2016年云南省普洱市常规免疫接种率监测结果评价分析
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摘要
目的了解云南省普洱市2016年常规免疫接种率监测工作情况,评价分析其常规免疫接种率水平、接种率质量并分析原因。方法选取普洱市2016年EPI报告卡介苗(BCG)、乙肝疫苗(Hep B)、脊灰疫苗(OPV)、百白破疫苗(DPT)和A群流脑疫苗(MPV-A)常规免疫接种数据,采用估算接种率、D值法、R值法、脱漏率等方法对报告接种率的可靠性进行评价分析。结果普洱市2016年常规免疫接种率监测报告县、乡两级报告率都为100%;普洱市10县(区)BCG、Hep B、OPV、DPT和MPV-A疫苗报告接种率在97.07%～100.00%之间,估算接种率在52.68%～175.60%之间。D值评价,全市BCG为可信,OPV为可疑,Hep B、DPT和MPV-A为不可信。R值评价,全市3BCG/Hep B、3BCG/OPV、3BCG/DPT均为可疑。脱漏率评价,全市DPT、Hep B和OPV脱漏率都大于或接近10%。结论普洱市常规免疫接种率保持在较高水平,R值评价、D值评价及脱漏率评价都提示可能存在接种率虚高与接种不完整的问题。
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the monitoring of routine immunization rate in Pu'er, Yunnan province in 2016, and to evaluate and analyze the level, quality and causes of routine immunization coverage. Methods the routine immunization data of Bacille Calmette-Guerin(BCG), hepatitis B vaccine(HepB), polio vaccine(OPV) poliomyelitis vaccine(DPT) and group A meningitis vaccine(MPV-A) were reported by EPI in Pu'er city in 2016. The reliability of the reported coverage rate was evaluated and analyzed by the methods of leak removal rate and so on. Results The reported rates of routine immunization coverage in Pu'er city in 2016 were 100, and the reported rates of BCG, HepB, OPV, DPT and MPV-A vaccine in 10 counties(districts) of Pu'er city were between 97.07% and 100%, and the estimated vaccination rates were between 52.68% and 175.6%. The BCG in the whole city was dubious. The evaluation of DPT and MPV-A were not credible. The 3 BCG/Hep, 3 BCG/OPV and 3 BCG/DPT were all suspicious. The leakage rate of DPT, HepB and OPV were higher than or close to 10%. Conclusion The routine immunization coverage rate in Pu'er was kept at a high level. The evaluation of D value, R value and the evaluation of leakage rate indicated that there might be some problems of false high coverage rate and incomplete inoculation.
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the monitoring of routine immunization rate in Pu'er, Yunnan province in 2016, and to evaluate and analyze the level, quality and causes of routine immunization coverage. Methods the routine immunization data of Bacille Calmette-Guerin(BCG), hepatitis B vaccine(HepB), polio vaccine(OPV) poliomyelitis vaccine(DPT) and group A meningitis vaccine(MPV-A) were reported by EPI in Pu'er city in 2016. The reliability of the reported coverage rate was evaluated and analyzed by the methods of leak removal rate and so on. Results The reported rates of routine immunization coverage in Pu'er city in 2016 were 100, and the reported rates of BCG, HepB, OPV, DPT and MPV-A vaccine in 10 counties(districts) of Pu'er city were between 97.07% and 100%, and the estimated vaccination rates were between 52.68% and 175.6%. The BCG in the whole city was dubious. The evaluation of DPT and MPV-A were not credible. The 3 BCG/Hep, 3 BCG/OPV and 3 BCG/DPT were all suspicious. The leakage rate of DPT, HepB and OPV were higher than or close to 10%. Conclusion The routine immunization coverage rate in Pu'er was kept at a high level. The evaluation of D value, R value and the evaluation of leakage rate indicated that there might be some problems of false high coverage rate and incomplete inoculation.
引文
[1]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心.扩大国家免疫规划相关监测信息报告工作方案[EB/OL].[2019-01-05].http://nip.chinacdc.cn/jswj/jkzx/201208/t20120817_67583.htm.
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[8]龚琼宇,唐婷婷,张丽芬,等.云南省2015年常规免疫报告接种率分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2017,16(5):603-605, 608.
[9]陈云霞,周启富,周成林.2015年雅安市基于四川省免疫规划信息管理系统的接种率分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2017,33(3):262-266.
[10]刘晓丽,肖丹琼.流动儿童免疫规划疫苗接种及时率影响因素分析[J].中国病案,2018,19(3):97-100.
[11]包丽娟,农金花,覃海英.崇左市边境地区儿童免疫规划疫苗预防接种现况调查[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(5):819-822.
[2]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.预防接种工作规范(2016年版)[EB/OL].[2019-01-05].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2016/12/20161229154650861.doc.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.全国常规免疫接种率监测方案[Z].北京:中华人民共和国卫生部,1998.
[4]崔健,曹雷,郑景山,等.中国2015年国家免疫规划疫苗报告接种率分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2017,23(6):601-607.
[5]邵燕,杜国明,陆明霞,等.江苏省张家港市2011-2016年常规免疫接种率监测结果分析[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(11):1205-1207.
[6]郑红茹,方刚,漆琪,等.2014年四川省免疫规划疫苗报告接种率分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2017,33(1):61-67.
[7]谢群,池益强.2015年厦门市常规免疫接种率的评价及分析[J].职业与健康,2016,32(20):2831-2834.
[8]龚琼宇,唐婷婷,张丽芬,等.云南省2015年常规免疫报告接种率分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2017,16(5):603-605, 608.
[9]陈云霞,周启富,周成林.2015年雅安市基于四川省免疫规划信息管理系统的接种率分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2017,33(3):262-266.
[10]刘晓丽,肖丹琼.流动儿童免疫规划疫苗接种及时率影响因素分析[J].中国病案,2018,19(3):97-100.
[11]包丽娟,农金花,覃海英.崇左市边境地区儿童免疫规划疫苗预防接种现况调查[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(5):819-822.