进境车辆消毒剂和防冻液的选择及效果评价研究
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摘要
为了防止口蹄疫、非洲猪瘟、禽流感等重大动物疫病跨越国境传播,对进出境运输工具采取规范的消毒措施,控制传染源,切断传播途径,控制传染病的传播和发生,试验结合黑龙江省地域及气候特点和口岸防疫消毒设备,采用不同浓度的季铵盐类、酚类、醛类三种消毒液,对进境车辆防疫消毒效果进行研究,同时选择无毒、无害、无腐蚀性的防冻剂,用于冬季的防疫消毒工作。结果表明:1%季铵盐类——泰胜消毒剂的消毒效果最佳,消毒前后检测的菌落总数差异极显著;选择乙醇作为防冻液,确定-40~0℃不同温度下防冻剂乙醇浓度的配比。说明结合口岸消毒设备,使用泰胜消毒剂具有良好的防疫和消毒效果,配伍防冻剂可以用于黑龙江冬季高寒地区的防疫消毒工作。
The aim of the present study was to prevent the spread across the border of major animal epidemic diseases,such as foot-and-mouth disease,African swine fever,avian influenza and so on. The exit-entry vehicles should be performed standard disinfection measures in order to control the source of infection,cut off the means of transmission,eliminate and control the spread and occurrence of infectious diseases.According to the regional and climatic characteristics of heilongjiang and the anti-epidemic disinfection equipment,the prevention and disinfection effect of the entry vehicles was identified by using different concentrations of quaternary ammonium salts,phenols and aldehydes. Meantime,disinfection and prevention work in winter should be performed by using avirulent,harmless,non-corrosive antifreeze. The results showed that the disinfection efficacy of the 1% quarter ammonium salt-Taisheng disinfectant was the best compared with the other disinfectants. The total bacterial count between pre-disinfection and post-disinfection was significant different. The ethanol was chosen as an antifreeze. The concentration ratio of the antifreeze ethanol was confirmed under different temperature(-40 ~ 0 ℃). It was indicated that prevention and disinfection effects of the Taisheng disinfectant was better than others according to the present disinfection equipment. The compatible antifreeze could be applied to the disinfection work in the alpine region of Heilongjiang in winter.
The aim of the present study was to prevent the spread across the border of major animal epidemic diseases,such as foot-and-mouth disease,African swine fever,avian influenza and so on. The exit-entry vehicles should be performed standard disinfection measures in order to control the source of infection,cut off the means of transmission,eliminate and control the spread and occurrence of infectious diseases.According to the regional and climatic characteristics of heilongjiang and the anti-epidemic disinfection equipment,the prevention and disinfection effect of the entry vehicles was identified by using different concentrations of quaternary ammonium salts,phenols and aldehydes. Meantime,disinfection and prevention work in winter should be performed by using avirulent,harmless,non-corrosive antifreeze. The results showed that the disinfection efficacy of the 1% quarter ammonium salt-Taisheng disinfectant was the best compared with the other disinfectants. The total bacterial count between pre-disinfection and post-disinfection was significant different. The ethanol was chosen as an antifreeze. The concentration ratio of the antifreeze ethanol was confirmed under different temperature(-40 ~ 0 ℃). It was indicated that prevention and disinfection effects of the Taisheng disinfectant was better than others according to the present disinfection equipment. The compatible antifreeze could be applied to the disinfection work in the alpine region of Heilongjiang in winter.
引文
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[2]胡燕,白继庚,胡先明,等.我国抗生素滥用现状、原因及对策探讨[J].中国社会医学杂志,2013,30(2):128-130.
[3]邵柏,李国鹏,闫秋成,等.口岸消毒处理效果影响因素分析及控制措施研究[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2011(3):188-190.
[4]梁登攀,赵一飞.我国口岸物流信息平台建设存在问题与发展策略[J].工业工程与管理,2006,11(1):115-119.
[5]何黎明.我国口岸物流发展现状与趋势[J].市场周刊:新物流,2006(4):14-16.
[6]赵美丽.国内外化学消毒剂应用的研究进展[J].社会医学杂志,2011,9(9):8-12.
[7]刘继敏,高贵军.消毒剂的应用与发展前景探讨[J].医学动物防制,2014(12):1353-1356.
[8]王小亭,李亚辉,靳静,等.6种常用消毒剂对28株噬菌体杀菌作用影响的研究[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016(6):545-549,561.
[9]包淑芝.中俄贸易关系的现状和前景[J].商业经济,2010(2):71-73.
[10]王斌斌,温黎俊.规模化养殖场消毒剂的正确选择和使用[J].湖北畜牧兽医,2009(11):18-19.
[11]马清元,田旦增,张婷.动物防疫常用消毒剂的选择和合理应用[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2015,34(6):106-107
[12]安志民,田美湛,季明等.五种消毒剂对畜禽产品运载车辆消毒效果的评价[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2013(12下):104-105.
[13]石银亮,石磊,康美红.浅析动物运输车辆消毒不到位的成因、危害及对策[J].中国动物检疫,2012,29(2):17-18.