超压对三肇凹陷扶余油层致密油藏油气运聚的控制作用
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摘要
为了定量揭示超压对三肇凹陷源下扶余油层致密油藏油气运聚的控制程度,根据源储位置关系、流体下排通道、流体排放机制等方面的差异,将超压驱动油气下排方式分为3种类型,其中超压通过断裂进行的幕式下排是油气大规模长距离穿层下排的主要形式。根据油气在断裂中向下运移的受力分析,建立超压驱动油气下排最大距离的计算公式。结合超压、排替压力以及最小启动压力梯度,建立超压驱动油气在致密砂岩储层中运移最远距离的计算公式。计算得出:三肇凹陷大部分地区下排深度都在200 m以上,最大深度可达831 m;在致密砂岩储层中油气运聚距离为200~800 m,运移最远距离为1 010 m。超压的强度决定油气下排深度以及在致密砂岩储层中的聚集规模。在超压驱动下的油气下排方式、下排深度和运聚距离定量研究的基础上,确定超压控制油气运聚的范围并建立致密油藏油气运聚模式。
In order to quantitatively reveal the controlled degree of the overpressure on the petroleum migration and accumulation of Fuyu dense oil reservoirs under the source rocks of Sanzhao Sag,according to the differences in the source rock and reservoir distances,downward expulsion channels the fluids,fluid expulsion mechanism and so on,the overpressure-driven hydrocarbon expulsion modes are divided into the three types,among them,episodic downward expulsion through the faults is the main form of the petroleum downward discharge in large scale and long distance. According to the force analysis of the petroleum downward migration in the faults,the calculating formula is established for the maximum distance of the overpressure-driven downward expulsion petroleum. Integrated with the overpressure,expulsion and displacement pressure and minimum starting pressure gradient,the calculating formulais built for the maximum migration distance of the overpressure-driven petroleum in the dense sandstone reservoirs.The calculation results show that the downward expulsion depths are more than 200 m in most parts of the sag,the maximum depth can reach 831 m; the petroleum migration distance in the is 200- 800 m,the farthest is up to1 010 m. The downward expulsion depth and accumulation scale in the dense sandstone reservoirs are determined by the overpressure intensity. On the bases of the quantitative researches on the downward expulsion forms,depths and migration-accumulation distances,the scope of the overpressure-controlled petroleum migration and accumulation is determined and moreover the migration and accumulation modes in the dense oil reservoirs are established.
In order to quantitatively reveal the controlled degree of the overpressure on the petroleum migration and accumulation of Fuyu dense oil reservoirs under the source rocks of Sanzhao Sag,according to the differences in the source rock and reservoir distances,downward expulsion channels the fluids,fluid expulsion mechanism and so on,the overpressure-driven hydrocarbon expulsion modes are divided into the three types,among them,episodic downward expulsion through the faults is the main form of the petroleum downward discharge in large scale and long distance. According to the force analysis of the petroleum downward migration in the faults,the calculating formula is established for the maximum distance of the overpressure-driven downward expulsion petroleum. Integrated with the overpressure,expulsion and displacement pressure and minimum starting pressure gradient,the calculating formulais built for the maximum migration distance of the overpressure-driven petroleum in the dense sandstone reservoirs.The calculation results show that the downward expulsion depths are more than 200 m in most parts of the sag,the maximum depth can reach 831 m; the petroleum migration distance in the is 200- 800 m,the farthest is up to1 010 m. The downward expulsion depth and accumulation scale in the dense sandstone reservoirs are determined by the overpressure intensity. On the bases of the quantitative researches on the downward expulsion forms,depths and migration-accumulation distances,the scope of the overpressure-controlled petroleum migration and accumulation is determined and moreover the migration and accumulation modes in the dense oil reservoirs are established.
引文
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[2]USGS.Assessment of Undiscovered oil Resources in Devonian-Mississippian Bakken Formation,Williston Basin Province,Montana and North Dakota[R].USGS Fact Sheet,2008.
[3]Bruce J.Bakken Black Gold[N].Leader Poster,2007-12-10(6).
[4]贾承造,郑民,张永峰.中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):121-136.
[5]Mullen J.Petrophysical Characterization of the Eagle Ford Shale in South Texas[R].SPE138145,2010.
[6]邹才能,陶士振,侯莲华,等.非常规油气地质[M].2版.北京:地质出版社,2013.
[7]孙赞东,贾承造,李相方,等.非常规油气勘探与开发(上册)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:1-150.
[8]IEA.World energy outlook 2009[R].Washington D C:IEA,2012
[9]杜金虎,刘合,马德胜,等.试论中国陆相致密油有效开发技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(2):198-205.
[10]林景晔,张革,杨庆杰,等.大庆长垣扶余杨大城子油层勘探潜力分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2003,22(3):16-18.
[11]付晓飞,平贵东,范瑞东,等.三肇凹陷扶杨油层油气“倒灌”运聚成藏规律研究[J].沉积学报,2009,27(3):558-566.
[12]付广,王有功.三肇凹陷青山口组源岩生成油向下“倒灌”运移层位及其研究意义[J].沉积学报,2008,26(2):355-360.
[13]胡望水,吕炳全,张文军,等.松辽盆地构造演化及成盆动力学探讨[J].地质科学,2005,40(1):16-31.
[14]付广,王有功,袁大伟.三肇凹陷扶杨油层源断裂的再认识及其对成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2010,31(5):762-773.
[15]蒙启安,白雪峰,梁江平,等.松辽盆地北部扶余油层致密油特征及勘探对策[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2014,33(5):23-29.
[16]金成志.松辽盆地北部陆相非均质致密油整体勘探开发“2+3”模式[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2014,33(5):9-15.
[17]李明诚.油气与天然气运移[M].3版.北京:石油工业出版社,2004.
[18]郝芳.超压盆地生烃作用动力学与油气成藏机理[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[19]郝芳,邹华耀,姜建群.油气成藏动力学及其研究进展[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):11-21.
[20]邹才能,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.中国油气储层中纳米孔首次发现及其科学价值[J].岩石学报,2011,27(6):1857-1864.
[21]高辉,孙卫,高静乐,等.特低渗透砂岩储层微观孔喉与可动流体变化特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2011,30(2):89-93.
[22]薛永超,田虓丰.鄂尔多斯盆地长7致密油藏特征[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(3):111-115.
[23]林景晔,许利群,杨辉.油气聚集成藏的物理学原理:毛—浮方程式[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(1):22-25.