勃姆石阻燃和增强聚碳酸亚丙酯复合材料的制备和表征
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摘要
采用勃姆石(BM)对聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)进行了阻燃和增强改性,利用熔融共混的方法制备了PPC/BM复合材料,并研究了BM用量对PPC/BM复合材料的力学性能、表面形貌、阻燃性能和热稳定性的影响。结果表明:BM显著改善了PPC材料拉伸强度和弯曲强度,但是,PPC/BM复合材料的断裂伸长率随着BM用量的增加而逐渐下降,韧性有所降低。SEM观察结果表明:BM用量较少时能够在PPC基体中均匀分散,且具有良好的界面相容性,但是BM用量较多时会出现团聚,表面逐渐变得粗糙。阻燃测试结果表明:BM对PPC具有良好的阻燃效果,随着BM用量的增加,PPC/BM复合材料的极限氧指数(LOI)逐渐增加,点燃后的燃烧时间逐渐变短,UL 94等级提高到了V-0。TG测试结果表明:BM的加入提高了PPC的成炭性能和热分解温度,热稳定性有所提升。综上所述,BM的加入显著提高了PPC的力学性能和阻燃性能,具有广阔的应用前景。
The flame retardancy and enhanced modification of PPC were carried out by BM. The PPC/BM composites were prepared by melt blending, and the effects of the amount of BM on the mechanical properties, surface morphology, flame retardancy and thermal stability of PPC/BM composites were studied. The results show that BM significantly improves the tensile strength and bending strength of PPC materials. However, the elongation at break of PPC/BM composites decreases with the increase of BM dosage, and the toughness is reduced. The results of SEM show that BM can be dispersed uniformly in the PPC matrix and has good interfacial compatibility, but the aggregation will occur when the amount of BM is used more, and the surface becomes rough. The flame retardant test results show that BM has good flame retardant effect on PPC. With the increase of BM dosage, the LOI of PPC/BM composite increases gradually. The burning time after ignition is gradually shorter, and the UL 94 grade is increased to V-0. TG test results show that the addition of BM improves the charring performance and thermal decomposition temperature of PPC, and also the thermal stability. In summary, the addition of BM significantly improves the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of PPC, and has a high application prospect.
The flame retardancy and enhanced modification of PPC were carried out by BM. The PPC/BM composites were prepared by melt blending, and the effects of the amount of BM on the mechanical properties, surface morphology, flame retardancy and thermal stability of PPC/BM composites were studied. The results show that BM significantly improves the tensile strength and bending strength of PPC materials. However, the elongation at break of PPC/BM composites decreases with the increase of BM dosage, and the toughness is reduced. The results of SEM show that BM can be dispersed uniformly in the PPC matrix and has good interfacial compatibility, but the aggregation will occur when the amount of BM is used more, and the surface becomes rough. The flame retardant test results show that BM has good flame retardant effect on PPC. With the increase of BM dosage, the LOI of PPC/BM composite increases gradually. The burning time after ignition is gradually shorter, and the UL 94 grade is increased to V-0. TG test results show that the addition of BM improves the charring performance and thermal decomposition temperature of PPC, and also the thermal stability. In summary, the addition of BM significantly improves the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of PPC, and has a high application prospect.
引文
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[3]王力.美研发出废橡塑转化高聚物新技术[J].塑料科技,2009,37(11):47.
[4]P D Warwick,L F Ruppert.Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of coal and carbon dioxide derived from laboratory coal combustion:A preliminary study[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2016,166:128-135.
[5]Inoue S.Copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxide[M].Springer Netherlands,1987:331-337.
[6]Zeng S,Wang S,Xiao M,et al.Preparation and properties of biodegradable blend containing poly(propylene carbonate)and starch acetate with different degrees of substitution[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2011,86(3):1 260-1 265.
[7]余剑英,南文焕,万春杰,等.聚碳酸亚丙酯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,2007(S1):314-315.
[8]Chen F,Liu H,Zhao Y,et al.Caulis spatholobi residue fiber reinforced biodegradable poly(propylene carbonate)composites:The effect of fiber content on mechanical and morphological properties[J].Polymer Composites,2014,35(2):208-216.
[9]杨钦,潘莉莎,徐鼐,等.生物降解聚碳酸亚丙酯基非织造布的制备与性能[J].塑料,2018,47(1):64-68,71.
[10]桑练勇,晏华,代军,等.聚碳酸亚丙酯/聚乳酸共混物性能研究进展[J].中国塑料,2018,32(1):7-14.
[11]张敬勋.聚碳酸亚丙酯在膜制品中的应用研究[D].青岛:青岛科技大学,2017.
[12]张家鹏.聚碳酸亚丙酯的改性及其在包装领域中的应用性能研究[D].大连:大连工业大学,2016.
[13]Tao Y,Wang X,Zhao X,et al.Crosslinkable poly(propylene carbonate):High-yield synthesis and performance improvement[J].Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry,2006,44(18):5 329-5 336.
[14]姜黎,钟苗苗,石璞.蒙脱土增强聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)复合材料的性能[J].塑料,2016,45(6):38-41.
[15]边俊甲,韩常玉,韩立晶,等.聚丙撑碳酸酯/淀粉阻燃发泡材料性能研究[J].塑料科技,2018,46(1):65-69.
[16]王娜,赵莹,朱明,等.勃姆石阻燃改性PP复合材料的制备及其性能研究[J].塑料科技,2017,45(11):36-40.
[17]罗观晃.勃姆石/尼龙66复合材料及勃姆石协同阻燃机理研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2016.
[18]Zhang J,Ji Q,Zhang P,et al.Thermal stability and flameretardancy mechanism of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/boehmite nanocomposites[J].Polymer Degradation&Stability,2010,95(7):1 211-1 218.