江,杨其全,陈传志,等.测试条件对微孔橡胶垫板动刚度及动静比的影响[J].合成橡胶工业,2006,29(3):194-196.
[7]柳东海,郑威,姜健,等.白炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料在疲劳过程中的微观结构与性能演变[J].橡胶工业,2017,64(8):453-457.