RxNorm、WHODrug、SNOMED CT三大药物术语集简介及比较研究
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摘要
目的:为我国药物术语集的构建提供参考。方法:介绍并对比临床药品标准命名术语表(RxNorm)、世界卫生组织药物词典(WHODrug)和医学系统命名法-临床术语(SNOMED CT)等3个药物术语集的命名规则、术语类型、分类体系等信息,并为我国药物术语集的构建给出相关建议。结果与结论:由于不同的术语集面向的需求和具体的应用场景不同,三大药物术语集各有特色。RxNorm主要服务于电子健康档案,其药物术语包含了药物的商品名信息;WHODrug主要服务于不良反应报告,其药物代码携带了结构化的药物信息数据,且采用了系统的分类体系解剖-治疗-化学分类系统(ATC);SNOMED CT则为了促进药物概念的国际互操作性,没有商品名信息,且分类目的是为了定义药物。我国药物术语集的构建可在借鉴国外先进药物术语集的设计与实践经验的基础上,鼓励医院或医药企业公开和共享数据,并尝试构建化学药和中成药兼容的药品模型,以适应我国药品的特殊性以及国际交流的需要。
OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the construction of medicine terminologysets in China.METHODS:By introducing and comparing naming rules,terminology type and classfication system of RxNorm,WHODrug and SNOMED CT,the relevant suggestions on the construction of medicine terminology sets in China were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Due to the different demanding objects and specific application scenarios of different terminology sets, the three medicines terminology sets had their own characteristics.RxNorm mainly served electronic health records and medical insurance,and its medicine terminology contained the trade name information of the medicine. WHODrug mainly served ADR reports,and its structured medicine information data carried by the Drug Code,and the set adopted the system classification system-ATC. In order to promote the international interoperability of medicines concepts,SNOMED CT did not contained the trade name,and the purpose of classification was to define drugs. It is suggested that the construction of China's medicine terminology sets should be based on the design and practical experience of foreign advanced drug terminology,encourage hospitals or pharmaceutical companies to disclose and share data,and try to build a drug model compatible with chemical drugs and proprietary Chinese medicines to adapt to the special nature of Chinese medicines and the needs of international communication.
OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the construction of medicine terminologysets in China.METHODS:By introducing and comparing naming rules,terminology type and classfication system of RxNorm,WHODrug and SNOMED CT,the relevant suggestions on the construction of medicine terminology sets in China were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Due to the different demanding objects and specific application scenarios of different terminology sets, the three medicines terminology sets had their own characteristics.RxNorm mainly served electronic health records and medical insurance,and its medicine terminology contained the trade name information of the medicine. WHODrug mainly served ADR reports,and its structured medicine information data carried by the Drug Code,and the set adopted the system classification system-ATC. In order to promote the international interoperability of medicines concepts,SNOMED CT did not contained the trade name,and the purpose of classification was to define drugs. It is suggested that the construction of China's medicine terminology sets should be based on the design and practical experience of foreign advanced drug terminology,encourage hospitals or pharmaceutical companies to disclose and share data,and try to build a drug model compatible with chemical drugs and proprietary Chinese medicines to adapt to the special nature of Chinese medicines and the needs of international communication.
引文
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[2]WANG L,ZHANG Y,JIANG M,et al.Toward a normalized clinical drug knowledge base in China-applying the RxNorm model to Chinese clinical drugs[J].J Am Med Inform Assoc,2018,25(7):809-818.
[3]U.S.National Library of Medicine.RxNorm project history[EB/OL].(2018-08-04)[2018-08-26].https://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/rxnorm/history.html.
[4]陈颖,李芳.RxNorm词表组织方式及其应用研究[J].医学信息学杂志,2013,34(9):55-60.
[5]U.S.National Library of Medicine.RxNorm overview[EB/OL].(2018-08-04)[2018-08-22].https://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/rxnorm/overview.html.
[6]侯丽,李芳.RxNorm的词表结构及应用领域[J].中华医学图书情报杂志,2013,22(8):1-5.
[7]UMC.WHO drug global[EB/OL].(2018-01-16)[2018-08-22].https://www.who-umc.org/whodrug/whodrug-portfolio/whodrugglobal/.
[8]WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment 2018[EB/OL].(2018-01-30)[2018-08-22].http://www.whocc.no.
[9]WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.ATC Structure and principles[EB/OL].(2018-02-15)[2018-08-22].https://www.whocc.no/atc/structure_and_principles/.
[10]WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.Use of ATC/DDD[EB/OL].(2018-02-15)[2018-08-22].https://www.whocc.no/use_of_atc_ddd/.
[11]UMC.WHODrug B-3 and C-3 formats[EB/OL].(2018-08-16)[2018-08-22].https://www.who-umc.org/whodrug/b3c3-formats-upversioning/b3c3-documents/.
[12]周静雯,苏雅茹.世界卫生组织药物词典及其应用[J].药物流行病学杂志,2011,20(9):478-483.
[13]SNOMED CT International.SNOMED CT[EB/OL].(2018-07-26)[2018-08-27].https://www.snomed.org/snomed-ct.
[2]WANG L,ZHANG Y,JIANG M,et al.Toward a normalized clinical drug knowledge base in China-applying the RxNorm model to Chinese clinical drugs[J].J Am Med Inform Assoc,2018,25(7):809-818.
[3]U.S.National Library of Medicine.RxNorm project history[EB/OL].(2018-08-04)[2018-08-26].https://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/rxnorm/history.html.
[4]陈颖,李芳.RxNorm词表组织方式及其应用研究[J].医学信息学杂志,2013,34(9):55-60.
[5]U.S.National Library of Medicine.RxNorm overview[EB/OL].(2018-08-04)[2018-08-22].https://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/rxnorm/overview.html.
[6]侯丽,李芳.RxNorm的词表结构及应用领域[J].中华医学图书情报杂志,2013,22(8):1-5.
[7]UMC.WHO drug global[EB/OL].(2018-01-16)[2018-08-22].https://www.who-umc.org/whodrug/whodrug-portfolio/whodrugglobal/.
[8]WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment 2018[EB/OL].(2018-01-30)[2018-08-22].http://www.whocc.no.
[9]WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.ATC Structure and principles[EB/OL].(2018-02-15)[2018-08-22].https://www.whocc.no/atc/structure_and_principles/.
[10]WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.Use of ATC/DDD[EB/OL].(2018-02-15)[2018-08-22].https://www.whocc.no/use_of_atc_ddd/.
[11]UMC.WHODrug B-3 and C-3 formats[EB/OL].(2018-08-16)[2018-08-22].https://www.who-umc.org/whodrug/b3c3-formats-upversioning/b3c3-documents/.
[12]周静雯,苏雅茹.世界卫生组织药物词典及其应用[J].药物流行病学杂志,2011,20(9):478-483.
[13]SNOMED CT International.SNOMED CT[EB/OL].(2018-07-26)[2018-08-27].https://www.snomed.org/snomed-ct.