基于特征参数的栓接结合部螺栓预紧力评估
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摘要
为了解决频响函数法在栓接结合部特征参数辨识中的不适定性问题及期望通过定量评估螺栓预紧力以评估栓接结合部损伤程度,采用正问题求解思路,提出依据动力方程定义参数辨识的目标函数并利用特征参数定量计算螺栓预紧力的评估方法。建立栓接结合部等效线性模型,通过模态试验测量不同预紧力下的结构频响函数;构建目标函数,采用粒子群优化算法获取不同预紧力下的特征参数,并通过多项式拟合特征参数与预紧力之间的关系曲线,从而评估螺栓预紧力;通过数值仿真和试验验证方法的有效性和适用性。研究结果表明:所提方法能够准确辨识结合部参数,利用拟合的关系曲线可以准确地定量评估螺栓预紧力。
In order to solve the ill-posed problem in characteristic parameters identification of bolted joints, the positive problem solving idea was adopted that an objective function was proposed for parameters identification based on the dynamic equations. In addition, the characteristic parameters were used to evaluate the bolt tightening force quantitatively. Firstly, the linear model of bolted joint was constructed and frequency response functions under different bolt tightening force were measured in model test. After obtaining the objective function, the particle swarm algorithm was used to identify the characteristic parameters under different bolt tightening force. The fitting curve for characteristic parameters and bolt tightening force was obtained and used to evaluate the bolt tightening force quantitatively. Finally, the validity and applicability of proposed method was verified by a series of numerical simulations and experimental studies. The illustrated results show that the proposed method can identify parameters accurately, and the fitting curve can be used to evaluate the bolt tightening force reliably.
In order to solve the ill-posed problem in characteristic parameters identification of bolted joints, the positive problem solving idea was adopted that an objective function was proposed for parameters identification based on the dynamic equations. In addition, the characteristic parameters were used to evaluate the bolt tightening force quantitatively. Firstly, the linear model of bolted joint was constructed and frequency response functions under different bolt tightening force were measured in model test. After obtaining the objective function, the particle swarm algorithm was used to identify the characteristic parameters under different bolt tightening force. The fitting curve for characteristic parameters and bolt tightening force was obtained and used to evaluate the bolt tightening force quantitatively. Finally, the validity and applicability of proposed method was verified by a series of numerical simulations and experimental studies. The illustrated results show that the proposed method can identify parameters accurately, and the fitting curve can be used to evaluate the bolt tightening force reliably.
引文
[1]中国航空研究院.复合材料结构设计手册[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2001.
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[3]YIN T,JIANG Q H,YUEN K V.Vibration-based damage detection for structural connections using incomplete modal data by bayesian approach and model reduction technique[J].Engineering Structures,2017,132:260-277.
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[5]王丹生,朱宏平,鲁晶晶,等.基于压电导纳的钢框架螺栓松动检测试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(10):157-160.WANG Dansheng,ZHU Hongping,LU Jingjing,et al.Experimental study on detecting loosened bolts of a steel frame based on piezoelectric admittance[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(10):157-160.
[6]杨智春,张慕宇,王乐.飞机加筋壁板紧固件松脱损伤检测的自相关分析方法[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(11):13-16.YANG Zhichun,ZHANG Muyu,WANG Le.Damage detection of fastener loosening aircraft stiffened panel by auto correlation analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(11):13-16.
[7]CARRI A D,MAIO D D.Non linear finite element model validation of a lap-joint[C]//33rd IMAC Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics.New York:Springer,2015.
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[9]ZHAO Y,YANG C,CAI L,et al.Surface contact stressbased nonlinear virtual material method for dynamic analysis of bolted joint of machine tool[J].Precision Engineering,2015,43:230-240.
[10]FASEL T R,TODD M D,PARK G.Active chaotic excitation for bolted joint monitoring[J].Proc Spie,2006,6174:567-574.
[11]REN Y,BEARDS C F.On substructure synthesis with FRFdata[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,1995,185(5):845-866.
[12]李玲,蔡力钢,郭铁能,等.机械结合部动态刚度辨识与试验研究[J].振动工程学报,2012,25(5):488-496.LI Ling,CAI Ligang,GUO Tieneng,et al.Identification and experimental research on dynamic stiffness of mechanical joints[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2012,25(5):488-496.
[13]TOL S,OZGUVEN H N.Dynamic characterization of bolted joints using FRF decoupling and optimization[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2015,54:124-138.
[2]KOPSAFTOPOULOS F P,FASSOIS S D.Statistical time series methods for damage diagnosis in a scale aircraft skeleton structure:loosened bolts damage scenarios[J].Journal of Physics Conference Series,2011,305(1):12056-12065.
[3]YIN T,JIANG Q H,YUEN K V.Vibration-based damage detection for structural connections using incomplete modal data by bayesian approach and model reduction technique[J].Engineering Structures,2017,132:260-277.
[4]缑百勇,陆秋海,王波,等.利用固有频率异常值分析法检测螺栓拧紧力[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(23):77-82.GOU Baiyong,LU Qiuhai,WANG Bo,et al.Bolt tightening force detection using outlier analysis of structural natural frequencies[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(23):77-82.
[5]王丹生,朱宏平,鲁晶晶,等.基于压电导纳的钢框架螺栓松动检测试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(10):157-160.WANG Dansheng,ZHU Hongping,LU Jingjing,et al.Experimental study on detecting loosened bolts of a steel frame based on piezoelectric admittance[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(10):157-160.
[6]杨智春,张慕宇,王乐.飞机加筋壁板紧固件松脱损伤检测的自相关分析方法[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(11):13-16.YANG Zhichun,ZHANG Muyu,WANG Le.Damage detection of fastener loosening aircraft stiffened panel by auto correlation analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(11):13-16.
[7]CARRI A D,MAIO D D.Non linear finite element model validation of a lap-joint[C]//33rd IMAC Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics.New York:Springer,2015.
[8]ZHOU Y,NEZHAD H Y,HOU C,et al.A three dimensional implicit finite element damage model and its application to single-lap multi-bolt composite joints with variable clearance[J].Composite Structures,2015,131:1060-1072.
[9]ZHAO Y,YANG C,CAI L,et al.Surface contact stressbased nonlinear virtual material method for dynamic analysis of bolted joint of machine tool[J].Precision Engineering,2015,43:230-240.
[10]FASEL T R,TODD M D,PARK G.Active chaotic excitation for bolted joint monitoring[J].Proc Spie,2006,6174:567-574.
[11]REN Y,BEARDS C F.On substructure synthesis with FRFdata[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,1995,185(5):845-866.
[12]李玲,蔡力钢,郭铁能,等.机械结合部动态刚度辨识与试验研究[J].振动工程学报,2012,25(5):488-496.LI Ling,CAI Ligang,GUO Tieneng,et al.Identification and experimental research on dynamic stiffness of mechanical joints[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2012,25(5):488-496.
[13]TOL S,OZGUVEN H N.Dynamic characterization of bolted joints using FRF decoupling and optimization[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2015,54:124-138.