采煤沉陷区包气带土壤水力参数测定及特征分析
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摘要
为研究矿山采煤沉陷中的裂隙对包气带土壤水力参数影响,通过对淮南潘一煤矿沉陷区包气带土壤颗粒组成、水分特征曲线(SWCCs)和非饱和导水率曲线(UHCCs)测试分析,并与非沉陷区进行对比分析讨论。结果表明:处于稳沉阶段的沉陷区,其裂隙对包气带土壤水力参数产生影响表现为沉陷作用降低了包气带SWCCs斜率,且地表深部隐伏裂隙减小了SWCCs中的进气值,导致沉陷区包气带土壤释水能力增大;UHCCs测定分析表明,在相同基质势作用下,沉陷区土壤UHCCs明显低于对照组,由于沉陷产生的裂隙中的水最先被排空,形成不导水的空隙,导致非饱和导水率下降。研究结果为沉陷区水分运移试验研究提供一定理论与指导。
To study the variation of hydraulic parameters of unsaturated zone in the coal mining subsidence cracks region,the soil particle size distribution,soil water characteristic curves(SWCCs)and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves(UHCCs)were measured and analyzed in PanJi coal mining subsidence area in Huainan compared with the no-Subslihen cearea.The results showed that the hydraulic parameters of unsaturated zone chagend continuously in the coal mining subsidence in steady phase,and subsidence fissures had reduced the slope of the SWCCs and the SWCCs air entry value,and then resulted in higher water-holding capacity.Under the same matrix potential,the UHCCs of subsidence area soil significantly is lower than that of the non-subsidence area.This was due to the precedence flow in subsidence fissure,which would produce non-water-conductive fissure zone and resulted in the decrease of moisture content and hydraulic conductivity.All the results above will provide significant basis for experimental studies in water movement process of unsaturated zone in coal mining subsidence region.
To study the variation of hydraulic parameters of unsaturated zone in the coal mining subsidence cracks region,the soil particle size distribution,soil water characteristic curves(SWCCs)and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves(UHCCs)were measured and analyzed in PanJi coal mining subsidence area in Huainan compared with the no-Subslihen cearea.The results showed that the hydraulic parameters of unsaturated zone chagend continuously in the coal mining subsidence in steady phase,and subsidence fissures had reduced the slope of the SWCCs and the SWCCs air entry value,and then resulted in higher water-holding capacity.Under the same matrix potential,the UHCCs of subsidence area soil significantly is lower than that of the non-subsidence area.This was due to the precedence flow in subsidence fissure,which would produce non-water-conductive fissure zone and resulted in the decrease of moisture content and hydraulic conductivity.All the results above will provide significant basis for experimental studies in water movement process of unsaturated zone in coal mining subsidence region.
引文
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[17] Wang Y,Li J H,Zhang L M.Measuring water retention curves for rough joints with random apertures[J].Geotechnical Test,2013,6(36):1-10.
[18]陈东霞,龚晓南.非饱和残积土的土-水特征曲线试验及模拟[J].岩土力学,2014,35(7):1885-1891.
[19] Wijaya M,Leong E C,Rahardjo H.Effect of shrinkage on air-entry value of soils[J].Soils and Foundations,2015,55(1):166-180.
[20] Mohammed Y F,Nahla M S,Entesar J I.Determination of the soil-water characteristic curve of unsaturated bentonite-sand mixtures[J].Environmental Earth Science,2017,76(5):1-12.
[21]林丹,靳孟贵,马斌,等.包气带增厚区土壤水力参数及其对入渗补给的影响[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2014,39(6):760-768.
[22]徐晓敏,吴淑芳康倍铭,等.5种天然土壤改良剂的养分与保水性研究及评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(9):85-89.
[2]裴文明,姚素平,董少春,等.皖北刘桥矿采煤塌陷区生态环境动态监测[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(2):67-72.
[3]张发旺,宋亚新,赵红梅,等.神府—东胜矿区采煤沉陷对包气带结构的影响[J].现代地质,2009,23(1):178-182.
[4]赵红梅,张发旺,宋亚新,等.神府—东胜矿区不同沉陷阶段土壤水分变化特征[J].南水北调与水利科技,2008,6(3):92-96.
[5]李惠娣,杨琦,聂振龙,等.土壤结构变化对包气带土壤水分参数的影响及环境效应[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(6):100-106.
[6]邹慧,毕银丽,金晶晶,等.采煤沉陷对植被土壤容重和水分入渗规律的影响[J].煤炭科技技术,2013,41(3):125-128.
[7]毕银丽,邹慧,彭超,等.采煤沉陷对沙地土壤水分运移的影响[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(增刊2):490-496.
[8]杨科,谢广祥.综放采动裂隙分布及其演化特征分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2009,36(4):1-3.
[9]宋亚新.神府-东胜采煤塌陷区包气带水分运移及生态环境效应研究[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2007.
[10]张磊,秦小光,刘嘉麒,等.淮南采煤沉陷区积水来源的氢氧稳定同位素证据[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2015,45(5):1502-1514.
[11] Leong E C,Rahardjo H.Review of soil-water characteristic curve equations[J].Journal Geotechnical Geo-environmental Engineering,1997,123(12):1106-1117.
[12] Fredlund D G,Xing A.Equations for the soil-water characteristic curve[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1994,31(3):521-532.
[13]栗现文,周金龙,靳孟贵,等.高矿化度土壤水分特征曲线及拟合模型适宜性[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(13):135-141.
[14] Gardner W R.Some steady state solutions of the unsaturated moisture flow equation with application to evaporation from a water table[J].Soil Science,1958,85(4):228-232.
[15] Leong E C,Rahardjo H.Permeability function for unsaturated soils[J].Journal Geotechnical Geo-environmental Engineering,1997,123(12):1118-1126.
[16]查元源,周发超,杨金忠.一种由土壤剖面含水率估算土壤水力参数的方法[J].水利学报,2011,42(8):883-891.
[17] Wang Y,Li J H,Zhang L M.Measuring water retention curves for rough joints with random apertures[J].Geotechnical Test,2013,6(36):1-10.
[18]陈东霞,龚晓南.非饱和残积土的土-水特征曲线试验及模拟[J].岩土力学,2014,35(7):1885-1891.
[19] Wijaya M,Leong E C,Rahardjo H.Effect of shrinkage on air-entry value of soils[J].Soils and Foundations,2015,55(1):166-180.
[20] Mohammed Y F,Nahla M S,Entesar J I.Determination of the soil-water characteristic curve of unsaturated bentonite-sand mixtures[J].Environmental Earth Science,2017,76(5):1-12.
[21]林丹,靳孟贵,马斌,等.包气带增厚区土壤水力参数及其对入渗补给的影响[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2014,39(6):760-768.
[22]徐晓敏,吴淑芳康倍铭,等.5种天然土壤改良剂的养分与保水性研究及评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(9):85-89.